Primax International Journal of Commerce and Management Research

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1 LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION IN TIRUPUR DISTRICT OF TAMILNADU Dr. N.A.Krishnamurthi 1 A.C.Deepa 2 Abstract Environmental impacts of pollution were analysed with the help of physical data on ground water, surface water and soil quality. The economic value of the damage (social cost) was estimated for different sectors like agriculture, fisheries, domestic and industrial water supply. Different economic and environmental indicators of Tirupur industry over the period and the reasons for the environmentally unsustainable industrial growth of Tirupur are provided. Introduction The developing and developed countries are equally accountable for environmental pollution because both are utilizing natural resources expansively. Developed nations are using it for their ease and luxuries while developing nations are using it for their existence. In this blind race, they forget what affect will it cost on human health. Statement of the Problem The entire Tirupur district has been labelled as industrial arena, many small and tiny entrepreneurs have started the business even in a small space without following the norms of Factories Act, 1948 and the pollution rules. Hence, it is very difficult to plant trees and make eco-friendly environment.the ecology has been completely affected without green environment. The disposal of industrial wastes in the neighbouring canals and waters pollute the human health as well as the animals which drinks the water distinct from the river Noyyal. Objectives of the Study 1. To ascertain the respondents level of awareness on industrial pollution in the industrial locality of Tirupur District. 2. To find out the causes of industrial pollution and its impact on human health. Review of Literature Dhaneshwar, (1990) in a study revealed that indiscriminate discharge of treated and untreated tannery waste into surface and underground water bodies cause pollution. The receiving bodies of water show increase in chloride and hardness. Methodology The validity of any research depends on the systematic method of collecting the data, and analyzing the same in a sequential order. In the present study, an extensive use of both primary and secondary data was made. 1. Associate Professor, Dept. of Corporate Secretary ship, Erode Arts and Science College, (Autonomous) Erode 2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Corporate Secretaryship, Dr. N.G.P. Arts and Science College, (Autonomous) Coimbatore Vol. No.4, Issue No.1 April- June 2016 Page 1

2 Data Collection Primary Data In order to fulfill the objectives set, a sample study was undertaken by using a wellframed questionnaire that was duly filled by the respondents. Secondary Data Latest information about the industrial pollution was gathered from well-equipped libraries of Bangalore, Chennai and Coimbatore. Internet web resources were also used. Causes Of Air Pollution Traffic Smog Power plants Industrial plants and factories Causes of Water Pollution Urbanization Industries Agricultural runoff and improper agricultural practices Withdrawal of Water Religious and Social Practices Data Analysis and Interpretation Table - 1 Industries Available and Level of Impact of Pollution on Environment (Two- Way Table) S. Level of Impact Type of Industry No. Low Medium High 1 Dyeing industry 2 Hosiery industry 3 Plastic industry 4 Oil industry 112 (64.4%) 49 (28.2%) (.7%) 3 (1.7%) (67.4%) 61 (26.2%) (4.3%) (2.1%) (60.6%) 61 (31.6%) (.2%) (2.6%) (64.3%) 171 (28.%) 30 (.0%) 13 (2.2%) 600 It is limelighted from the above table that the percentage of high level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (60.6%) among the respondents who lived in dyeing industry area and the same was the lowest (2.6%) among the respondents who lived nearby oil industry. The percentage of medium level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (67.4%) among the respondents who lived in dyeing industry area and the same was the lowest (2.1%) among the respondents who lived nearby oil industry. On Vol. No.4, Issue No.1 April- June 2016 Page 2

3 the other hand, the percentage of low level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (64.4%) among the respondents who lived in dyeing industry area and the same was the lowest (.7%) among the respondents who lived nearby plastic industry. In order to find the relationship between the type of industry available in respondents area and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment, a Chi-Square test was used to test the hypothesis and the result of the test is given below. Hypothesis Null Hypothesis (H 0 ) There is no significant relationship between the type of industry available in respondents ar and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment Table - 2 Industries Available and Level of Impact of Pollution On Environment (Chi Square Test) Factor Calculated Table D.F Remarks Type of industry Not Significant It is witnessed from the above table that the calculated Chi-Square value is lesser than the table value and the result is not significant at 1% and % level. Hence, the null hypothesis H 0 is accepted and the alternative hypothesis H 1 is rejected. The hypothesis, Type of industry available in respondents area and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment are associated, does not hold good. From the analysis, it is concluded that there is no close relationship between type of industry available in respondents area and their level of impact of pollution perceived on environment. Table - 3 Type of Pollution and Level Of Impact On Environment (Two- Way Table) S. Level of Impact Type of Pollution No. Low Medium High 1 Water pollution 2 Air pollution 3 Soil pollution 4 Noise pollution 80 (46.0%) 79 (4.4%) (2.9%) (.7%) (2.8%) 6 (27.9%) 29 (12.4%) 16 (6.9%) (2.3%) 70 (36.3%) (.2%) 12 (6.2%) (0.7%) 214 (3.7%) 44 (7.3%) 38 (6.3%) 600 Vol. No.4, Issue No.1 April- June 2016 Page 3

4 It is understood from the above table that the percentage of high level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (2.3%) among the respondents who affected by water pollution and the same was the lowest (.2%) among the respondents who affected by soil pollution. The percentage of medium level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (2.8%) among the respondents who affected by water pollution and the same was the lowest (6.9%) among the respondents who affected by noise pollution. On the other hand, the percentage of low level of impact of pollution perceived on environment was the highest (46.0%) among the respondents who affected by water pollution and the same was the lowest (2.9%) among the respondents who affected by soil pollution. In order to find the relationship between the type of pollution and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment, a Chi-square test was used to test the hypothesis and the result of the test is given below. Hypothesis Null Hypothesis (H 0 ) There is no significant relationship between the type of pollution and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment Table - 4 Type Of Pollution And Level Of Impact On Environment (Chi Square Test) Factor Calculated Table D.F Remarks Type of pollution Significant at 1% level It is identified from the above table that the calculated chi-square value is greater than the table value and the result is significant at 1 % level. Hence, the null hypothesis (H 0 ) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H 1 ) is accepted. The hypothesis, Type of pollution and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment are associated, holds good. From the analysis, it is concluded that there is a close relationship between the type of pollution and the level of impact of pollution perceived on environment. Conclusion The textile industry is one of the oldest industries that employ millions of people throughout the world. Economies engage in international trade for mutual gain but the terms of trade can shift the gain of one member to other member. The textile industry in Tirupur is facing many challenges like poor road and other transport infrastructure, labour shortage during peak season, outdated machineries, pollution, exchange rate fluctuations and cotton yarn price fluctuations and over dependence on cotton. Though the textile industry in India receives lot of promotional support from government of India like duty drawback, textile parks, technology up gradation fund etc., it is not yielding the expected results. To encourage apparel exporters to increase the export marketing activity the Indian government has to focus on manpower development and other innovative methods. References Vol. No.4, Issue No.1 April- June 2016 Page 4

5 Dicken, Peter (1998), Global Shift Transforming the World Economy, Third Edition, The Guilford Press. Fun, Kristina (2004), Effect of Dyeing and Bleaching Industries on the Area Around the Orthapalayam Dam in South India, Master Thesis, Uppsala University, Sweden. Hydrology Research Station (1996), Pollution Studies in Noyyal - Orthapalayam Reservoir Project, Final Report, Department of Fisheries, Chennai. Jacob, Thomson (1998), Impact of Industries on the Ground Water Quality of Tiruppur and its Ethical Implications, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Madras, Chennai. Vol. No.4, Issue No.1 April- June 2016 Page