Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 years

Transcription

1 Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 years Tom Miles T.R. Miles, Technical Consultants, Inc Alaska Wood Energy Conference October 9-11, 2012 Ted Ferry Civic Center, Ketchikan

2 1960 s-1970s Portable mills Fish waste Dryer Experience in Alaska WETG/JEDC Craig Boiler CCHRC Sealaska Delta-Greely Alaska Brewing Current AP&T - Tok Sealaska - Hoonah Galena 1980 s-1990s USDOE PNW Bioenergy Klawock CHP

3 Needs, Goals, and Dreams Community needs Reduce costs of heat and power Increase economic activity Self sufficiency - greenhouses Reduce fire hazard resource management Biomass Energy as a Sustainable Business Stable employment Opportunity to expand existing business Heat 20%-50% reduction in cost of fossil heat Power 50% reduction in cost of fossil electricity Reduce CO2 Increase productivity

4 Looking Ahead What s Needed Small Scale Fuel Packaging Systems Efficient and Affordable Heating Boilers Organics Recycling with Co-Products Bioenergy Enabled Buildings Practical and Affordable Electric Generation

5 Small Scale Fuel Packaging Systems: Pre-processed fuels - chips, microchips, pellets DISK AND SPIRAL CUT CHIPS Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 5

6 Micro Chips Potential Rural Fuel Microchips: Thin, uniform particles Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 6

7 Forest Residues to Clean Chips and Pellets - Tok Cal Kerr Northern Economics

8 Small Sysytems: Forest Residues to Clean Chips and Pellets Managing the Woody Biomass Supply Chain 8

9 Spiral Chipper for High Capacity Gasifier/Boiler Fuel Chips Laimet Chipper Calforest Nurseries 2012 Bioenergy in Alaska: The Next 10 Years 9

10 Commercial Small Scale Facilities (<30,000 tpy) Can Demonstrate Feasibility of Procurement and Preprocessing and Provide Jobs to Forest Communities TPD Densification Plant Bioenergy in Alaska the Next 20 Years 10

11 Efficient and Affordable Heating Boilers Reduce installed system costs Improve automation Engineered Modular installation Boiler 3 MMBtuh Hot Water Boiler 8 MMBtuh Hot Water

12 Dry Sized Fuel Provides Reliable Operation for Small Boilers Hot Air Dries Wet Fuel Gas Burns in Boiler Chips Feed Well in Augers Chips Gasify On Grate 4 MMBtuh City of Craig, AK Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 12

13 Modular Chip and Pellet Boilers Help Forest Communities 750,000 Btuh Secondary Chamber Burns Gas Heat Exchanged to Water Flue Gas Recycled USFS, John Day, OR Moving Grate Primary Chamber Gasifies Pellets or Chips Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 13

14 Modular Cordwood Boilers

15 Dense, Dry Pellets: Good Combustion Control Residential and Commercial Hillcrest B&B, Delta Junction, AK ACT, Fed Bldg, Ketchikan Tongass, AK Dry Creek, AK Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 15

16 Heating opportunities: Use Dry Kilns for Wood and Firewood Dry Creek, Ak Hoonah, Ak Bioenergy in Alaska the Next 20 Years 16

17 Organic Recycling and CoProducts Non-recycled community residues for heating Densified mixed waste paper Combined Heat and Biochar Peat substitutes (UK ban 2015)

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19 Community heat and Char Aito Nanohana EcoProject, Higashi-Omi City, Shiga Kansai Corp 200 kilns 150 kg/hr, 1.2 MMBtu, 50 kg char/hr 700Y/10 kg $0.41/lb Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 19

20 Continuous Flow Reactor for Biochar + Heat for Fuel Dryer or Greenhouse PL Feed Burner Sec Air Airlock Pri Process Heat Out Reactor Tube Biochar Storage Commercial Scale Reactor Process Heat 50 lb/hr biochar + 600,000 Btuh Dryer-Feeder Biochar Renewable Thermal Energy

21 Bioenergy Enabled Building Systems Building a green urban/village landscape Closer buildings Heat distribution loops Combined heat and power Provide for future biomass heat

22 Bioenergy enabled buildings - Kasaan Clinic Equipment for future wood boiler included in original specifications. mrvarchitects.com/kasaanclinicbiddocuments

23 Practical and Affordable Electric Generation Lower cost steam systems Lower Cost Gasification Lower Cost Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Lower Cost Stirling CHP Systems

24 Opportunities to reduce steam system costs limited by unit operations Wellons Hi forest fuel costs Hi labor costs Need low costs modules Use ORC or low labor technologies

25 ORC Promises Low Cost Power Generation Lower cost labor Safe operation thermal oil Need use for heat Deployed in Europe Wisewood-Bios

26 Exploring ORC at K&K Recycling in Fairbanks 5 MMBtuh 1400 kwt SHRED FUEL 1 tph THERMAL OIL HEATER 10 MMBtu 50% HEAT TO 1 ACRE GREENHOUSE 600 kwe 17,000 Btu/kWh HEAT TO ORC {4) 125 kwe Turbines Bioenergy in Alaska The Next 20 Years 26

27 Gasification Systems Must Mature KWe Minimum industrial size larger than AK remote grid demands High Cost <5MWe Limited Experience at 2 MWe Marginal cost of power high High costs for gas and wastewater cleaning Few units 2 MWe+ operating 5 MWe ICM Inc 500 kwe Phoenix Energies

28 Cost of Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Must Decline Example: UBC 2 MWe Gasifier 23,000 tpy grn

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31 How to Get There Make affordable, convenient biomass fuels Chips, briquettes, bricks, pellets. Recycle organics and fuel Fuels from non recyclable cardboard Combined heat and biochar Build green urban/village landscape Closer buildings, bioenergy enabled Heat distribution loops Build low cost biomass systems for heat and power

32 TR Miles Technical Consultants, Inc SW Woodward Way Portland, OR mobile Design and development of energy and environmental processes Industries Biomass energy Pollution control Materials handling Feed, Food and Fuels