TC NES SUBGROUP ON IDENTIFICATION OF PBT AND VPVB SUBSTANCES - RESULTS OF THE EVALUATION OF THE PBT/VPVB PROPERTIES OF:

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1 TC NES SUBGROUP ON IDENTIFICATION OF PBT AND VPVB SUBSTANCES - RESULTS OF THE EVALUATION OF THE PBT/VPVB PROPERTIES OF: Substance name: Terphenyl, hydrogenated EC number: CAS number: Molecular formula: Not applicable Structural formula: Not applicable Summary of the evaluation: No final conclusion, assessment on-going. Further testing, an aerobic degradation rate and route study of,4-dicyclohexylbenzene in soil, and a bioconcentration study in carp with m,m-quaterphenyl was required based on the Commission regulation (EC) No 465/008 and received in December 009. Based on the aerobic degradation test in soil, it can be concluded that the criteria for P or vp is not fulfilled for,4- dicyclohexylbenzene. However, the percentage of unextractable residues was very high from 3.6 to 5.5 % which still raises some concerns. Based on the bioconcentration study, m,m-quaterphenyl appears to be accumulating in fish. It fulfills the B criterion but not the vb criterion. For the further assessment of quaterphenyls the full study reports on two tests (aerobic soil microbial biodegradation and acute toxicity to Daphnia magna were requested from Solutia Services International CommVA/SCA in February 0 and received in April 0. The tests support the suspicion that quaterphenyls can fullfill P- and T-criteria. However, in both tests the identity of the tested substance is unclear and the studies do not follow standard testing guidelines. Therefore, it is difficult to conclude on the basis of these tests on P- and T-properties. A Daphnia magna -long term toxicity test has been proposed by the registrant. The assessment is waiting for the results of this test. For properties and PBT assessment of terphenyls (CAS ), see PBT summary fact sheet nr. 86. Main conclusion: unhydrogenated orto-, meta- and para-terphenyls are not consider PBT-substances based on the B-criterion. This conclusion applies only to the main constituent of the commercial mixture, which contains 84 % w/w of o-,m-,p-terphenyls and 6% w/w of quaterphenyls. For quaterphenyls further testing has been required by Commission regulation (EC) No 465/008). For the assessment of quaterphenyls please see the PBT summary fact sheet for substance nro 87.

2 JUSTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE AND PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Name: Terphenyl, hydrogenated EC Number: CAS Number: IUPAC Name: Molecular Formula: Not applicable Structural Formula: Not applicable Molecular Weight: Not applicable Synonyms: Partially hydrogenated terphenyls. Purity/Impurities/Additives Table. contains the constituent and impurity substance groups present in the produced substance under CAS number Hydrogenated terphenyls consist of a range of terphenyl isomers (o-, m-, p-) which are hydrogenated to an average of 40 %. (Solutia, 003). Table. Constituens of terphenyl, hydrogenated (Solutia, 003). Substance CAS No EC No. % w/w terphenyl, hydrogenated ,0-87,0 % quaterphenyls and higher polyphenyls, partially hydrogenated ,0 % terphenyl ,0-8,0 %

3 . Physico-Chemical properties Table. Summary of physico-chemical properties. For details and references, see European Commission (000) and Solutia Inc. (004). It is noted, that the data were not evaluated by the Rapporteur. REACH ref Annex, Property Value Comments VII, 7. Physical state at 0 C and 0.3 Kpa liquid European Commission, 000 VII, 7. Melting / freezing point -8 C (pour point) Monsanto, 989 VII, 7.3 Boiling point 340 at 03 hpa Monsanto, 989 VII, 7.5 Vapour pressure hpa at 5 C Solutia, 98 VII, 7.7 Water solubility 0.08 mg/l at 0 C 0. mg/l at 5 C Monsanto, 995 Estimate (WSKOW v.4) for fully hydrogenated terphenyl mg/l at 5 C Estimate (WSKOW v.4) for,4- dicyclohexylbenzene; smiles: C(cccc(C3CCCCC3)cc)CCCCC 8-60 µg/l Estimated; for,4- dicyclohexylbenzene VII, 7.8 Partition coefficient n- octanol/water (log value) 8.55 Estimate (KOWWIN v.67) for fully hydrogenated terphenyl 7.63 Estimate (KOWWIN v.67) for,4- dicyclohexylbenzene; smiles: C(cccc(C3CCCCC3)cc)CCCCC 6. Monsanto (calculated) 6.3 at 3 C Solutia, 977; direct partition experiment (similar to a shake flask procedure) Dissociation constant - For quaterphenyls (CAS ), which are constituents in terphenyl, hydrogenated, following data are available: melting point C (measured); boiling point > 40 C (measured); water solubility 0.00 mg/l at 5 C (measured); logkow 7.8 (estimated, KOWWIN v.66). The experimental data have been cited in the IUCLID of Solutia Inc. (003). MANUFACTURE AND USES One company provided data under Regulation 93/793/EEC. 3 CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING The substance is not classified under Directive 67/548/EEC. 3

4 4 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE PROPERTIES 4. Degradation (P) 4.. Abiotic degradation Indirect photochemical degradation in the atmosphere was estimated for the fully hydrogenated terphenyl [Smiles: C3(CCCC(C(CC(C(CCCCC))CCC))C3)] and it is considered to be fast based on the estimated half-life of.3 h for the reaction with OHradicals using AOP v.9 (4 h day - ; 5*0 5 OH - cm -3 ). For a partially hydrogenated terphenyl (CAS ) the half-life of 5. hours was calculated correspondingly. 4.. Biotic degradation ) METI (004) reports on an OECD 30 C test with hydrogenated terphenyls (purity 9.9 %) using a test concentration of 00 mg/l and an activated sludge concentration of 30 mg/l (assumed as predominantly domestic). Biodegradation was based on disappearance measured with GC 6 % after 8 days and based on BOD 6 % in 8 days. The substance is considered not readily biodegradable based on the result. ) In a SCAS test generally consistent with OECD 30 -test 35. +/- 8.6% mean daily primary degradation rates were observed for different exposure cycles. GC analyses showed that the several peaks that made up the test material degraded at varying levels. No volatile losses were reported (Monsanto Report AC-7-SS04). It is noted, that the study report was not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. Results of two other SCAS tests according to OECD 30 have been summarized by European Commission (000). With an adapted inoculum a 49 % daily mean primary degradation was observed and with a non-adapted inoculum 68 % mean daily primary degradation was observed. It is noted that the study Reports were not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. 3) European Commission (000) also summarizes three CO -evolution screening tests, which resulted mineralization of 3 % in 35 days, 4 % in 35 days and % in 4 days, respectively. In these tests the inoculum was not pre-adapted. An additional test result with 50 % mineralization in 46 days was reached using a pre-adapted inoculum. It is noted that the study reports were not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. 4) Terphenyls, hydrogenated are a complex mixture of low water solubility compounds. Each component probably has a different rate of degradation in the environment. The partially hydrogenated terphenyls appear to be more biodegradable than the corresponding fully hydrogenated compounds observed in the river die-away test (Monsanto report MO , 983) measuring primary degradation. The test was carried out in spiked Missisippi River water incubated at ambient temperature in the dark (lab test, no details of temperature reported) The test substance comprised of a mixture: 5% of para trans-tercyclohexyl (TPT), a completely hydrogenated saturated compound, and 75% of two ring saturated terphenyls (the third ring still aromatic). On day 4, most of the original material remaining was tercyclohexyl, the completely 4

5 hydrogenated constituent. Unfortunately the 8 day sample was lost during sample preparation and therefore no other detailed results are available, except that the fully hydrogenated compounds were the most resistant to biodegradation. 5) For the constituent group quaterphenyls (CAS ) results of a screening test ( ultimate biodegradation shake flask procedure ) are available. Quaterphenyls were used in a test concentration of 0 mg/l and a commercially available inoculum adapted to hydrocarbons was employed ( CFU/ml). 7 % mineralization (measured as CO - evolution) was observed after 55 days (Solutia, 983 as cited in Solutia Inc., 003). It is noted that the study report was not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. 6) A soil dissipation study was conducted by Monsanto (report XX as cited in Solutia Inc., 003) with an internal Monsanto method. It is noted that the full study report was received in April 0. Two concentrations of test material (50 ppm and 0.5 ppm) were applied. Two concentrations of the test materials ( Quatraphenyls - Santowax, "terphenyls" and "polyphenols") were prepared in methylene chloride. Two soil types were employed: (A) Missouri Bottoms, a sandy soil with 0.5% organic carbon and (B) Florida muck, a heavy loam containing 3.9% organic carbon. A microtox screen was employed prior to study start to ensure that no bacterial toxicity would interfere with the main test. Soil samples were stabilized prior to study start so that they contained a uniform level of microorganisms. Soil samples (5 g) were placed in 5 ml jars and spiked with 50 µl of test solution containing the test material in solvent. Jars were capped and shaken, then lids removed and restirred manually. After being lightly recapped, the jars containing the test material and soil were incubated in the dark at 5 ºC and 80 % humidity until sampled. Soil samples containing the test material were analyzed by HPLC after 0, 0.5,,, 4, 6, 8,, 5, and 3 weeks of the study. Three replicates of each treated group plus a control per time period per soil type were used. Sterile controls and matrix blanks were also employed. Soil aerobic microbial biodegradation resulted in 54 % (50 ppm, soil A), 50 % (500 ppb, soil A), 4 % (50 ppm, soil B), 33 % (500 ppb, soil B) degradation (and loss) after 3 weeks. The respective degradation half-lives were 0.3, 4, 86. and 38 days. The study indicated that most of the loss could be attributed to abiotic losses (the loss of quatraphenyl in the sterile controls was similar to that seen in the non-sterile tests). The lighter compounds (terphenyls) showed greater loss, followed by quatraphenyl and then polyphenyl. 7) Summary of the study Determination of the Aerobic Degradation Rate and Route of [Phenyl-4C(U)]-p-dicyclohexylbenzene (Solutia 009a): The degradation of terphenyl, hydrogenated was tested using [Phenyl-4C(U)]-pdicyclohexylbenzene as test substance. The test was performed according to OECD Guideline 307 Aerobic and anaerobic transformation in soil (adopted 4 April 00) and was conducted in compliance with GLP except for missing information on the stability of the labeled test substance under storage conditions and biomass determination. The 5

6 degradation rate of 4C-labelled,4-dicyclohexylbenzene was investigated in three soils Spreyer. (loamy sand), Speyer.3 (sandy loam) and Speyer 6S (clay) at 0 ± C in the dark at a moisture content of approximately 40 % of the water holding capacity for a period of 0 days. The substance was applied at a concentration of 0.40 mg/kg dry soil. Activity was fractioned into 4CO, organic volatile compounds, acetonitrile/bufferextractable residues and extractable residues. The concentration of the substance and its metabolites was determined after various incubation periods by HPLC of the soil extracts. [Phenyl-4C(U)]-p-dicyclohexylbenzene quickly degraded and mineralized in the tested soils. In Speyer 6S soil three major metabolites (Met, Met 3 and Met 7) were formed that were above the 0 % of the applied activity. In Speyer.3 two metabolites (Met 3 and Met 7) were twice above 5 % of the applied radioactivity at two consecutive time points. The major metabolites degraded rapidly. Other metabolites were only formed in minor amounts (maximum.9 % and once 4.6 %). Except for formation of the metabolites especially in Speyer 6S soil, other important reaction routes were formation of unextractable residues (max %) and mineralization ( % 4CO in all the tested soils. Phenyl-4C(U)]-p-dicyclohexylbenzene degradation was best described by three different models for the three different soils (DFOP for Speyer., HS for Speyer.3 and FOMC for Speyer 6S). The metabolite formation/degradation was described by first order (SFO) kinetics. The half-lives (DT50) and DT50 values of parent and metabolites are summarized in the table below. As a conclusion [phenyl-4c(u)]-p-dicyclohexylbenzene quickly degraded and mineralized in the tested soils. Except for formation of the metabolites especially in Speyer 6S soil, other important reaction routes we formation of unextractable residues and mineralization in all the tested soils. The percentage of unextractable residues is very high from 3.6 to 5.5 % which raises some concerns. However, there is no further knowledge available for considering this further. The DT50 values for the parent were from.8 to 4.6 days and for metabolites from 3 to 36. day. Consequently the criteria for P (> 0 days) or vp (> 80 days) is not fulfilled. 6

7 4..3 Other information 4..4 Summary and discussion of persistence Results from several standard ready and inherent biodegradation screening tests indicate, that terphenyls, hydrogenated is not readily degradable, and does not fulfil the criteria for inherently biodegradable substance in test where non-adapted inoculum was used. In few tests, some biodegradation (measured as primary degradation) was observed, but the degradation products were not identified. Based on the results of a river die-away test, the fully hydrogenated terphenyl(s) are expected to be more persistent than the partially hydrogenated terphenyls. Based on the aerobic degradation test in soil, it can be concluded that the criteria for P (> 0 days) or vp (> 80 days) is not fulfilled for partially hydrogenated terphenyls (p-dicyclohexylbenzene) when unextractable residues are not taken into consideration. The quaterphenyl constituents are expected, based on one biodegradation screening test result and based on a soil dissipation study, to be persistent. The soil dissipation study shows half-lives exceeding 0 and 80 days. 4. Environmental distribution Data not reviewed for this report. 4.. Adsorption 4.. Volatilisation 4..3 Long-range environmental transport 4.3 Bioaccumulation (B) 4.3. Screening data LogKow values between 6. and 8.55 are available for this multi-constituent substance. The fully hydrogenated terphenyl is expected to have a higher logkow than the partially hydrogenated terphenyls. For fully hydrogenated terphenyl a BCF of and for,4-dicyclohexylbenzene [Smiles: C(cccc(C3CCCCC3)cc)CCCCC] a BCF of 8,939 were predicted by BCFWIN v.5. For example, half life from field studies or monitoring data 7

8 The program uses the generic model for non-ionic organics (log BCF = -.37 log Kow correction factor), which is applied for substances with log Kow > 7.0. For fully hydrogenated terphenyl no group specific correction factor is applied by the program. Hydrogenated terphenyls are not included in the training set of the model and hence the specificity of the model for hydrogenated terphenyls is not high. For quaterphenyls (CAS ), a predicted logkow of 7.8 is available. BCFWIN v.5 provides for the substance a BCF of 6, Measured bioaccumulation data ) METI (004) reports on an OECD 305 flow-through bioconcentration test with Cyprinus carpio. The fish (lipid content at the start 3.59 %) were exposed to terphenyls, hydrogenated (purity 9.9 %) at two exposure levels,.99 µg/l and 0.99µg/l. HCO-40 and -methoxyethanol were used as dispersants. Exposure period was 60 days and the concentration in water and in fish was measured with GC-MS. The fish specific BCFs based on measured concentrations are presented in Table 4.. Depuration rates after exposure were also reported (see Table 4.). Table 4.. BCFs in sampled fish in the test of METI (year). Peak (MW) Level BCF After 4 days After 8 days After 39 days After 46 days After 60 days A (4.40) B (4.40) C (4.40) D (36.35)

9 BCF E (4.40) F (36.35) G (36.35) Table 4.. Depuration half-lives in the METI (004) study. Peak Level Level A.9 days 3. days B.0 days 3.3 days C.4 days 3.5 days D. days 3.6 days E.9 days 3.6 days F. days.4 days G.9 days.3 days The peaks A-G are partially hydrogenated o, m, p-dicyclohexyl benzenes (MW 4.4 g/mol) and cyclohexyl biphenyls (MW 36.4 g/mol) (or in principle could also be cyclohexa dienyl cyclohexanyl benzenes, MW 36.4 g/mol). The completely hydrogenated terphenyl has a molecular weight of g/mol. The o, m- and p-isomers have slightly different retention times resulting to the separate peaks. All water solubility estimates of the completely hydrogenated terphenyl constituents, fragment based or calculated from the log Kow value, are above the exposure concentrations of the test. It can be hence expected that the tests have been carried out below the solubility limits of the substances in the test conditions. For,4-dicyclohexyl benzene (CAS ) estimated solubility is 8-60 µg/l. The depuration rate of the constituents from fish is high. The high depuration rate may explain why higher BCF 9

10 values were observed at higher exposure level. It seems that steady state was reached well before the termination of the exposure. Although all test details have not been described, the study results can be considered reliable for this assessment. ) Bioconcentration test in carp with m,m-quaterphenyl Solutia Services International COmmVA/SCA (Solutia 009b) has provided results on a bioaccumulation test with m,m-quaterphenyl. The test was carried out with carp according to OECD 305 Test Guideline as a flow-through fish test. Fish were exposed to both m,m-quaterphenyl and [Ring-A-4C] Meta-Quaterphenyl at two concentrations for a period of 30 days followed by a depuration phase of 8 days. In the test radiochemically labelled substance was used, which was analyzed from water and fish samples. However the purity of the test substance has not been provided by the sponsor to the testing lab. Stock solutions were prepared in acetone and dosed via computer-controlled system. Acetone is not on the list of recommended solubilising agent in the guideline. According to information from the sponsor, the solubility of the test substance in water was 4 µg/l (calculated value, ADC labs) and of mixed quaterphenyls µg/l. At the start of the test 54 fish per concentration were exposed to the target concentrations of 0. and µg/l, and 4 fish were exposed to control. The mean concentrations of m,m-quaterpheyl (i.e. total radioactivity) in medium were 0.6 ± 0.03 and.6 ± 0.3 µg/l at target concentrations of 0. and µg/l, respectively. The measured concentrations generally varied within ± 0 % window of the mean concentrations at both target concentrations. No relevant degradation product (>0 % of applied) was detected in the test water. The steady state concentration in fish was reached after 7 days of exposure for the 0. µg/l target concentration and after 4 days of exposure for the µg/l target concentration. The measured concentrations varied within ± 0 % window of the mean concentrations in fish at both target concentrations. Samples were taken 6 times from water during uptake phase and 4 times from fish during depuration phase. Depuration was relatively rapid based on DT50 values: DT50 values at target concentration of 0. and µg/l were 3.6 and.8 days, respectively. The BCFss values for m,m-quaterphenyl at target concentrations of 0. and µg/l were 77 ± 39 and 3837 ± 85, respectively. The BCFk values of m,m-quaterphenyl at target concentrations of 0. and µg/l were 3064 and 39, respectively. The lipid concentration of the tested fish was 6-7 %. The lipid normalised (to 5 % lipid concentration) BCF values are 947 and 740 (steady state), 89 and 794 (kinetic), respectively. Regardless of a few modifications from the OECD test guidelines the study is regarded valid. Based on these results m,m-quaterphenyl appears to be accumulating in fish. It fulfills the B criterion but not the vb criterion. 0

11 4.3.3 Other supporting information Summary and discussion of bioaccumulation Results of an OECD 305 bioaccumulation test with fish provided BCFs of,00-8,000, whereas the apparent steady state BCFs were all above,000 and for at least peak D above 5,000. The constituents included in the test substance were partially hydrogenated terphenyls. For one partially hydrogenated terphenyl (,4-dicyclohexylbenzene) a predicted BCF of 8,939 is available. This well fits to the range of the observed BCFs, although it is noted, that the BCFWIN model is not expected to be very accurate for hydrogenated terphenyls. It is concluded, that partially hydrogenated terphenyls are expected to exhibit a high or very high bioaccumulation potential. For the quaterphenyl constituents, based on the logkow of 7.8 and the predicted BCF of 6,80, these constituents are expected to have a very high bioaccumulation potential. The bioconcentration test in carp with m,m-quaterphenyl (Solutia 009) shows that the substance fulfils the B-criterion. 5 HUMAN HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT Data not reviewed for this report. 6 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT 6. Aquatic compartment (including sediment) ECOSAR v0.99h provides following predictions for a partially hydrogenated terphenyl (CAS ) (logkow 7.64 used): Fish 96h-LC50 = Fish 4d-LC50 = Daphnid 48h-LC50 = Green Algae 96h-EC50 = Fish 30d-ChV = Daphnid 6d-EC50 = Green Algae 96hr-ChV = Fish (SW) 96h-LC50 = Mysid Shrimp 96h-LC50 = mg/l mg/l (above the predicted WS) mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l (above the predicted WS) mg/l (above the predicted WS) mg/l For the fully hydrogenated terphenyl, following predictions were calculated with ECOSAR v0.99h (logkow 8.55 used): 3 For example, measured concentrations in biota

12 Fish 96h-LC50 = Fish 4d-LC50 = Daphnid 48h-LC50 = Green Algae 96h-EC50 = Fish 30d-ChV = Daphnid 6d-EC50 = Green Algae 96hr-ChV = Fish (SW) 96h-LC50 = Mysid Shrimp 96h-LC50 = mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l 6.. Toxicity test results 6... Fish Acute toxicity Three acute ecotoxicity studies with fish cited in the IUCLID (European Commission, 000) resulted LC50 values > 0. mg/l. It is noted, that the study reports were not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. Long-term toxicity No data are available for hydrogenated terphenyls. ) Therminol 75 (6% terphenyls, 34% quaterphenyls and 4% high boilers) was used as substance in an early life stage study with Pimephales promelas. -day old, fertilized embryos were taken from the in-house culture. The flow-through test was conducted using a modified Brungs proportional diluter over the course of 34 days (including 30 days post hatch). Test solutions were replaced at a rate of 5 times daily. Fifty embryos were placed into incubation cups, one of which was suspended in each duplicate test 0-L glass aquarium (filled with 5 L) per test concentration and controls. Cups were glass jars with 6-mesh Nitex screen bottoms. Hatching success and survival were recorded. Forty live larvae were placed back into their aquaria (from the cups) for 30 days of exposure to assay survival and growth (length and weight). Test water was maintained at 5 +/- deg. C. Five concentrations (mean measured of 0.034, 0.037, 0.064, 0., 0.9 mg/l) and an acetone solvent control were used. Test concentrations were measured during the test using GC-FID. Larvae were fed live brine shrimp three times daily and twice daily on weekends. Aquaria were cleaned several times per week. Dissolved oxygen varied between 7.6 to 8. mg/l throughout the test, temperature was 6 ºC, hardness varied between 8 and 30 mg CaCO 3 /L and ph varied between No effects on hatching mortality or success as compared to controls were observed in any test concentration. No effects on larval weight were observed at any test concentration. Survival of larvae and larvae lengths were reduced at mg/l, but not at mg/l.

13 The overall NOEC of this study was mg/l (Solutia Study No. SB as cited in Solutia Inc.003) Aquatic invertebrates Acute toxicity ) Four acute studies with Daphnia magna (three of them OECD 0, Part ) cited in the IUCLID (European Commission, 000) provided following results 48h-EC50 of 0.0 mg/l, 0.05 mg/l, 0. mg/l and 0.0 mg/l. Results from tests with other species are also available; EC50-values in these studies were > 0. mg/l. It is noted, that the study reports were not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. ) In a more recent study of Powel and Moser (996), Daphnia magna were tested in a static limit test according to OECD 0. Test concentration was.34 mg/l and ethoxylated triglyseride was used as solvent. No effects were observed during the study. It is noted, that the study report was not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. 3) A 48 hour flow through test with Daphnia magna according to the method EPA 660/ , 560/ used a quaterphenyls product (95 % purity) as a test substance (concentration range mg/l) and resulted an EC mg/l. The NOEC in this acute study was mg/l (Solutia 993 as cited in Solutia Inc., 003). The full study report was received in April 0. According to the full study report the tested substance was Santotar 9 polyphenol (quaterphenyl isomers and higher polyphenols). Long-term toxicity Algae and aquatic plants Two acute tests with Selenastrum capricornutum cited in the IUCLIDs (European Commission, 000 and Solutia, 004) resulted 96h-EC50 > 0.56 mg/l and 96h-EC50 > 0.06 mg/l, respectively. It is noted, that the study reports were not available to the Rapporteur for evaluation. 6.. Sediment organisms No data available Other aquatic organisms Data not evaluated for this report. 6. Terrestrial compartment No data available. 3

14 6.3 Atmospheric compartment No data available. 7 PBT AND VPVB 7. PBT, vpvb assessment No final conclusions, assessment on-going. INFORMATION ON USE AND EXPOSURE The substance has been registered at the tonnage level > 000 tonnes. Identified uses include use as heat transfer fluid, as additive in sealants, adhesive applications, coatings, paints and inks, plastic applications. The use of the substance as additive in sealants, adhesive applications, coatings and paints and inks, has been described with environmental release categories ERC 8c/8f: wide dispersive (indoor/outdoor) uses resulting in inclusion into or onto a matrix. Both professional and consumer uses has been identified for these uses. OTHER INFORMATION The information and references used in this report were mainly taken from the two following sources: European Commission, 000. IUCLID Dataset, Terphenyl, hydrogenated, CAS , Solutia Inc., 004. High Production Volume Chemical Challenge Program, IUCLID Data set, terphenyls, hydrogenated, CAS no ; Revised by Toxicology and Regulatory Affairs Feeburg IL; Date of last update Other sources: Powell RL, Moser EM The Toxicity of Therminol 66 (Partially Hydrogenated Terphenyls CAS ) to Daphnia magna. Study #MSL 4770, ESC 9646, MO Monsanto Company, Environmental Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO. August 5, 996. Solutia, 003. Information to the Rapporteur, 6. June,

15 Solutia Inc., 003. High Production Volume Chemical Challenge Program, Test plan for the polyphenyl (3- & 4-rings) category, CAS Number , Mixed terphenyls; CAS Number ; Quaterphenyls (containing the IUCLIDs). July 3, 003. New test reports received in December 009: Solutia Services International COmmVA/SCA (009a): Determination of the aerobic degradation rate and route of phenyl-4c(u)-p-dicyclohexylbenzene in soil. Notox project number 48968, Netehrland, 4 pages. Solutia Services International COmmVA/SCA (009b): Bioconcentration test in carp with m,m-quaterphenyl (flow-through), NOTOX B.V. Project , Netherlands, 48 pages Full study reports received in April 0: Fate testing for therminol biodegradation - final report. XX December 8, 989. Acute Flow-through toxicity of Santotar 9 to Daphnia magna. March 9, 993. Monsanto study number AB