San Francisco s Non-Potable Water Program. Paula Kehoe Director of Water Resources San Francisco Public Utilities Commission October 1, 2015

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1 San Francisco s Non-Potable Water Program Paula Kehoe Director of Water Resources San Francisco Public Utilities Commission October 1, 2015

2 San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) Water: delivering high quality water every day to 2.6 million people Power: generating clean energy for vital City services Wastewater: protecting public health and the environment 2

3 Types of Alternate Water Sources for Non-potable Applications Wastewater from toilets, dishwashers, kitchen sinks, and utility sinks Precipitation collected from roofs and abovegrade surfaces Wastewater from clothes washers, bathtubs, showers, and bathroom sinks Precipitation collected at or below grade Nuisance groundwater from dewatering operations

4 San Francisco s Recycled Water Ordinance Requires dual plumbing for toilet/urinal flushing and cooling in new developments & major alterations over 40,000 SF Irrigated landscapes over 10,000 sf 4

5 Rainwater Harvesting Program Graywater Program Residential Programs

6 SFPUC Incorporates Onsite Water Systems

7 Regulatory Questions Who should set water quality standards? Who should issue permits and provide operational oversight? What type of on-going monitoring and reporting should be implemented?

8 City Ordinance Codifies Program & Streamlines Process SFPUC SFDPH SFDBI SFDPW Program Administration Public Health Construction Right of Way and Mapping Review onsite nonpotable water supplies & demands Administer citywide project tracking & annual potable offset achieved Provide technical support & outreach to developers Provide financial incentives to developers Issue water quality & monitoring requirements Review and approve nonpotable engineering report Issue permit to operate onsite systems Review water quality reporting Conduct Plumbing Plan check and issue Plumbing Permit Inspect and approve system installations Issue Encroachment Permits as needed for infrastructure in the Right-of-Way (if needed) Includes condition on a subdivision map or a parcel map requiring compliance with the Nonpotable Ordinance prior to approval and issuance of said map (if applicable)

9 Multiple Scales & Multiple Sources

10 Streamlined Process Application Construction Requirements Start-Up Permit (90 days) Non-potable Water Engineering Report Construction Certification Letter Temporary Use Permit (9 months) Plumbing Permit Cross Connection Inspection Final Use Permit (annual renewal) Design Construction Operation 10

11 Water Quality Criteria Consistent with State Codes Alternate Water Source Regulation Blackwater Title 22 Graywater Rainwater Stormwater Foundation Drainage California Plumbing Code - NSF-350 California Plumbing Code - Table No state codes - SFDPH established SFDPH will permit onsite systems and require monitoring and reporting

12 System Construction Purple pipe for treated non-potable water Pipe labeling and signage will identify type Onsite Treated Non-potable, Recycled Water, etc. Consistent with 2013 California Plumbing Code CAUTION: ONSITE TREATED NON-POTABLE WATER USED FOR IRRIGATION

13 System Construction Municipal recycled water/potable water as makeup/backup Same backflow protection requirements as potable Cross Connection Test Required Recycled or potable water supplied by SFPUC ONSITE TREATED NON-POTABLE WATER

14 Operator Requirements Operator must provide adequate operating and monitoring staff, including a signed Affidavit Blackwater systems require certified California Water Environmental Association Level 2 or higher Wastewater Treatment Plant Operator or have comparable education and/or experience

15 Establish Monitoring & Reporting- Permit Requirements Start-Up Temporary Use Final Use Monitoring Reporting Monitoring Reporting Monitoring Reporting Rainwater W M n/a n/a M Y Stormwater W M n/a n/a M Y Graywater W M W M M Y Blackwater D M D M D M D = daily W = weekly M = monthly Y = yearly

16 SFPUC Technical & Financial Assistance

17 San Francisco Project Profiles

18 St. Anthony s Building Source: Rainwater End Use: Toilet & Urinal Flushing Status: System Constructed

19 PG&E Office Building Retrofit Source: Foundation Drainage End Uses: Toilet & Urinal Flushing Status: System Constructed

20 Pier 27 Source: Rainwater End Uses: Toilet & Urinal Flushing and Irrigation Status: System Constructed

21 San Francisco Public Safety Building Sources: Rainwater, Stormwater, & Graywater End Uses: Toilet & Urinal Flushing and Irrigation Status: System Constructed

22 Transbay Transit Center Sources: Rainwater & Graywater End Uses: Toilet & Urinal Flushing and Irrigation Status: Final Design

23 181 Fremont Mixed Use Development Source: Graywater & Rainwater End Use: Toilets & Irrigation Status: Under Construction

24 Moscone Convention Center Expansion Source: Foundation Drainage & Rainwater End Uses: Toilet and Urinal Flushing, Irrigation & Street Sweeping Status: Design

25 Steam Loop Source: Foundation Drainage End Use: Steam Heating Loop Status: Pre-design

26 Cost Estimates & ROI Graywater Treatment Systems $250,000- $500,000 (1,200 gpd-5,000 gpd) Blackwater Treatment Systems $1M- $2.3 M (5,000 gpd- 50,000gpd) ROI: 6-15 years

27 Non-Potable Water Program Mandatory in 2015 San Francisco requires onsite water systems in new buildings over 250,000 square feet Assessment of water sources and non-potable end uses in buildings over 40,000 square feet

28 Modify Grant Program Encourage district water systems Install onsite water systems in existing dual plumbed buildings

29 THANK YOU sfwater.org/np

30 SFDPH Rainwater Water Quality Requirements Measure Turbidity Maximum 10 NTU E. Coli 100 MPN/100 ml Chlorine Residual 1 Odor mg/l Non-Offensive 1. A Chlorine Residual is not required for rainwater systems- use of uv or ozone can meet requirement.

31 SFDPH Stormwater Water Quality Requirements Measure Turbidity Maximum 10 NTU E. Coli 100 MPN/100 ml Chlorine Residual mg/l Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Depends on specific VOC 1 Odor Non-Offensive 1. Stormwater systems require quarterly testing for VOCs to meet acceptable maximum concentration levels (MCLs).

32 SFDPH Graywater Water Quality Requirements Measure Average Maximum ph Turbidity 2 NTU 10 NTU Chlorine Residual mg/l Total Coliform 2.2 MPN/100 ml 200 MPN/100 ml Odor Non-Offensive

33 SFDPH Foundation Drainage Water Quality Requirements Measure Average Maximum Turbidity 2 NTU 10 NTU Chlorine Residual mg/l E. Coli 2.2 MPN/100 ml 200 MPN/100 ml Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) N/A Depends on specific VOC 1 Odor Non-Offensive 1. Foundation drainage systems require quarterly testing for VOCs to meet acceptable maximum concentration levels (MCLs).

34 SFDPH Blackwater Water Quality Requirements Measure Minimum Average Maximum BOD 5 85% removal 10 mg/l 25 mg/l Suspended Solids 85% removal 10 mg/l 30 mg/l ph Turbidity n/a 2 NTU 10 NTU Chlorine Residual mg/l Total Coliform n/a 2.2 MPN/100 ml 23 MPN/100 ml 240 MPN/100 ml Odor Non-Offensive