Sicherung der Versorgungssicherheit in der Zukunft:

Transcription

1 Sicherung der Versorgungssicherheit in der Zukunft: Herausforderungen und Chancen der ganzheitlicher LINK-Lösung Sustaining Security of Supply in the Future: Challenges and Opportunities of the holistic LINK-Solution Albana Ilo TU Wien, Vienna, Austria Institute of Energy Systems and Electrical Drives November 2018, Vienna, Austria 1

2 Are the actual Smart Grid concepts likely to offer a complete Smart Grid solution? A Smart Grid complete solution should guarantee a stable, reliable and costeffective operation of a more environmentally-friendly smart power system. It should also have the ability to ride through the transition phase and further on without causing any problems. Smart Grids are widely elaborated in the last 15 years, but still no complete solution has been found. None of the solutions based on various actual Smart Grid concepts, VPP, icrogrids and Cellular Approach, or their combination fulfils all the evaluation criteria as a whole. However, this study concluded that other concepts and paradigms are needed to provide the complete Smart Grid solution. 2

3 LINK The Smart Grid Paradigm A technical system consists of three major elements: Automation Hardware Communication Electrical appliance Control schema Interface LINK - Paradigm is defined as a set of one or more electrical appliances i.e. a grid part, a storage or a producer device -, the controlling scheme and the LINK-interface. Source: A. Ilo, Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp

4 Energy Supply Chain Net - holistic technical model Energy Supply Chain Net is an holistic technical model for power systems that consists of a set of automated power grids, intended for chain links, which fit into one an-other to establish a flexible and reliable electrical connection. Each individual link or a link-bundle operates autonomously and have contractual arrangements with other relevant boundary links or link-bundles. arket holistic model reflects the technical holistic model. 4

5 Architecture Elements Source: A. Ilo, Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp

6 Generalized Unified LINK-based architecture of smart of smart power power Technical-functional systems and electricity architecture market of smart power systems HV_ Grid - Link (1) Neighbor Grid - Link (2) Neighbor Grid - Link (j) Storage-Link (1) Storage-Link(i) Storage-Link (p) A R K E T HV_ Grid - Link (i) Boundary node Neighbor_Grid-Link(1) TSO DSO cross border TSO DSO cross border Producer-Link (1) Producer-Link (k) Producer-Link (m) A R K E T Storage-Link (1) Producer-Link (1) Storage-Link(i) Storage-Link (p) Storage-Link (1) Storage-Link(i) Boundary node Operation / Study Grid - Link (i) V_ Grid - Link (i) LV_ Grid - Link (i) AGGREGATOR Producer-Link (k) Producer-Link (m) Producer-Link (1) Producer-Link (k) A R K E T Storage-Link (p) Producer-Link (m) A R K E T Customer Plant 6

7 Digitalisation vs. Automation 7

8 DATA EXCHANGE INIIZATION

9 The scheduled data exchange on: a) centralized and b) decentralized architectures TSO TSO Article 25 (HVSO) A H Scheduled data exchange between TSOs, DSOs and Significant Grid Users according to Article 1(5)(a) and Article 1(5)(d)connected to the Distribution Network 1. Each Significant Grid User which is a Power Generating AFacility Owner according to the Article 1(5)(a) and Article 1(5)(d) and with Connection Point to the Distribution Network, shall provide its TSO and/or its DSO with its scheduled unavailability, Active Power restriction and its forecast scheduled Active Power output at the Connection Point. Organization of the data exchange shall be defined according to the key organisational requirements, roles and responsibilities established in Article 16(6) to Article 16(8). G 1 G i 2. Each Significant Grid User which is a Power Generating Facility G DSO 2 G n G 1 G i Owner according to Article 1(5)(a) and Article 1(5)(d) shall provide to its TSO and/or its DSO G 2 G any forecasted n restriction in the Reactive Power control capability. Organization DSO of the data exchange shall be defineda) according to the key organisational b) requirements, (VSO) roles and responsibilities established in Article 16(6) to Article 16(8). Number of exchanged 3 n 4 schedules N Number of Significant Grid Users (Power Generating Facility Owner) Source: Network Code on Operational Security, 24 September 2013, ENTSO-e homepage Source: A. Ilo, Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp

10 Large-scale DER integration in Low Voltage Grids Actual solution In LVGs customers plants are close to each other, and almost homogeneously connected. In this case, the customers smart inverters are used to support the grid operation. All of the actual solutions intended to prevent upper voltage limit violations cause new technical and social problems. LINK-Solution It stipulates that each Grid-Link operator should primarily use its own reactive devices to control the voltage. Source: D.L. Schultis, Volt / var Verhalten von Niederspannung Grid-Link im europäischen Netz Typ, Diplomarbeit, TU Wien, November A. Ilo, D.-L. Schultis, Low-voltage grid behaviour in the presence of concentrated var-sinks and var-compensated customers, Accepted to be published in Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier. 10

11 Actual LINK-Solution solution ICT Neither challenge ICT challenge and data nor privacy data privacy violation violation Customer area DTR Coordinated control control of inductive of PV-inverters devices Customer area Source: A. Ilo, D.-L. Schultis, et al., Effectiveness of Distributed vs. Concentrated Volt/Var Local Control Strategies in Low-Voltage Grids, Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 1382, pp D.-L. Schultis, A. Ilo, A new Volt / var local control strategy in low-voltage grids in the context of the LINK-based holistic architecture, to be published in IEWT, February 2019, Vienna, Austria. 11

12 Overall performance evaluation of reactive power control strategies in Low Voltage Grids with high prosumer share Source: D.-L. Schultis, A. Ilo, et al., Overall performance evaluation of reactive power control strategies in low voltage grids with high prosumer share, Accepted to be published in Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier. 12

13 PEAK LOAD REDUCTION

14 V-Grid-Link and Producer-Link, realized and operated in the framework of ZUQDE project, Salzburg, Austria Reactive power and voltage control 30.0 kv BLiN U cosf=const Q Secondary control Q VG V-Grid-Link Q Q Neighbor HV-Grid-Link cos(f)=const. Operation / Study V-Grid-Link Lungau Neighbor LV-Grid-Link Neighbor LV-Grid-Link Neighbor LV-Grid-Link 14

15 Operation results of V_Grid-Link within the framework of ZUQDE project, Salzburg, Austria. on off Time Voltage and load reduction potential Loading case Supplying transformer loading [W] Voltage reduction [%] Load reduction [%] Day 1: 15:38 avarage 16,7 4,33 6,53 Day 1: 16:00 avarage 17,0 4,67 7,06 Day 2: 21:37 minimal 9,7 4,33 4,67 Day 2: 22:13 night current 12,8 4,33 6,57 This kind of operation enables: - 20% increase of distributed generation without extension of infrastructure - Reduction of direct costs for connecting distributed generation to the grid by 2.6 mil. EURO Source: ZUQDE 2012, final Report. Available: A. Ilo, W. Schaffer, T. Rieder, I. Dzafic, Dynamische Optimierung der Verteilnetze: Closed Loop Betriebergebnisse, VDE Kongress, Stuttgart, Germany, Nov

16 Demand response process: line overload on high voltage grid 16

17 Price driven demand response process

18 Emergency driven demand response process: line overload on high voltage grid HVSO A H HV_Link One line is overloaded. It is required 2% and 6% demand reduction in points A H and B H respectively B H VSO_A V_Link_1 2% demand reduction can be reached by using CVR. No other actions are necessary A2 V_Link_2 Only 5.4% demand reduction can be reached by using CVR. Other actions are necessary B2 LVSO-A LV_Link LVSO-B A1 L LV_Link_1 0.4 % demand reduction can not be realised within the link. Other actions are necessary LV_Link_2 0.2 % demand reduction can not be realised within the link. Other actions are necessary B2 L A2 L -0.01% new set point approved set point Costumer -Link Costumer Customer -Link -Link HU-1001 HU-123 Customer-Link 0.4 % demand reduction by switching off cooling system. No other actions are necessary HU-945 Customer -Link Customer -Link Source: A. Ilo, Link- the Smart Grid Paradigm for a Secure Decentralized Operation Architecture, Electric Power Systems Research - Journal Elsevier, Volume 131, 2016, pp

19 REDUCED RECOVERING PROCESS AFTER TOTAL BLACK OUT

20 Restauration in case of total black out: Power systems using the LINK-based architecture

21 Conclusions All R&D activities made without considering a holistic view of power systems provoke diverging and very complex, ineffective and expensive solutions. In these conditions, the realisation of a solution that guarantees the security of supply of future power systems is almost impossible. The consideration of the holistic LINK-Solution has diverse values: Social value CO 2 emission reduction, because it enables the de-carbonization of the power industry, through the large-scale integration of decentralized energy resources Customers will have the possibility to trade their own electricity with lower CapEx than by using the actually proposed solutions. Utilities CapEx may be postpone, because it enables the full utilization of the existing capacities. Industry partners will be able to produce standardized products at lower cost. AUTOATION is the core of the unified LINK-based holistic architecture, and a prerequisite for the successful market design and the effective implementation of digitalisation. 21

22 Thank you for your attention Albana Ilo TU Wien, Vienna, Austria Institute of Energy Systems and Electrical Drives Telefon: +43 (0) ail: 22