Why Monitor UFP s? Chuck Sarnoski & Betsy Frey Delaware DNREC / DAQ

Transcription

1 Chuck Sarnoski & Betsy Frey Delaware DNREC / DAQ Why Monitor UFP s? While there is considerable toxicological evidence of the potential detrimental effects of UF particles on human health, the existing body of epidemiological evidence is insufficient to conclude on exposure/response relationship to ultrafine particles World Health Organization, 2005 Delaware Division of Air Quality 2 1

2 Why Monitor UFP s? Delaware Division of Air Quality 3 Why Monitor UFP s? The Smallest of Pollutants Are Linked to Outsize Health Risks Can steering clear of particles from traffic fumes protect the heart? By Adam Voiland Posted February 27, 2008 Sitting in traffic triples a person's short term heart attack risk. Living in a city with heavy air pollution such as Los Angeles is as risky for the heart as being a former smoker. And having a house near a highway ups the risk of hardened arteries by some 60 percent. In each case, tiny "ultrafine" particles in the air may be a key culprit. Delaware Division of Air Quality 4 2

3 The Adventure Begins Delaware Division of Air Quality 5 TSI Model 3031 The UFP Monitor measures size classified number concentration of ambient particles Designed for long term, unattended monitoring of ultrafine particle concentration and size distribution in urban air and remote locations Size range 20 to 1000 nm Six channels of size resolution nm, nm, nm, nm, nm and > 200 nm Continuous monitoring with reporting every 15 min Limit 500 to 106 particles/cm3 at 20 nm; 50 to 106 particles/cm3 at 200 nm Delaware Division of Air Quality 6 3

4 TSI Model 3031 Design Features Long term, unattended operation Low start up and operating costs No working fluids, no radioactive source Continuous monitoring with output every 15 min Convenient data management with remote access via the Internet Comprehensive environmental sampling system Delaware Division of Air Quality 7 TSI Model 3031 with Environmental Sampling System Delaware Division of Air Quality 8 4

5 Environmental Sampling System Delaware Division of Air Quality 9 TSI Model 3031 Sampling System Standard PM10 inlet Standardized size selective sampling of outdoor aerosol Sharp cut PM1 cyclone Removes large particles to avoid contamination of UFP Monitor Flow splitter Splits inlet sample flow to enable sub sampling portion of flow into particle measurement system Nafion dryer Conditions sample to remove effects of rh on aerosol Delaware Division of Air Quality 10 5

6 TSI Model 3031 Sampling System Delaware Division of Air Quality 11 TSI Model 3031 Sampling System The Model 3031 allows user selectable sampling system configuration. Delaware Division of Air Quality 12 6

7 TSI 3031 Flow Schematic Delaware Division of Air Quality 13 Differential Mobility Analyzer Delaware Division of Air Quality 14 7

8 TSI 3031 Installation Delaware Division of Air Quality 15 TSI 3031 Roof Inlet Delaware Division of Air Quality 16 8

9 TSI 3031 Sampling System Delaware Division of Air Quality 17 TSI 3031 Delaware Division of Air Quality 18 9

10 Estimated Instrument Cost Model , Sampling System 6, Vacuum Pump Consumables (1 year) 1, Service Contract (1 Year) 4, Total 65, BandAids, Asprin, Psychotherapy Priceless Delaware Division of Air Quality 19 Installation & Operation Concerns No guidance on sampling method Technology experts located in Germany Instrument QA Confidence of reported data Maintenance & Service Delaware Division of Air Quality 20 10

11 OK, you re collecting data now what? How do we get the data? Not currently part of the digital data acquisition system so must be manually collected Data downloaded as ASCII file (direct to local PC or memory stick, or via internet), then imported into Excel spreadsheet and stored on local server New version of DAS should be able to query monitor directly Delaware Division of Air Quality 22 11

12 What does the data look like? Raw data are 15 minute intervals Includes multiple monitor fields, particle count channels, status codes id startscan endscan comment x50a x50b siglna siglnb ca_cb cges ch1 ch2 ch3 ch4 ch5 ch6 bs fs status :00: :14: :15: :29: :30: :44: :45: :59: :00: :14: :15: :29: :30: :44: :45: :59: :00: :14: :15: :29: :30: :44: :45: :59: :00: :14: Delaware Division of Air Quality 23 Data Review Start with basic QC information and records: Maintenance schedule follow recommendations according to operation manual Field checks based on operation manual Monitor field records includes flow and operational parameter checks Delaware Division of Air Quality 24 12

13 Monthly Field Check Forms Date Flow Std. Type Flow Checks and Adjustments Ultrafine Particle Monitor Site Flow Std. S/N Instrument Checks Ultrafine Particle Monitor PARAMETER READING NORMAL RANGE Flow Check and Adjusted Flows Date/Time ± 1 Minute Sample Flow (L/Min) Adj Sample Flow (L/Min) Purge Flow (L/Min) Adj Purge Flow (L/Min) Sheathflow Actual Value Temperature Pressure 19 to 20 l/min 15 to 30 C 76.0 to kpa Aerosol/Electrometer Avg Sample Flow (L/Min) Avg Adj Sample Flow (L/Min) Avg Purge Flow (L/Min) Avg Adj Purge Flow (L/Min) Charger Voltage 2200 to 2400 V Charger Current 990 to 1020 µa Adjust sample flow to within ±0.05 L/Min of 5.00 L/Min. Adjust purge flow so that purge flow plus sample flow adds up to 16.7 L/Min. Comments: Environmental Sampling System Pressure Gauge 11 to 10 PSI Inst. Op. Date Delaware Division of Air Quality 25 Monthly Data Validation Record For validation, if operational parameters are OK, then look at status code column. Raw data spreadsheet: ch1 ch2 ch3 ch4 ch5 ch6 bs fs status Delaware Division of Air Quality 26 13

14 After validation data analysis June 1 7, 2011: 15 Minute Averages PN #/cm /01/ /02/ /03/ /04/ /05/ /06/ /07/2011 Delaware Division of Air Quality 27 Total all six channels and compare to continuous PM2.5 June 1 7, 2011: 15 Minute Averages UFP total Sharp PM UFP PN #/cm Sharp PM2.5 ug/m /01/ /02/ /03/ /04/ /05/ /06/ /07/ Delaware Division of Air Quality 28 14

15 Compile 1 hour averages and compare to PM2.5 June 1 7, 2011: Hourly Averages Total UFP PM2.5 Sharp UFP PN (#/cm3) Sharp PM2.5 ug/m /01/ /02/ /03/ /04/ /05/ /06/ /07/ Delaware Division of Air Quality 29 June 2011 data distribution Delaware Division of Air Quality 30 15

16 Compare MLK and Lewes Delaware Division of Air Quality 31 From: Carly Phelps, MS Urban and Rural Ultrafine Particle (UFP) Data Analysis for Data Collected at MLK (Wilmington) and Lewes, August 2012 Delaware Division of Air Quality 32 16

17 Summary Ease of operation does not equal ease of interpretation. When problems arise, they seem to be obvious and easy to detect in the data. Not a lot of experience at other states/agencies yet; limited number of contacts in US. Just beginning to explore dataset, early evaluations indicate lots of potential. Delaware Division of Air Quality 33 17