From Zero Energy Buildings to Zero Energy Districts

Transcription

1 From Zero Energy Buildings to Zero Energy Districts

2 Why districts? The district is the optimal scale to accelerate sustainability small enough to innovate quickly and big enough to have a meaningful impact. EcoDistricts Urban Development Districts are living laboratories from which fundamental knowledge about urban processes and practical implementation practices can be learned, adapted, and generalized to other districts -PCAST 2016 Quote: Photo by Dennis Schroeder Quote: 2

3 Scaling Zero Energy Zero Energy Buildings Zero Energy Districts Arrow Circle image from National Western Center Master Plan 3

4 Why approach Zero Energy at larger scales? Waste Heat Factory and electrical icon by istockphoto.com, Apartment building and rest of illustration by Marjorie Schott, NREL 4

5 Why approach Zero Energy at larger scales? Factory and electrical icon by istockphoto.com, Apartment building and rest of illustration by Marjorie Schott, NREL 5

6 Why approach Zero Energy at larger scales? System Time Sharing Illustration by Marjorie Schott, NREL 6

7 Why approach Zero Energy at larger scales? System Time Sharing Illustration by Marjorie Schott, NREL 7

8 National Western Center, Denver, CO Regeneration Goal of Net Zero Energy Images and Graphics Provided by City and County of Denver 8

9 National Western Center Phase 1 ❶ New bridges at 49 th and 51 st Streets ❷ CSU Water Resources Center & S Platte Riverfront ❸ Relocated National Western Drive ❹ Stock Yards & Stock Yards Events Center ❺ NWC Transit Station ❻ Shared Use/TOD Parking Structure Images and Graphics Provided by City and County of Denver Phase 2 ❼ Livestock Center ❽ Equestrian Center ❾ CSU Equine Sports Medicine Clinic ❿ Livestock Exchange Building/Flex Space ⓫ NWSS Maintenance Facility ⓬ Brighton Boulevard Phase 3-8 ⓭ Stadium Arena Market ⓮ Colorado Commons ⓯ CSU Center ⓰ Trade Show/Exposition Hall ⓱ New Arena ⓲ Coliseum Site Redevelopment Image credit: 9

10 National Western Center Image and Graphic Provided by City and County of Denver 10

11 National Western Center Image Provided by City and County of Denver 11

12 National Western Center Image Provided by City and County of Denver 12

13 Sun Valley Neighborhood, Denver, CO Graphic Provided by Denver Housing Authority 13

14 Zero Energy District Design Principles Maximize Building Efficiency Maximize Load Control Maximize Solar Potential Maximize Renewable Thermal and Heat Recovery 14

15 Maximize Building Efficiency Optimize Orientation and Natural Lighting Maximize Enclosure Efficiency Minimize Misc. Electric Loads Install High Efficiency Lighting and Controls Employ District- Connected HVAC 15

16 Maximize Solar Potential Minimize Building-to- Building Shading Minimize Other Systems that Require Roof Space Shade Parking with PV Improve Potential for Off-Grid Resiliency 16

17 Maximize Renewable Thermal Energy and Waste Heat Recovery 17

18 Maximize Load Control 1000 Hourly Electricity Use (+) and Production (-) (kw) Car Charging Total cooling Total Lighting (kw) Total Plug Loads (kw) Total Mechanical (kw) Total Data Center (kw) PV (kw) Net Building Utility Draw (kw) Uncontrolled Load Profile for a Zero Energy Office Building 18

19 720 KW 50 KW 1,156 KW 449 KW 408 KW 94 KW 524 KW How much PV is needed? Where will it be located?

20 720 KW 50 KW 1,156 KW 449 KW 408 KW 94 KW 524 KW Does the density support a central district ground source heat pump system? Multiple smaller systems?

21 URBANopt Site Buildings District Systems Scenarios Run Results Energy master planning of Zero Energy Districts Developing underlying modeling capabilities Working to implement user interface mockups in

22 OpenStudio City Modeling Framework 22

23 URBANopt Site Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 23

24 URBANopt Buildings Adjust building height, orientation and location to maximize solar potential Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 24

25 URBANopt Buildings Quickly add prototype buildings Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 25

26 URBANopt Building Design Alternatives Explore energy efficiency alternatives Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 26

27 URBANopt District Systems Represent the physical size and location of PV arrays and other district systems Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 27

28 URBANopt Results Mockup by Marjorie Schott, NREL Commercial Buildings 28

29 Resources DOE Building Buildings Accelerator tive.energy.gov/accelerators /zero-energy-district From Zero Energy Buildings to Zero Energy Districts. Ben. Polly; Charles F. Kutscher; Dan Macumber; Marjorie. Schott; Shanti Pless; Bill Livingood; Otto van. Geet (2016) Proceedings of the 2016 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings: From Components to Systems, From Buildings to Communities, August 2016, Pacific Grove, California 16 pp NREL/CP

30 Thank You! Paper Co-Authors (all NREL): Chuck Kutscher Dan Macumber Marjorie Schott Shanti Pless Bill Livingood Otto Van Geet Special Thanks: Paul Torcellini and Peter Turnbull City and County of Denver Denver Housing Authority ACEEE Peer Reviewers Matt Jungclaus (RMI) Nancy Carlisle (NREL)