3 May MHP Design Aids: SARI Regional Micro Hydro Workshop: 2010/04/20-23

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3 Introduction Sources of the Design Aids Objectives of the Design Aids Design Aids: Typical Drawings Design Aids: Spreadsheets Program Briefing: Basic Assumptions Use of Design Aids in MHPs List of References Other Design Aids

4 The Design Aids: A set of typical drawings and typical spreadsheets useful for Nepali micro (100kW) and mini (up to 1000kW) hydropower schemes up to feasibility study level. Distribution: Electronic Format. Format: Simple and user friendly. Targeted Audience: All qualified practicing MHP Stakeholders (Consultants, Installers, etc.). Focus 1: Aimed at NOT replacing the skills and knowledge of the consultants/stakeholders. t ld Focus 2: Quality reports by using the saved time. SHAREWARE: and share them.

5 MGSP/ESAP guidelines and standards. SHPP/MGSP reviews/assessments/appraisal / i of the presented reports (PF >400, DF>150, Peltric ~60). Technical and logistic assistance to 70 SHPs (up 10MW). Feedbacks from all the stakeholders such as Reviewers, Consultants, Developers, Manufacturers and Installers. Experience from other projects. Standard textbooks, guidelines and standards.

6 T: Time Saver for precision and speed (e.g. hydrological calculations based on exact flow measurement date, Q flood off take, friction of penstock, etc.). R: References (MHP design) for Consultants to use their skills and creativity. External references are minimized while designing U: Uniformity in data presentation and to the required depth. T: Templates and not a readymade design set. H: Handy and user friendly AutoCad Drawings and MS Excel spreadsheets (Familiarity)

7 SN Drawing Name 1 01 General Layout.dwg 2 02A Side Intake Plan.dwg 3 02B Side Intake Sections.dwg 4 03 Drop Intake Plan.dwg 5 04 Headrace.dwgdwg 6 05A Gravel Trap.dwg 7 05B Settling Basin.dwg 8 06 Headrace Canal.dwg 9 07 Forebay.dwg Penstock Alighment.dwg anchor & Saddle Blocks.dwg Powerhouse.dwg Machine foundation.dwg Transmission.dwg i Single line diagram.dwg

8 SN Title / Remarks 1 Project Location, District Map & Catchment Area 2 Project Layout, sheet 1 of 2, Plan 3 Project Layout, sheet 2 of 2, Profiles 4 Weir, Intake and Gravel Trap, sheet 1 of 3, plan and sections 5 Weir, Intake and Gravel Trap, sheet 2 of 3, plan and sections 6 Weir, Intake and Gravel Trap, sheet 3 of 3, plan and sections 7 Settling Basin, sheet 1 of 2, plan and sections 8 Settling Basin, sheet 2 of 2, plan and sections 9 Plan and Profile and Typical Sections/Similar for penstock alignment 10 Anchor Blocks, sheet 1 of 2 11 Anchor Blocks, sheet 2 of 2 12 Saddle Support 13 Powerhouse Plan and Sections 14 Geological Mapping, sheet 4 of 4 15 Single line diagram

9 Consistent and compatible drawings. Minimum required standards are incorporated so that all the presented drawings are complete and the stakeholders can understand the contents. Minimum required details such as plans and enough cross sections. Recommended values such as the minimum thickness of a stone masonry wall, the longitudinal slope of a settling basin, etc. Standard line types and symbols to all the drawings. Elements such as the title box with all the information and controllers; scale; etc. All drawings with standard layouts for a printer (may have to be changed as per the actual available printer).

10 rd Free Boar NWL Spillway (Min 50mm above the NWL Stone masonry in (1:4)cement mortar HFL Free Board Backfilling NWL 1 : 2 Flushing Gate A Wc Tc Tc Stone masonry in ( 1:4 ) cement mortar B NWL+50mm min B 1 : 30 L=4 to 10 B SECTION A-A Scale A Flushing Gate Settling zone 1:30 C Min 200mm RC (M20) 0.3 m stone soling Flushing Canal B L=4 to 10*B 1:10 C 1 2 A Hflus sh Stone masonry in( 1:4 ) cement mortar Hbasin=Hwater+Hstorage Slope FB Min 500 SECTION AT B-B Scale A NWL SECTION AT C-C Scale A SCALE Project Name Developer Name of Consultant GRAVAL TRAP PLAN Drawing Title Scale MHP A Design Aids: SARI Regional Micro Hydro Workshop: 2010/04/20-23 Design By Drawing No Gravel Trap Flushing Gate Scale: Backfilling Min 500

11 C B D C D A B Entec AG,

12 Start and End Input Processing formulas and output Processing and output from other sub routine Conditional nal branching Flow direction

13 1. Discharge calculations 2. Hydrological calculations based on MIP and Hydest methods 3. Weir Design 4. Side intake. 5. Bottom intake. 6. Settling Basin/Gravel Trap/Forebay with spilling and flushing systems. 7. Conveyance canal: multiple l profiles and sections. 8. Conveyance pipe: multiple profiles and sections. 9. Penstock with power calculations. 10. Anchor Load. 11. Anchor Block. 12. Turbine selection. 13. Selection of electrical equipment. 14. Machine Foundation. 15. Transmission / Distribution line calculations. 16. Loads and benefit calculations. 17. Costing and financial analyses. 18. Utilities: uniform depth, loan payment calculations, etc.

14 Iterative process: Assume Xo Y =f(x): X=f`(Y) Is e=< Yn+1 Yn Yes End No X=X+h Iteration in Excel Tools->Options->Calculations>Tick Iteration (cycles & h)

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17 Macros (actions performed internally (may be a virus) are turned off by default Tools => Macros=> Security=> Medium (to turn on for the Design Aids)

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19 Individual vs. linked spreadsheets: Common inputs (name of the project, flood discharge, etc.) are linked by default. Can be modified for different projects (SideIntake=> Sisne, Hydrology => Gothi ). Standard vs. User Specific Inputs: Standard optimum inputs (FB for canals, FS for MS pipe, etc.). Can be specific non standard values for specific reasons. Interpolated Values Interpolated values (Kbend, Cd, etc.) with the help of curve fitting/trend line (Confirm!).

20 Errors NAME#: Not enabling macros (custom functions and procedures). Set the macro security level to medium, close the spreadsheet and reopen it. VALUE#: Malfunctioning circular references. Select the erroneous cell, press F2 and Enter. Cell notes AEPC and other general guidelines Computational procedures Formulae References for input

21 Cell Text Conventions: Blue cells = Mandatory input (head, etc) Red cells = Optional input (sed. Density, etc) Black cells = Information/Output (protected) Data Validation: Some inputs such as the name of the month, MIP hydrological region and dates in Hydrology have to be exactly the same as the predefined values. Errors will be flagged for invalid inputs. Pull Down menus Pull down menus for standard d values (Manning s n). Users can modify if data validation in not specified.

22 Cell Notes

23 Cell Formula

24 Colour coding of cell texts

25 Types of Inputs: User/Project r specific c inputs: such as the name of the project, gross head, etc. Prescribed inputs: The program offers choices for standard inputs such as the Manning s coefficient of friction for different surfaces. Users are allowed to input their specific values. Mandatory inputs: Inputs that have to be validated.

26 Use with common sense. May need a simpler version. Drawings: All MHP drawings can be used. Use of bottom intake not common in South Asia. May be used in existing irrigation i canal bypass. Spreadsheets: All spreadsheets except Hydrology (made for Nepal). Bottom intake with care. Load Benefit (made for Nepal as per AEPC guidelines). Costing and Financial (made for Nepal as per AEPC guidelines).

27 1 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal (2002), Peltric Standards 2 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal (2003), Preliminary Feasibility Studies of Prospective Micro-hydro Projects 3 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal(2001), Technical Details and Cost Estimate 4 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal(2003), Guidelines for Detailed Feasibility Study of Micro- Hydro Projects 5 European Small Hydropower Association (1998), Layman's Guidebook on How to Develop a Small Hydro Site 6 BPC Hydroconsult, Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG), Kathmandu, Nepal (2002), Civil Works Guidelines for Micro-Hydropower in Nepal. 7 United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Report on Standardiztion of Civil Works for Small Hydropower Plants

28 8 GTZ/Department of Energy Development, Energy Division, Papua New Guinea, Micro Hydropower Training Modules (1994), Modules 1-7, 10, 13, 14 & 18B. 9 Americal Society of Civil Engineer (ASCE), Sediment Transportation. 10 KB Raina & SK Bhattacharya, New Age International (P) Ltd (1999), Electrical Design Estimating and Costing. 11 Badri Ram & DN Vishwakarma, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi (1995), Power System Protection and Switchgear. 12 Adam Harvey et.al. (1993), Micro-Hydro Design Manual, A guide to small-scale water power schemes, Intermediate Technology Publications, ISBN Allen R. Inversin (1986), Micro-Hydropower Sourcebook, A Practical Guide to Design and Implementation in Developing Countries, NRECA International Foundation, 1800 Massachusetts Avenue N. W., Washington, DC Helmut Lauterjung/Gangolf Schmidt (1989), Planning of Intake Structures, GATE/GTZ, Vieweg.

29 15 Methodologies for estimating hydrologic characteristics of ungauged locations in Nepal (1990), HMG of Nepal, Ministry of Water Resources, Water and Energy Commission Secretariat, Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. 16 Design Manuals for Irrigation Projects in Nepal (1990), Planning and Design Strengthening Project (PDSP), His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Water Resources, Department of Irrigation. United Nations Development Programme (NEP/85/013)/World Bank. 17 Salleri Chialsa Small Hydel Project (1983), Technical Report, DEH/SATA, ITECO. 18 P.N. Khanna (1996), Indian Practical Civil Engineer's Handbook, 15th Edition, Engineer's Publishers, Post Box 725, New Delhi Small Hydropower Promotion Project

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