SCIE 4104E - Environmental Systems Science. Tarendra Lakhankar NOAA-CREST Center, The City University of New York

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1 SCIE 4104E - Environmental Systems Science Tarendra Lakhankar NOAA-CREST Center, The City University of New York

2 About Class This course focuses on Earth as a system and explores the interdependent relationships among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere and lithosphere. We will learn essentials climate variables that connects these system components. We will also learn human intervention and their impact on some of the variables. Domain Atmospheric (over land, sea and ice) Essential Climate Variables Surface (6): Upper-air (5): Composition (5): Pressure, Air temperature, Precipitation, Surface Radiation Budget, Water vapor, Wind speed and direction. Cloud properties, Earth radiation budget (including solar irradiance), Upper-air temperature, Water Vapor, Wind Speed and Direction. Aerosol properties, Carbon dioxide, Methane, Ozone, Other long-lived greenhouse gases. Oceanic Terrestrial (16) Surface (10): Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure, Current, Ocean Color (for biological activity), Sea Ice, Sea level, Sea state, Sea-surface salinity, Sea-surface temperature (SST), Ocean Acidity, Phytoplankton. Sub-surface (8): Carbon, Current, Nutrients, Ocean tracers, Salinity, Temperature, Ocean Acidity, Oxygen. River discharge, Water use, Ground water, Lakes, Snow cover, Glaciers and ice caps, Permafrost and seasonally-frozen ground, Albedo, Land cover (including vegetation type), Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR), Leaf area index (LAI), Above Ground Biomass, Fire disturbance, Soil moisture, Ice Sheets, Soil Carbon.

3 Environmental Systems Science Class 2

4 Class 3 Temperature: Measurements, Instruments (thermometer, satellite sensors), Calibration, protocol

5 Temperature: Trends, variability, global warming Class 4

6 Temp = m * R + Constant Satellite Sensors - Comparison of VIS and IR

7 Class 5 Hydrology: Precipitation, Soil moisture Instruments (Probe, Satellite Sensors), and calibration, applications, methods, measurements Weather prediction modeling Hydrological modeling Flash flood warnings Soil erosion/ mud slide Improving crop yield (Irrigation scheduling) Optimize use of agro-chemical.

8 Class 6 Atmosphere: Cloud Type, Cloud Cover, Precipitation, Evaporation, measurements (ground/satellite/radar).

9 What Do Satellite Sensors See? VV, IR & Thermal IR MW (low frequencyemission by rain) MW (high frequencyscattering by ice) ICE Mixed Radar Liquid

10 Rainfall Estimates from Multi-sources of Observation TRMM NASA EOS MODIS VIS, NIR, IR ASTER, CERES MW, IR TMI, PR, VIRS VIS, NIR, IR SOUNDING NOAA-M POES-M Precipitable Water AMSU- MW Radar Gauge

11 Class 7 Water quality: Temperature, conductivity, turbidity, salinity, monitoring and measurements

12 Water Quality using Satellite

13 Class 8 Ecosystem: "Ecological" and " system", that is the collection of biotic (plants, animals and microbes) and abiotic (like air, water and mineral soil) components linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.

14 Class 8

15 Class 10 Mapping (GIS): Introduction to basic use and analysis using ArcGIS for creating maps.

16 Class 11 Mapping (GIS): Use of environmental data for analyzing and creating graphs and maps, and importing satellite images.

17 Class 12: Field Experiment Water quality: Field experiment sampling and measurement of temperature, turbidity, salinity, ph and other parameters.

18 Class 13: Hands-on-activities Several hands-on-activities will be carried out in park.

19 Group Research Project Presentation Class 14 Under research group project activity each group will have 3-4 students. The project topic will be decided based on mutual discussion between group and instructor. Student will be using GIS software to produce maps for group project. The grading for this activity is based on final outcome of project (1) 5-6 page report and (2) PowerPoint presentation (9-10 slides).

20 Final exam will be mix of: (1) multiple choice questions, (2) mathematical related problems, and (3) drawing charts/graphs/maps. Class 15: Final Examination

21 Extra Slides

22 How to Search research paper

23 Citing a paper in report