GOOD PRACTICE EXCHANGE INTEGRATION OF GREEN GROWTH AND LOW EMISSION INTO URBAN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING. Hanoi, 15 December 2016 DOCUMENTATION REPORT

Transcription

1 GOOD PRACTICE EXCHANGE INTEGRATION OF GREEN GROWTH AND LOW EMISSION INTO URBAN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING Hanoi, 15 December 2016 DOCUMENTATION REPORT

2 Table of Content I. INTRODUCTION... 3 II. VIETNAM URBAN GREEN GROWTH: CHALLENGES AND ACTIONS... 4 III. LOW EMISSION ORIENTED URBAN PLANNING... 5 IV. EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PLANNING APPROACHES IN VIETNAMESE CITIES... 5 V. SPEECH OF DR. NGUYEN QUANG, HABITAT PROGRAMME MANAGER VI. GROUP DISCUSSION... 12

3 I. INTRODUCTION Presenter: Dr Hung VLED Project Coordinator Project background Objectives of the event UN-Habitat cooperates with the Urban Development Agency (Ministry of Construction) to organize the Good Practice Exchange on Integration of green growth and low emission

4 into urban development planning on 15 December 2016 in Hanoi. The workshop aims to create spaces for cities to share their experience on green growth-low emission oriented policy development and implementation, then identify cities need, challenges, opportunities and resources to implement those strategies effectively, with support from Central authority, ministries and development partners. II. VIETNAM URBAN GREEN GROWTH: CHALLENGES AND ACTIONS A presentation by Urban Development Agency, Ministry of Construction 1. Urbanization Scenario in Viet Nam: 795 cities, in which 2 special cities and 17 type I cities are the ones that have highest emission possibility. 2. National Green Growth Strategy (Decision No 1393/QD-TTg dated Sept. 25, 2012 ) and National Green Growth Action Plan (Decision No 403/QD-TTg dated March 20, 2014) show the strong national efforts on green growth and low emission development. - Urban Development Agency has cooperated with UNHABITAT in many initiatives such as projects in Danang or Tam Ky city, with an aim to introduce green growth city models to Vietnam. 3. Urban Green Growth Challenges: - Climate Change -How to Take the Opportunity to Reform? Adaptive? Resilient? - Infrastructure and Connection Linkage? Logistic Effectiveness? - Urban Morphology? - Urban Upgrading and Development? Inclusiveness 4. Urban Green Growth Actions - In January 2017: Ministry of Construction is projected to issue a circular prescribing sets of indicators for urban green growth as well as implementation guidance. - In 2017, Ministry of Construction plans to submit Vietnam Urban green growth Plan to the Government. - Vietnamese Government plans to issue Law on urban development. 5. Partnership and Collaboration - Identify 5 implementation steps: (1) Developing of Urban Green Growth Strategic Framework and Roadmap (2) Identification of UUG Monitoring and Implementation Indicators (3) Preparation of UUG Guidelines and Best Practice Analysis (4) Training and Capacity Building (5) Prioritized Investment - Vietnam Urban Development Agency shows strong efforts and commitment in collaborating with international partners towards green growth and low emission development.

5 III. LOW EMISSION ORIENTED URBAN PLANNING A presentation by Ms. Laids Mias Cea, Regional Coordinator, CCCI Asia Pacific, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) 1. Background on low emission oriented urban development - The effects of urbanization and climate change are converging in dangerous ways that makes cities and towns heavily vulnerable to climate change. - Urban planning should manage both mitigation and adaptation to achieve resilient and sustainable urban development. - Urban planning should carefully analyze sourses of GHG by sectors when integrating green growth and low emission development. 2. Experience and Practice on local actions on climate change in cities/towns - 6 steps in key local level processes - GHG emissions are influenced by decisions made at all scales. Low emission strategy may be achieved through (1) Improved spatial plan and (2) Improved sector plan and design - Case study: (1) Retrofitting of buildings Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; (2) Clean development mechanism pilot project in Khayelitsha Township, Cape Town; (3) Sorsogon City Case Energy and transport efficiency project (small scale). IV. EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC PLANNING APPROACHES IN VIETNAMESE CITIES Da Nang city s experience in realizing green growth and low emissions goals A presentation by Dr. Nguyen Phu Thai, Director General, Danang Institute for Socio-Economic Development (DISED) 1. Concept of Green Growth Path Danang recognize the concept of Green Growth in the broad sense: Not only controls and prevents environmental pollution but also aims to preserve natural resources, creates new sources of renewable energy; Not only ensures clean environment but aims to reduce the Dr. Nguyen Phu Thai is giving the presentation. Photo by UN-Habitat. impacts and adapt to climate change; Not only grows on the basis of economic-cost trade off, but also aims to green, eco-friendly technologies; Not only increases the income but also narrows the wealth gap.

6 2. Towards Green Growth Although Danang has yet built a concrete action plan following the National Green Growth Action Plan, almost its planning policies are green growth oriented. - In every of its 5 breakthroughs, there is a specific action plan towards green growth. - In every adjustment of the general planning, the city puts concrete criteria of green growth. - Green growth oriented economic structure transition: larger division of tourism and service. - Research to construct a visionary City Development Strategy: (1) have more pilot projects of green growth and low emission development; (2) recognize the core city of Dang as the old city center as well as building new urban areas; (3) establish the transportation linkage between cities, serving an aim to develop Danang to become an economic, transport and logistics center of the region. - Resources and environment: (1) Decision on Developing City of Danang City of environment in 2008, (2) Experimenting project with the support from JICA: Turn sludge into compost, (3) Plan of mutual cooperation and assistance between Danang city and Quang Nam province on water security, (4) Biodiversity preservation on Son Tra peninsula: Danang has chosen the red-shanked douc langur as its mascot. - Trade: Green growth by developing clean and organic food, to create trade opportunities. - Transportation: Raise the issue of underground transportation system; Have parking lot planning; Recommend study on policies to restrict personal vehicles; Provide 5 free new bus routes for all passengers. - Energy: Implement the project of Energy saving and Application of renewable energy in the period Climate change response: Danang announced the Climate Change Resistance Strategy which focuses on storm-resistant houses and micro-finance insurance. 3. Conclusion: - Review lessons learned: (1) lack of vision planning and (2) lack of public private partnership. - List a number of concrete strategies and steps to show strong commitment and efforts of Danang in the coming time towards green growth and low emission development. 4. Q&A - Question 1: In 2010 when we audited, the city s lighting bill was 22.5 billion of Vietnamese dong. In your presentation, you mentioned the lighting bill of Danang was 10 billion of Vietnamese dong per year. I would like to ask which year does this figure belong to? If the figure was of recent years, this would be a very encouraging result. - Answer: Yes, this is the data of 2 years ago. Lighting is both to serve the needs of local

7 residents and to contribute to the promotion and development of tourism of Danang. The city has innovated to use the nano-technology in lighting in recent years, which sharply reduced the lighting cost to only around 10 billion per year. Tam Ky City towards green growth and climate change resilience A presentation by Mr. Nguyen Minh Nam, Vice Chairman of Tam Ky City People s Committee (Vice Mayor) 1. SWOT analysis for Tam Ky s green city construction 2. Vision to 2050: Green capital city Implementation of sustainable development and green growth strategy, with the following strategic missions: - Create an urban environment with linkage between educational centers and businesses - Develop industrial zone - Enhance dynamic and attractiveness of city center - Preserve agricultural production zone and natural green area - Preserve and promote water and mountain space Tam Ky City Vice Chairman Mr Nguyen Minh Nam is giving the presentation. Photo by UN-Habitat. - Develop sustainable agriculture forestry aquaculture, disaster prevention and climate change resilience - Promote safety therapy combined with waterway transport - Construct city symbiosis with mountain, sea, lake and river environment - Develop symbiosis with mountain, sea, lake, and river environment - Strengthen cultural eco-tourism development 3. Q&A a. A comment from a representative of Vietnam Association of Architects: Tam Ky is a small city with beautiful natural assets. So, preserving its precious nature and overcoming the urbanization traps are also reducing emissions effectively. I m impressed by the positive and concrete green growth plan of the city. I hope that Tam Ky will successfully implement these strategies to become a green city, serving as a good example for other urban areas on their paths towards green growth and low emission development. b. A question from Ms. Laids Mias Cea: Thank you for your presentation. It shows a lot in terms of your strategies and plans, and it shows a lot of emission deduction potentials. I

8 just wonder if you already have a GHG profile or a base-line? I m asking because there might be good opportunities to bring in innovative technology that could help you implement this strategy, but without the baseline perhaps it s going to be more difficult to measure what practical actions can be done. - Answer from Mr. Nam: As I have just presented, Tam Ky proposed to the Government to institutionalize green growth indicators. Regarding the emission issues, the city has only conducted researches at a narrow scale, so we have not had the green-house gas emission baseline. c. Comment from Ms. Vu Thi Kim Thoa, Chief of Party, Vietnam Clean Energy Program (VCEP), Winrock International. Within our working program with the Ministry of Construction, we have a component of calculating the emission baseline, in collaboration with Urban Development Agency and Technical Infrastructure Agency. There are many indicators in urban emissions. Among them, emissions from urban infrastructure system, particularly emission baseline from more than 600 Ms. Vu Thi Kim Thoa, Winrock International. Photo by UN-Habitat landfills from all provinces is calculated by Ministry of Construction. We have the data from Quang Nam province, so I m sure that the data from Tam Ky city under Quang Nam province is also available. In addition to waste emission baseline, we can now calculate the emission baseline of water supply, waste water and urban lighting. The data of urban lighting is limited to only 32 cities, and unfortunately I cannot check right now whether Tam Ky s urban lighting emission data is available or not. All in all, currently Ministry of Construction owns both the means and experts to be able to calculate the baseline. In the next 2 months, Ministry of Construction is projected to report about the emission baseline to the Ministry of Planning and Investment and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Can Tho City: Integration of green growth and low emission into urban planning Presenter: Mr. Huynh Van Sau - Deputy Director of Can Tho City's Department of Construction 1. Introduction of Can Tho city and its implementation of the National Green Growth Strategy - Can Tho is a central city of Mekong Delta. Can Tho is the region s focal point in term of infrastructure (social and technical), with strong education, health, service, trade and

9 tourism system serving for the whole region. In addition, Can Tho is the regional transportation focal point, a trade gateway of region to the whole country and surrounding areas. - The City People s Committee has organized and realized it in Decision 22/KH-UBND dated 26 December 2013 by City People s Committee on implementation of National Target on Green Growth in period, vision to 2050 (Decision 22/KH-UBND) and Decision 45/KH-UBND dated 12 May 2014 by City People s Committee on implementation of National target on Green growth in period in Can Tho city (Decision 45/KHUBND). In addition, the economic restructuring projects has also been issued and put in program since Can Tho s general plan has identified sustainable development based on local characteristics and conditions as the main perspective; Climate change adaptation, including reduction of flooding and sea level rise impacts; development in spatial relation with Mekong Delta While institutionalization of green growth strategies and actions, Can Tho city also has the advantage regarding timely approach on overall plan concepts and outputs. 2. Can Tho s future strategic plan towards green growth There are necessary steps to change people s awareness to create spreading effects, starting from improve regional and local human resource: - Provide in-depth training to change the awareness of both policy makers, managers and practitioners, and potential human resource from institutes and universities, together with businesses and local people (Can Tho is a regional training center with traditional and qualified facilities) - Investment on the sector using innovative technology, allocating large proportion of Central government support to economic restructuring (not only for research, but also to attract new technological application). - Be creative when implementing green growth and low emission integrated plan. To issue practical policies and mechanism to encourage the implementation at each level. 3. Documentary film presentation: (1) Ninh Kieu pedestrian bridge and clean river provide new vitality for the city (2) Can Tho s community-based tourism development 4. Further contribution to challenges and urban development orientation of Can Tho City presented by Madame Vo Thi Hong Anh, Vice Chairwoman of City People s Committee

10 Can Tho has many traditional cultural values. Thus, urban planning should pay careful attention to preserve these precious assets, such as Ninh Kieu quay, Con Son, Cai Be floating market, etc. Can Tho is severely influenced by climate change impacts such as salinization, low sediment, erratic rain. Thus, the city s development planning should carefully manage the mitigation and adaptation of climate change, turning challenges into opportunities. - Can Tho s transportation linkage to Ho Chi Minh City is very limited. There s a strong need to develop the proper technical infrastructure linkage with Ho Chi Minh city and Mekong delta cities. V. SPEECH OF DR. NGUYEN QUANG, HABITAT PROGRAMME MANAGER Distinguished participants, Thank you for your informative presentations and discussion. Please allow me to share some comments and thoughts on the issue of Vietnam s urban development. Today we are here to discuss ways to reduce greenhouse gas emission which is an overall problem of the current urban development. It is the fact that we are facing Mr. Nguyen Quang, UN-Habitat Vietnam. Photo by UN-Habitat Madame Vo Thi Hong Anh. Photo by UN-Habitat. Photo by UN-Habitat new challenges of urbanization. But to have low emission development, it does not mean that we should reduce economic development, but find ways to, at the same time, both reduce emission and bring prosperity and sustainability for urban Vietnam. Cities are the resource for national sustainable development. This issue has also been raised in the Habitat III Conference that I attended in Quito, Ecuador on October The year 2016 is an important milestone, as we start the implementation of 17 new MDGs which were discussed and committed by nearly 200 state leaders all over the world, including Vietnam. The Habitat III Conference pointed out that since the current urbanization rate is over 50% around the world, there s a new question arisen, that is, how to make urbanization not a global problem but the solution to address other global problems such as climate

11 change, international security, economic crisis, lack of energy, and so on. The answer to that question is Green Growth to both reduce emissions and create a new boost to the economy. I can take Korea as a good example, since the country encountered an economic crisis in 2007, but then followed innovative strategies to enter a new successful economic development stage. So, I m convinced that we should not recognize low emission development or climate change as difficulties; but they should be viewed as opportunities for us to create a new leap or a new change in the thinking towards economic development. The Habitat III Conference produced a new agenda focusing on some essential points. Fundamentally, it is necessary to have a national strategy on urban development issues. Currently Vietnam Urban Development Agency - Ministry of Construction is responsible for constructing the urban development strategy, with major supports from UN-Habitat and Asian Development Bank. In my opinion, this national strategy needs essential commitment at the central government level, which means that it should be linked to the national development strategies and assigned official resources for development. There are there most important urban issues raised at the global conference that Vietnam also puts much interest in. The first is urban planning: how to construct a visionary and consistent urban planning to serve as the direction and control tool, as well as enabling conditions for comprehensive and non-conflicting infrastructure development. It will also be a good base to call on resources from all other stakeholders. Currently there are some interesting models such as TOD development or compact cities - cities with a certain level of compression for the most effective land use. Secondly, it is the issue of urban law and regulations. Without appropriate regulations on urban development, it will lead to major informal activities or environmental destruction activities. Thirdly, urban financing should be taken into serious account. Government should develop an urban financial system so that cities can have autonomy on building their resources. It means that there s a need for institutional reform which will give cities new dynamic tools to develop their own resources. For example, urban development companies under the local government can actively exploit the land fund to build and provide infrastructure. These are the most basic contents of the Habitat III conference which were discussed not only at national but at the global level. Green growth and Low emission development were addressed at Habitat III conference with specific examples, such as public space. I m very pleased to see that the issue of public space has received much greater attention from Vietnamese cities, since this is the place to nurture new ideas and create a lot of added value added for the cities. For example, Can Tho city has renovated its Ninh Kieu Bridge with new dynamics, which also brought added value to the land. Tam Ky city is now building more public spaces and green trees to develop tourism; and particularly the project of Tam Thanh Mural Village with the support from UN- Habitat has brought new vitality to the city s tourism development. In Da Nang city, there s a project of constructing City Development Strategy towards green growth, supported by UN-

12 Habitat and Sungkyuwan university. I m convinced that with the commitment of the city and support from international partners, we will learn a lot from development process to methodology, in order to exploit the social assets and underlying value of the city for sustainable development. All in all, the objective of the workshop is to create a platform for cities to share experiences and discuss both challenges and opportunities in order to find essential solutions and decide better changes for our cities and country towards a prosperous and sustainable direction. On behalf of UN-Habitat, I would like to thank you for your enthusiastic participation in the workshop so far, and hope that we will collect further fruitful results in the coming discussion session. VI. GROUP DISCUSSION 1. Discussion rules: - Divide participants into 3 groups by counting off 1 to 3 - Group discussion to answer the questions on the poster - Use the words/phrases prepared in advance, then write additional answers in blank. Arrange answers according to priorities - Assign someone who will be the group leader. The leader will stay on to discuss with other groups when they visit the group when the facilitator asks groups to rotate. - Run rotation, other groups will provide more inputs 2. Questions: - What are the challenges and opportunities in pursuing LED actions for small and medium size cities? - Why green growth and low emission oriented urban planning and development? (motivation, opportunities, relevance) - How can city level skills and capacities be supported to be able to pursue GG-LED Actions? 3. Answers 1. What are the challenges and opportunities in pursuing LED actions for small and medium size cities? a. Opportunities: - Learn from international experience - Go and learn from experience abroad - Access external climate change funding support b. Challenges - Compliance to laws and policy - No financial resources and funding - Lack of personnel/ technical support - City government and leaders are already

13 - Support local economic development - Encourage private sector investment at the city level - Improve air quality - Leaders interest on the topic - Construct more infrastructure (roads, bridges, etc) - Improve people s mobility - Improve safety and security - Look exciting to transform my city - Contribute to Poverty reduction - To be consistent with provincial targets - To plan new city extension area - Promote disaster risk reduction and management - Economic viability - Energy efficient building and housing - Land readjustment - Improve public transport - Guide on LED for local leaders busy with many tasks - Lack of support from national government agencies - Limited knowledge on LED option to take - It s just an additional tasks - It s not mandatory so we are not required - Develop GHG Baseline data/ profile - Limited sociological survey inputs for urban planning - Lack of international connection and commitment - Lack of regional connection - Trend of imposing subjectivity - Problematic existing urban planning - No financing authority related to GG- LED 2. Why green growth and low emission oriented urban planning and development? (motivation, opportunities, relevance) - Improve people s mobility - Improve public transport - Promote environmental sustainability - Follow what national government wants to do - To be consistent with national government targets - Make a model city - Energy efficiency - Develop GHG baseline data/profile - Looks exciting to transform my city - Promote Disaster risk reduction and management - Access government funding for GG-LED activities and investments - Have feasible and sustainable urban planning 3. How can city level skills and capacities be supported to be able to pursue GG-LED

14 Actions? a. Policies - Dialogue on City and Sub-national roles in NDC or Paris Agreement implementation in Vietnam - National policy and regulations on GG-LED - Improve coordination with the provincial authorities - Urban financing authority - Specific and precise urban policy - Improve implementation of VGGS - Policy advocacy - Management tool: set of indicators on GG-LED - Participatory approach - Amendment of existing policies and regulations c. Training/ workshop topics - Training on Planning LED Actions - Training on Urban development and Climate change - Training/Seminar on Adaptation and Mitigation Nexus - Knowledge on the INDC - Cash in from Waste to Energy - Training on Project proposal development b. Partnership - Direct partnerships between city and development partners - Technical advisory - Consultancies - Joint proposal development d. Resources - Expertise - Funds - Natural assets - Facilities 4. Photo

15 Discussion results of Group 1. Photo by UN-Habitat Discussion results of Group 2. Photo by UN-Habitat

16 Discussion results of Group 3. Photo by UN-Habitat