Mexican public programs of water management. G-WADI more than a decade enhancing water and sustainable development for arid regions

Transcription

1 Mexican public programs of water management G-WADI more than a decade enhancing water and sustainable development for arid regions October, 2016

2 Outline Mexican statistics. National programs about water management: 1. PRONACOSE 2. PRONACCH 3. PROCAPTAR

3 Mexican Statistics Source: Statistics on Water in México, 2015 Geographical and demographic aspects Territorial Surface million km² Political division Population 2014 Projection 2030 s t a t e s Million people Million people municipalities Dynamics: Population increase and concentration in cities In 2014 Mexico has metropolitan a r e a s of the population of the country is concentrated in metropolitan areas million people in extreme poverty

4 Mexican Statistics The state of water resources Precipitation Normal mm mm Clima t e Hydro-meteorological phenomena Hurricanes: cyclones with a wind speed equal to or more than a k m / h Renewable water resources Water that can feasibly and sustainably be used in a region Droughts: rainfall lower than the normal levels of a region Source: Statistics on Water in México, 2015 Mexico 2014 : hm3 per year

5 Hurricanes historical tracks Between 1970 and 2014, 220 tropical cyclones hit Mexico HURRICANES ATLANTIC SINCE 1851 PACIFIC SINCE 1949 Graphic data 2014

6 Source: Statistics on Water in México, 2015 Mexico s vulnerability due to geographic location

7 National programs Mexican Water Management PRONACOSE (Droughts) PRONACCH (Floods) PROCAPTAR (Rainwater harvesting) Background Objectives Current actions Future work

8 PRONACOSE

9 PRONACOSE Background In 2011 the worst drought since 1941 was presented. It was necessary to take measurements of social, economic and fiscal policies. In that year it was implemented: Strategy for attention of the states affected by drought and in 2012: Agreement for the instruction of actions to mitigate the drought effects through the federal entities. In 2013 was designed and implemented the National Program Against the Drought (PRONACOSE). The main objective is to identify actions that allow to make opportune decisions to prevent and mitigate the drought at basin council level.

10 COMPONENTS Elaboration of PRONACOSE (to implement the guidelines) PRONACOSE Components Drought monitoring To develop the indicators of the drought condition Prevention programs (PMPMS) Measures to prevent and face the drought at basin levels Drought attention Interinstitutional Committee To monitor the actions of the government agencies in order to face the drought Mitigation Committee of experts To evaluate PRONACOSE and to make recommendations 10

11 PRONACOSE Gear of drought management Current actions Drought Drought vulnerability Source: I.I. UNAM, 2016 Drought types Index Temporal resolution Meteorological SPI 1 y 3 months Hydrological SPI X SRI 6 months Agricultural SPI X SSI 3 y 6 months

12 PRONACOSE Future work Evaluate and improve all the components of drought management. To publish the New guidelines of evaluation and reduction of drought effects. In case of drought, to emit the Drought Emergency Agreements. To define the final products of the Drought Monitor, in order to agree with the other components. To launch de complement of the Drought Monitor. To update the PMPMS, in order to improve the prevention and mitigation actions at basin council level. To update the drought vulnerability, in order to fit in the Gear of drought management. Source: Statistics on Water in México, 2015

13 PRONACCH

14 PRONACCH Components Monitoring, surveillance, forecasting, and early warning Hydrometeorological emergencies management Components Flood Risk National Atlas Flood prone areas determination Federal Zone Dams Operation Rules

15 PRONACCH Current actions Between the 2013 and 2016 it has been developed an amount of 55 Flood Risk National Atlas Presa Tepuxtepec (20 septiembre 2016) Foto: Víctor Hugo Alcocer Yamanaka Presa Solís, 20 septiembre 2016 Foto: Víctor Hugo Alcocer Yamanaka It has been accomplished the update and standardization of 50 procedures of gates operation in dams of major risk. It has begun a program of standardization of 156 extraction policies in dams of free spillway, nowadays, it has finished 40 procedures.

16 PRONACCH Future work To complete the Flood Risk National Atlas and Operation policies. To redesign the legal technician instruments for risk regulation of hydraulic infrastructure. To develop an Alert Protocol (CAP) implementation for populations located in flood prone areas, using mobile technology. Source: Statistics on Water in México, 2015

17 PROCAPTAR

18 PROCAPTAR Background Human right to water and sanitation Criteria: to sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water

19 PROCAPTAR Objectives To decrease the multidimensional poverty Drainage Fresh Water Access to basic housing services Electricity To increase the coverage of water and sanitation in rural areas Coverage of water in Mexico Coverage of drainage in Mexico Coverage of sanitation in Mexico Fuel Source: CONEVAL, Mexico, 2015

20 PROCAPTAR Current actions Pilot test 2015: States: Guerrero, Oaxaca and Veracruz 423 rainwater harvesting systems (1,692 beneficiaries) 70 sanitation systems Objectives of 2016: Estimated investment: $42.5 Million USD Between 45 a 50 thousand beneficiaries

21 PROCAPTAR Future work Depending on the results of this year it is going to be determined the investment for 2017 and 2018, in order to attend the major quantity of beneficiaries.

22 Juan Carlos Centeno Álvarez