60 YEARS OF DISTRICT HEATING CHP, SOLAR AND ELECTRICITY TO HEAT

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1 60 YEARS OF DISTRICT HEATING CHP, SOLAR AND ELECTRICITY TO HEAT Kim Behnke Deputy Director Danish District Heat Association

2 Danish District Heating Association 400 Heating companies 99% District heating supply Kolding 1.7 mill. Buildings with district heating Copenhagen 13% Price reduction in 3 years 53% Renewable energy

3 A wheel? No, it s a heating pipe! Ha ha ha District Heating has ben here for decades and is still a part of the future!

4 DISTRICT HEATING IS NOT NEW Roman legionaries in Britain Hot geothermal water in Chaudes-Aigues Cantal in France app. 500 B.C commercial District Heating in USA First plant in New York based om steam 1893 first plant in Europe Plant in Hamburg with a DH distribution system, based on cooling water from power generation 1903 first plant in Denmark Use of heat from waste incineration in Frederiksberg near Copenhagen together with a new hospital.

5 FROM BLACK TO GREEN ENERGY 100% RE by 2050 Fuel free energy Biomass and biogas Intelligent utility with ICT Power to heat and recycling heat Efficiency and coherent cooperation

6 IT S ALL ABOUT WEALTH Human wealth and comfort requires energy with focused on; Energy sustainability Energy savings Energy efficiency Energy conversion Energy storage We need intelligent usage and behavior to ubtain the good life. Wealth = Energy + Ideas Number of humans

7 CITIES BASED ON RENEWABLES Illustration fra Energinet

8 URBANIZATION = MEGATREND We want to live in large cities To live in large cities is a goal for many people. High density of humans and activities requires intelligent and sustainable solutions. Energy must be supplied in a secure and connected system based om environmental friendly harvest of energy. Present and future Past

9 1987 Shanghai expands The World largest city 25 million inhabitants. Urbanization is a global trend Mega cities with substantial need for power, heat, cooling, fresh air, water, water treatment, transportation and a decent life. There is a need for intelligent utilities.

10 HARVEST OG THE CITIES OWN ENERGY

11 INTELLIGENT ENERGY SUPPLY Example. Denmark has 900 water treatment plants Water supply Climate adoption Sewage Grey water Water treatment Point source Sludge Heat Pump Biogas Gas engine District heating Bio Methane Power District heating

12 CHP IN DENMARK 460 units generates district heating Heat units and industrial units. Central and decentralized plants. Manny different fuels Coal, biomass, natural gas, waste and biogas. Solar thermal, power to heat and a little geothermal. Large penetration km district heating pipelines 65% of buildings uses district heating.

13 DISTRICT HEATING FROM CHP LARGE AND SMALL PJ Industrial, CHP Industrial, heat only District heating from power plant cooling water is still a large share

14 DISTRICT HEATING FROM OIL TO MULTIPLE FUELS PJ Electricity for heat pumps Coal Renewable energy Natural gas Waste non biodegradable Oil Change in fuel used for district heating generation

15 FROM FUELS TO NO FUELS Fossil fuels Fossil share of waste Natural gas Oil Coal RE fuels Agricultural waste Biogas Biomass o Straw (annual) o Wood chip (years) o Wood pellets (years) o Biodegradable share of waste Fuel free heat Recycling heat Solar thermal Geothermal Power (from RE) o Heat pumps and electric boilers

16 MULTIPLE SOURCE ENERGY SYSTEM Coal Oil Natural gas Heat and power Biogas Waste (fossil) CHP District heating Wood chips Wood pellets Straw Boilers Direct Power Solar thermal Recycling heat Conversion District cooling Heat pumps Wind power Storage Geothermal

17 LEGO model of Brædstrup CHP with 8,000 m² / 5.6 MW Solar thermal

18 SOLAR THERMAL USES LES LAND 100% of the district heating from solar thermal in Crailsheim, Germany, 32,000 inhabitans Har vi plads til solfangerne? Jagstheim App. 400 acres are needed to cover heat demand with biomass App. 21 acres are needed to cover heat demand with solar thermal. Kilde: Solites, City of Crailsheim

19 LARGE STORAGE OF HOT WATER Dam store highly efficient with solar thermal Coverage for solar thermal increases from 20% to 50% with a storage. Vojens Fjernvarme generates 50% of the district heating from 70,000 m 2 solar thermal and a 203,000 m 3 dam store. Opened in VEKS are designing a 60,000 m 3 storage for day balancing. Aalborg Forsyning are designing a 1,000,000 m 3 seasonal storage.

20 DON T FORGET TO ENJOY LIFE Energy supply is important to maintain the modern life. The most distributed energy is your own combustion of food. Energy makes life worth living. Don t forget that even the most advanced Smart Energy is nothing compared with the positive energy of being together with your loved one.

21 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION Dansk Fjernvarme Fjernvarmens Hus Merkurvej Kolding Tlf mail@danskfjernvarme.dk