b. A country s population was 50,000 and experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants. What is the growth rate?

Transcription

1 Population APES Review Worksheet- Fall Final Exam 1. Use the axes to the right for the following: a. Draw and label a line that represents logistic growth. Label carrying capacity. b. Draw and label a line that represents exponential growth. 2. Define the term ecological footprint 3. Write an equation for the rule of 70: Time 4. Perform the following calculations: (Show all of your work in a logical progression to the final answer.) a. A city has a population of 50,000 in If the population of the city grows at an annual rate of 2%, the year in which the population will reach 100,000 is and the year it will reach 200,000 is. Show work: b. A country s population was 50,000 and experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants. What is the growth rate? Show work: 5. Complete the following table by writing high or low in each box below. More Economically Developed Characteristic Counties per capita GDP degree of industrialization infant mortality rate per capita fossil fuel use ecological footprint greenhouse gas emissions risk from heart disease risk from infectious diseases 6. Identify three examples of renewable resources and three examples of nonrenewable resources. (1) (1) Renewable: (2) Nonrenewable: (2) (3) (3) 7. Define the following: a. total fertility rate b. replacement level fertility c. infant mortality rate d. crude birth rate e. crude death rate 8. Describe the circumstances that will result in a Tragedy of the Commons. Give an example. Less Economically Developed Countries 9. Describe an example of a positive feedback loop and an example of a negative feedback loop.

2 Rate / Population size 10. Use the axes below to draw and label lines representing the birth rate, death rate and total population size during the idealized demographic transition of a country. Include, written directly onto the graph, an explanation for each change in the birth rate, death rate and total population size. Time 11. On the axes below, draw and label an age-structure diagram that represents slow growth, rapid growth, negative growth, and zero population growth. 12. Explain each of the 3 survivorship curves. 13. List three consequences of global warming. (1) (2) (3) 14. List four greenhouse gases. (1) (3) (2) (4) 15. Identify three examples of biotic components of an ecosystem and three examples of abiotic components of an ecosystem. (1) (1) Biotic: (2) Abiotic: (2) (3) (3) 16. Complete the following table for these biogeochemical cycles: Trait Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorus Water Importance to life Largest reservoir Major Steps 17. Match the following: a. generalist species Zebra mussel b. specialist species Galapagos tortoise c. invasive species American Alligator d. keystone species Tiger salamander e. indicator species Norway rat f. endemic Species Giant Panda

3 18. Define the term biodiversity. 19. Sketch and/or label the following on the map of the world below: a. the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (label the type of plate movement involved) b. the location of suppressed upwelling characteristic of the occurrence of El Niño c. the Ring of Fire (label the type of plate movement involved d. Location that heavily relies on desalination- know the two types of desalination also e. Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone- know why this happens f. San Andreas Fault (label the type of plate movement) 20. Complete the following table: Type of Biome Typical Location Typical Climate Characteristic adaptations for survival Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Deciduous Forest Taiga (Boreal) Forest Tropical Grasslands (Savanna) Temperate Grassland (Prairie) Tundra (Cold Grassland) Desert 21. Describe the circumstances that will result in cultural eutrophication as well as how it leads to reduced DO.

4 22. Explain the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leads to ocean acidification. Use the information in the diagram on the left, to answer the following: The percent change in the per capita global production of protein from poultry between 1980 and 2000 was approximately. 23. Rachel Carson wrote the book to raise people s awareness of the harmful effects of the pesticide. 24. Strengthen this weak statement: Fossil fuel use releases pollution, which warms the earth. 25. What is the equation for finding Net Primary Productivity? 26. Briefly describe each: Clean Air Act: Clean Water Act: Endangered Species Act: CITES: 27. The box to the right contains a crude depiction of a mountain, use it to sketch and label the essential atributes of a rain shadow. Include labels for the direction of the prevailing winds and nearest ocean. 28. List two characteristics of an r-selected species. (1) (2) 29. List two characteristics of a K-selected species. (1) (2) 30. Complete the following table: Ecosystem Component An economically valuable ecosystem services it provides honey bee water cycle forest bacteria coral reef wetland

5 31. Two islands, different distances from the mainland have different rates of extinction, this is explained by the theory of island. 32. Arrange the following particles in order of smallest to largest: clay, sand, silt (1) (2) (3) What is the relationship between porosity and permeability? 33. List four 4 components of the Green revolution. (1) (3) (2) (4) 34. Match the following: a. anemia iron deficiency b. goiter vitamin A deficiency c. protein Kwashiokors d. blindness iodine deficiency 35. Describe the pesticide treadmill. 36. Explain how the biomagnification of DDT led to the (near) demise of the Bald Eagle population in the US. 37. List three things you could do to conserve water. (1) (2) (3) 38. Complete the following chart. Mining Technique Description Environmental consequences Open-Pit mining Subsurface mining Strip mining (Area and Contour) Mountaintop removal 39. Strengthen this weak statement: Mining causes pollution that may disrupt the environment. 40. What is different about growing plants hydroponically? 41. Explain what a watershed is and why it is significant. 42. List two environmental benefits of wetlands. 1) 2) 43. Explain what an El Niño event is and why it is significant. 44. What was the GENE Revolution (1 st and 2 nd ) and why is it important?

6 45. Label the four major zones of life in the appropriate areas on the diagram representing a temperate lake in the box to the right. Give 1 major characteristic of each zone. 46. What is the difference between oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes? 47. What is the relationship between temperature and density of air, water, and magma. What does this have to do with air currents, ocean currents, and magma convection? 48. Draw and label the four major zones of the ocean with 1 important characteristic of each. 49. Explain the relationship between the 1 st and 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics and Energy Flow through a food chain. 50. Give advantages and disadvantages to the following: Advantages Topic Disadvantages Feedlots (CAFOs) Aquaculture GMOs Organic Agriculture IPM Locavore 51. What impact does the Coriolis Effect have on major air currents and cyclone-winds? 52. Design a simple experiment and determine the independent and dependent variable. 53. Describe or sketch the events of primary succession. Label the pioneer species and climax community. 54. Describe or sketch the events of secondary succession. Label the climax community.

7 55. Determine the type of soil from the following info: 50% silt, 30% clay, 20% sand= 56. Describe each of the types of agriculture and soil conservation methods: High Input Plantation Subsistence No-Till Terracing Alley Cropping Windbreaks 57. List 3 alternatives to synthetic chemical pesticides that could be used as part of an IPM plan Describe how each rock would turn into the other with the Rock Cycle. 59. Match each of the following. Density Dependent Limiting Factor Example. Density Independent Limiting Factor Example. Mutualism. Commensalism. Parasitism a. Natural Disasters b. 1 benefits, the other is harmed c. both organisms benefit d. 1 benefits, the other is unaffected e. Disease, Resources 60. Explain how soil salinization occurs and how waterlogging can help. 61. List the following time periods in order from most current to backwards in time: Paleozoic, Cenozoic, Mesozoic, PreCambrian **Scientists now define current times as the Anthropocene. What does this mean?