, Steadman. Vol. 30,No. 5 May,2008 RESOURCES SCIENCE : (2008) : ; : :,E2mail ac.

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1 RESOURCES SCIENCE Vol. 30,No. 5 May,2008 : (2008) ,2, 1, 1 (1., ; 2., 10049) : GIS, 1km 1km,,,, :,, ;,, 12, ; (6 ), 1Π3 ; 12, 1 % ;, %, %, % %, 1162 % 0116 %, : ; ; ; ; 1, [3 ] [8 ] 90,,, [9 11 ] [1 ], Steadman 1920 [12 ] ; [2 ], Thom1959 Bosen [13,14 ] ;, [3 ] ;1966 Terjung [15 ] ; [4] ;1973 J. E Oliver 44 [2,16,17 ] [5] ;1979 Steadman, [6,7],,,, : ; : : ( : KZCX22YW2323) :,,,, :,E2mail ac. cn

2 : 649,, 1km 1km, GIS,, ;,, ;, 2,,,,4 4, 211 (THI) [2 ],, ( K) Bedford,Siple Court Thomas2Boyd [3 ],,, 33, (kmolπm 2 h) THI K : THI = T (1 - f ) ( T - 58), T = 118 t + 32 (1) K = - (10 v v) (33 - t) s (2) : t ( ) ; T ; f ( %) ; v 10m (mπs) ; s (hπd) 1 [17 ] 9, C A b B, ; c d e ;D E , 730, ARCΠGIS,, 1km 1km ,,, 1km 1km,,, ARCΠINFO,, 1km 1km 3 (1) (2), ARCΠGIS, 1km 1km, 12, ( 1), 1km 1km, 1 1km 1km 1 [ 17] Table 1 The biometeorology grade standard of THI and K (THI) ( K) < 40, < , e 40 45, , d 45 55, , c 55 60, , b 60 65, , A 65 70, , B 70 75, , C 75 80, , D > 80, > 80, E

3 ,,, 5 % ;, km 2, % ,,, km 2, % ;, km 2, % ;, 4 411, ( 1), (1km 1km),,, C A b B, ARCΠGIS 2 Table 2 The area and ratio of suitable period divided according to THI and K ( ) ( 10 4 km 2 ) ( %)

4 : 651 1km 1km 2 2,,,, 12,, 5, % ;, % ; (6 ) km 2, 34 %, % ; 12, 1 % 412 1km 1km,,, 5 :,, 0 ;, 1 4, 0 ;, 5 6, 10, ;, 7 8, 15, ;, 9, ,, 3 3,, 2000,,, ( 4) : (1) km 2, 1Π12 ; , %,, 264 Πkm 2 ; (2) km 2, 1Π7 ; , %,, 237 Πkm 2 ; (3) km 2, 2Π5 ;

5 Table 3 The criterion of climate suitability for Human Settlements evaluation ( ) ( ) 4 Table 4 The climate suitability evaluation of Human Settlements in China ( 10 4 km 2 ) ( %) ( 10 4 ) ( %) ( Πkm 2 ) % % ;, ; (2),, 12,, ; 5, %, 12, 1 % ; (3) ; %, %, % %, 1162 % 0116 %, ( References) : , 3Π5,, 190 Πkm 2 ; (4) km 2, % ; , 1162 % ;,, 16 Πkm 2 ; (5) km 2, % , 0116 %,, 1 Πkm 2, 5, GIS, 1km 1km, ;, ;,,, : (1) ;, 5 %, km 2, % ; km km 2, [ 1 ],,. [J ].,2002,30(1) : [LIU Mei, YU Bo, YAO Ke2ming. The progress of human comfort research and its application prospect [J ]. Meteorological Science and Technology, 2002, 30(1) : ] [ 2 ],. [J ].,1998,13(4) : [ FAN Ye2zheng, GUO Lai2xi. The climate suitability of tourism at the coastline destinations of China [J ]. Journal of Natural Resources,1998,13(4) : ] [ 3 ]. [M]. :,1986. [ XIA Lian2 bo, Human Biometeorology[M].Beijing : Meteorology Press, ] [4 ],. [J ]., 2005,25 (5) : 1 4. [LIAN Li2shu, LI Zhi2fu. Analysis of tourism climate resources in Shandong Province [J ]. Shandong Meteorology, 2005,25 (5) : 1 4. ] [ 5 ] John E. Oliver. Climate and Man s Environment2An Introduction to Applied Climatology[M].New York : John Wiley and Sons INC, [ 6 ] Steadman R G. Assessment of sultriness, Pt. 1, A temperature2 humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science[j ]. Applied Meteorology, 1979, 18(7) : [ 7 ] Steadman R G. Assessment of sultriness, Pt. 2, Effect of wind, extra radiation, and barometric pressure on apparent temperature [ J ]. Applied Meteorology, 1979, 18(7) : [ 8 ],,.. [M]. :,1984. [LU Ding2huang, CUI Sen, LI Chong2he. The Influence of Beijing Urban Greening and Summer Microclimatic Conditions on Human Fitness[M]. Beijing : Forestry and Metrology Papers, ] [ 9 ],. [J ]., 1991,6 ( 3) : [ ZHANG Jian2guang, FENG Yun2fei. A study of the climatic pleasantness evaluation of Guizhou Province[J ]. Tourism Tribune, 1991,6 (3) : ]

6 : 653 [10 ]. [J ].,1997, (4) : [LV Wei2lin. The apparent temperature and its calculation method[j ]. Beijing Metrology, 1997, (4) : ] [11 ],. [J ]. ( ),1998, (3) : [ WANG Yuan2fei, SHEN Yu. The temperature2humidity effect and human comfort in Shanghai summer [ J ]. Journal of East China Normal University ( Natural Science), 1998, (3) : ] [12 ],. [J ].,1990,13 (1) : [ FENG Ding2yuan, QIU Xin2fa. Calculation and analysis of the apparent temperature in the four seasons over China[J ]. Journal of Institute of Metrology, 1990, 13(1) : ] [13 ],. [J ]., 1999,19 (3) : [ WANGJin2liang, WANG Ping. Climatic comfort index for tourism in Zhongdian, Yunnan [ J ]. Tropical Geography, 1999, 19(3) : ] [14 ],,. [J ].,2002,22 ( ) : [ WANG Jin2liang, WANG Ping, JIANGLian2fang. Study on climate comfort degree of Human Settlements in Kunming[J ]. Economy Geography,2002,22(Suppl. ) : ] [15 ]. [J ]. ( ),1999,20 (3) : [LIU Pei2lin. Study on the climate comfort2index of human settlement in the rural of China [J ]. Journal of Hengyang Teachers Colloge ( Natural Science), 1999,20 (3) : ] [16 ],. [J ]. ( ),2005,21 (2) : [ YU Shan, DAI Wen2 yuan. Tourism climate evaluation of Fujian Province[J ]. Journal of Fujian Normal University ( Natural Science Edition), 2005, 21 (2) : ] [17 ],,. [J ].,2007,29(1) : [LIU Qing2chun, WANG Zheng, XU Shi2yuan. Climate suitability index for city tourism in China[J ]. Resources Science, 2007, 29(1) : ] Evaluation of Climate Suitability for Human Settlement in China TANG Yan 1,2, FENG Zhi2ming 1, YANG Yan2zhao 1 (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China ; 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Abstract: Climate is an important factor influencing population distribution and suitability for human settlement. Using a climate suitability analysis including temperature humidity index ( THI), wind chill index ( K) and GIS technology, this paper calculates THI and K for China at a 1km 1km grid size. Spatial distribution analysis is then used to evaluate climate suitability for human settlement. Results show that THI and K decrease gradually from southeast to northwest. Based on THI, most of China s area in January is unsuitably cold, and the region suitable for settlement is less than 5 % of the total national area, while in July, the total area with suitable climate is %. Based on analysis of K, the area of suitable climate includes % of the country in January, and % in July. The annual period of suitable climate is longer when analyzed in terms of K rather than THI. There are significant regional differences, with a 122month period of suitable climate in hilly regions of China s southeast and the southeastern Yungui Plateau. The Tibetan Plateau and Tianshan area have the shortest period of climate suitability. The predominant length of climate suitability in China is five months per year, which is characteristic of % of the country s total area, while areas that have suitable climate for all 12 months are most limited, covering less than 1 % of the country. In general, climate suitability for human settlement declines from southeast to northwest, and from hilly regions and plains to plateaus and mountain areas. The total area classified as suitable for human settlement covers an area of 312 million km 2, % of China s total area, and contains a population of 1124 billion ( % of the total population), indicating that China s human population is concentrated in regions with suitable climate. Key words :THI ; K; Climatic suitable period ; Climate suitability, China