Carbon Capture and Storage A Transition from Fossil to Non-Fossil Energy CRSES Discussion Forum Capetown 12Nov10

Transcription

1 Carbon Capture and Storage A Transition from Fossil to Non-Fossil Energy CRSES Discussion Forum Capetown 12Nov10 Dr (Prof) A D Surridge Senior Manager Advanced Fossil Fuels Head: Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage SANERI tonys@saneri.org.za

2 South Africa Primary Energy 2

3 South Africa Electricity Capacity 40, ,000 MAJUBA PALM IET 30,000 KENDAL MATIMBA Megaw att Installed 25,000 20,000 15,000 LE T HA B O TUTUKA KO EB ER G DRAKENSBERG CAHORA BASSA DUHVA 10,000 5,000 0 WILGE VEREENINGING UM GENI VAAL COLENSO KLIP SOUTH COAST CONGELLO CENTRAL WEST BANK SALT RIVER HEX R IV ER BRAKPAN R O S HE R V ILLE GROOTVLEI INGAGANE GEORGE WITBANK KO M A TI CAMDEN TAAIBOS HIG HV ELD VIERFONTEIN MATLA ACACIA PORT REX VAN DER KLOOF KR IEL GARIEP ARNOT HE N D R IN A Year

4 Energy & Climate Change Activities THREE TYPES OF ENERGY CCS TRANSITION

5 Energy & Environment

6 Storage Geological Formations 6

7 World Projects SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG 7

8 Technology Development It is not a question as to whether the technology works We know it works Been operating at many sites for decades It is a scale-up issue Integrity of Storage Site SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG 8

9 South Africa Carbon Dioxide Emissions Projection

10 CO2 Emissions in South Africa DME/CSIR Report

11 CO 2 Emissions Quantification Mt % Emission SEQUESTRABLE Electricity Industrial Other Energy Manufacturing Mt 61 % Synfuel Industry ~30 million tonnes ~95% CO 2 NON-SEQUESTRABLE Waste 10 6 Agriculture Fugitive Transport Heat Production ` 159 Mt 39 % Total 408 DME/CSIR Report

12 1 South African Centre for Carbon Capture & Storage Established 30Mar09 Core Parties Participants coal

13 CCS in South Africa Time/Scale CCS Potential Carbon Atlas Test Injection Demo Plant Commer cial DONE s thousands tonnes 100s thousands tonnes millions tonnes 5 year Charter 1 3

14 Mission Country Readiness Enablers in place that facilitate the implementation of carbon capture and storage Preliminary Potential Investigation DONE YES THERE IS POTENTIAL OBJECTIVE: CCS Demo Plant Operational by

15 Geological Storage Atlas Geological Storage of Carbon Atlas Definitive Information Regarding Geological Storage Potential Undertaken by Council GeoScience Some Data from Petroleum Agency Financially Supported by: PetroSA AngloCoal Eskom Sasol SANERI Inception Meeting 4Sep08 Launched 10Sep

16 Geological Storage Atlas Further Invest n ATLAS PREVIOUS 1 6

17 CO 2 Geological Storage Atlas Identifies Potential CO 2 Geological Storage Regions Launched by Minister of Energy 10Sep10 1 7

18 CO 2 Geological Storage Atlas Potential Storage Areas Four Geological Basins Un-mineable Coal Seams Geological Basins 1) Orange Basin off-shore 2) Outeniqua basin off & on-shore 3) Zululand Basin off & on-shore 4) Karoo Basin on-shore Not considered in current Atlas Low porosity, low permeability and dolerite intrusions Under further investigation 1 8

19 Summary Potential Storage [excluding Karoo] 150Gt 98% Offshore Need 4Gt to Store 40Mt/year Further Investigation: Karoo under further Investigation [starting with IEA GHG] Zululand Basin to Effective Level [UK Govt - end Mar2011] Onshore Outinequa Basin to Effective Level [Europe Aid start Feb2011] WHERE TO NOW 1 9

20 Test Injection [Proof of Concept] Enablers SCOPING STUDY ATLAS

21 SA Long Term Mitigation Scenario Mitigation cost as share of GDP 1.5% 1% Threshold 1.0% % Without 14 industrial efficiency % % % % 7 8 With 3 4 industrial efficiency -2.0% % - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 Mt CO2 reduced, Limit on low-efficiency vehicles 1 +Passenger modal shift 2 +Improved vehicle efficiency 3 +SWH subsidy 4 +Commercial efficiency 5 +Residential efficiency 6 +Industrial efficiency 7 +Cleaner coal 8 +Nuclear 9 +Escalating CO2 tax 10 +Renewables 11 +CCS 20 Mt 12 +Subsidy for renewables 13 +Biofuels 14 +Electric vehicles in GWC grid 15 +Hybrids Mitigation costs as share of GDP, for runs of combined wedges -each time adding another as in list at right SOURCE: LTMS 2 1

22 Low Carbon Choices Energy Efficiency Nuclear Renewable Energy Fossil Fuel with CCS INDUSTRY Carbon Emission Limitations 2 2

23 Full details available at