Conlogic Transport logistics and environment

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1 Transport logistics and environment Magnus Swahn

2 What is green? Local (PM, HC) Regional (NOx, SOx) Global (GHG) Energy (Fossil) Relative numbers Absolute numbers Other external effects Noise Land use Congestion Accidents Infrastructure etc Energy demand Transport 96% dependence on fossil fuels

3 Environmental performance calculation principle Data capturing Methods -System boundaries -Allocation rules Emission models -Fuels -Engines -Fumes after treatment Supply chains Transport activities Traffic activities Data Calculations Results -Absolute numbers -Relative numbers Defaultdata Verified sources

4 4 What is green? - Performance by size of transport mode kg C O 2 p er p alletkm Num ber of pallets

5 5 What is green? - Performance by utilization and optimization CO2 performance of a trailer with a Euro 4 tractor Emissions [g CO2/tonkm] Utilization [%]

6 6 What is green? - Performance by fuel consumption Factors affecting fuel consumption Size Load Speed Distance Driver Traffic Topography Thermo equipment Motor/Engine Fuels quality

7 7 What is green - Performance by techniques and fuels life cycle Nox [g/kwh] NOx [g/kwh] Year Truck engine regulations LNG-ship - NOx -89 % -CO 2 20 %

8 Performance 8 A C E G B D F H I Transport mode [g/tkm] [g/tonne] Shipment [tonne] Distance [km] Transport work [tkm] Total [kg] A Parcel truck B Terminal C Truck D Terminal E EU-train F Terminal G Truck H Terminal I Parcel truck Total KPI [g/tkm] 73 51

9 The impact of nodes in the supply chain Node cargo handling energy use benchmark Electricity Activity Average Average Max Min Definition Source 1 Source 2 Unit [kwh/tonne] [g/tonne] [kwh/tonne] [kwh/tonne] Light, conveyers, charging etc [kwh/tonne] [kwh/tonne] Road terminal, dry cargo Road terminal, temperature controlled cargo Road terminal, frozen cargo Air terminal, dry cargo Air terminal, temperature controlled cargo Air terminal, frozen cargo Sea terminal, dry cargo Sea terminal, temperature controlled cargo Sea terminal, frozen cargo Rail terminal, dry cargo Rail terminal, temperature controlled cargo Rail terminal, frozen cargo Warhouse, dry cargo Warehouse, temperature controlled cargo Warhouse, frozen cargo KPI electricity [g/wh] Swedish average electricity 6 EU average 410 Fuels and heating Activity Average Max Min Definition Source 1 Source 2

10 Performance Labelling relative performance in supply chain Fossil GHG-emissions [< gramme/tonnekm] Zero Ultra Low Very Low Low Reduced Businees standard The service in corridor fulfills Reduced GHG-emission transport service

11 11 Standardisation process CEN PCR/EPD

12 CEN standardisation process Scope This standard provides a common methodology for the calculation, declaration and reporting on energy use and GHG emissions of transport services. It specifies guidelines, general principles, definitions, system boundaries, measurement rules (allocation), calculation methods, and data sources recommendations. The direct user of this standard is any person or company who sells or arranges a transport service (of goods, passengers or both), in particular: Passenger carrier Freight carrier Freight forwarders Time A first draft of the standard will be presented on September 22 at the next CENmeeting in Paris. In March 2010 a draft for CEN enquiry will be presented. The final draft will be presented by CEN in March 2012.

13 Standardisation within CEN: CEN (European Committee for Standardisation) ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency) AFNOR SIS SE FR NN AT DK DE ES AT NL NO IT GB FI NN energy consumption green house gase emissions freight and passenger transport Standardized methodology for calculation, declaration and reporting on energy con-sumption and GHG emissions

14 On going editing groups in CEN Editing group 1 Basic formulas on operation of vehicles/vessels Editing group 2 Energy supply processes Editing group 3 Allcocation ruules for operation of vehicles/vessels Editing group 4 Calculation methods for non traffic operations + default values Editing group 5 Default values for energy and emissions for vehicles/vessels

15 7 A; Based on calculated vehicles/vessels measured transport work B; Based on calculated vehicles/vessels company transport work C; Based on default transport work per mode and vehicle/vessel 6 Allocation principles: Empty trips principles based on statistics (real or official) Share: = wphys/wphys = wphys/(ccweight * CCUweightphys) 5 Basic formula; vehicle/vessel tot fuel/electricity consumption MJ/km(h) GHG Energy + GHG S 4 3 General principle; Trp Q * trp work * energy factor * GHG Energy + GHG Slip Applicable and user friendly basic formulas 2 Input data quality Differences/access Emission factors Combustion (CO2, CH4, N2O) Other sources (GHG) 1 System boundaries Total GHG

16 What is green Primary energy specifications Fossil sources Biomass Other Enrichment Refinery Refinery Extract at well Transport -Losses Transport -Losses Depot - Alt fuels Depot -Diesel -Petrol -JetA -Bunker Transport -Losses Power generation -Hydro -Coal -Oil -Nuclear General grid -Biomass - Losses -other Distribtion center Transport - Losses Frequency exchange General grid - Losses Local grid - Losses Battery charge Tank Station Battery Fueltank Electric motor Plug-in Electric motor Combustion Engine Vehicle/vessel Building and scrapping: Fuel production sites Infrastructure vehicles/vessels Energy supply processes Operation of vehicles/vessels Processes*

17 Vehicle/vessel/load unit Production plant Costruction and building -Production plants -Materials & components -Energy Traffic infrastructure Construction and building -Motorways -Railways -Seaways -Airways Fuels & power plant Construction and building -Extraction equipment -Distribution system -Refinementsystem -Enrichmen system -Power production plant Traffic & transport Build, develop and procure -Admin/support buildings -Administrative equipment -Administrative systems -Vehicles, vessels load units Vehicle/vessel/units production (in production plant) D Traffic infrastructure operation C Fuels & power system operation & distribution B Traffic & transport operation A Vehicles/vessels/load units Traffic infrastructure Energy Traffic - & transport work Vehicle/vessel/load unit Production plant Reuse, recycle and scrap -Production plants -Materials & components Traffic infrastructure Reuse, recycle and scrap -Motorways -Railways -Seaways -Airways Fuels & power plant Reuse, recycle and scrap -Extraction equipment -Distribution system -Refinementsystem -Enrichmen system -Power production plant Traffic & transport Reuse, recycle and scrap - Admin/support buildings -Administrative equipment -Administrative systems -Vehicles, vessels load units

18 The extension of system boundaries D. Vehicle/vessel/units production C. Traffic infrastructure operation -Operation -Maintenance B. Fuels & power system operation & distribution - Well to vehicle/vessel A.Traffic & transport operation -Propulsion -Evaporation and battery losses -On board cargo climate/handling -Maintenance of vehicle/vessel

19 Transport D C Terminal B A: D C B A: Transport D C B A: Flow of shipment/passenger along the transport chain