Domoic acid events on the Washington coast

Transcription

1 Domoic acid events on the Washington coast Recreational Harvest Areas Vancouver Island prevents recalls, illness allows for selective beach openings or closures provides early warning of HAB events seawater sampling and toxin testing is done weekly at 4 beaches ORHAB training class tribal members digging clams ORHAB early warning system 1. Dig for clams Beach Monitoring Washington State least technical form of ocean observing system Past Reactive 0-2 days warning Olympic Region Harmful Algal Bloom (ORHAB) partnership protects public health Present Proactive 2-10 days warning Pseudo-nitzschia species, Washington State cf. pseudodelicatissima/ cuspidata 1. Small and narrow 1. Collect plankton delicatissima 2. Look for Pn heimii 2. Short and broad 2. Test clams at DOH fraudulenta australis 3. Test for toxin (sw & clams) 4. Test clams at DOH 3. Long and narrow multiseries variable toxicity within a species different toxin levels between species all capable of producing toxin? pungens Dr Vera Trainer: Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov 1

2 Domoic acid events in Puget Sound Future? Domoic acid closures in Puget Sound 2003 & 2005 Domoic Acid in Penn Cove Shellfish 2005 Domoic Acid toxin ppm Mussels Manila Clams FDA Action Level Domoic Acid toxin ppm Domoic Acid in Fort Flagler, Kilisut Harbor Shellfish 2003 Mussels FDA Action Level /5/2005 7/24/2005 7/31/2005 8/7/2005 8/14/2005 9/12/2005 9/18/ /2/ /9/ /12/ /16/ /18/ /21/ /276/ /30/ /01/03 08/08/03 08/15/03 08/22/03 08/29/03 09/05/03 09/12/03 09/19/03 09/26/03 10/03/03 10/10/03 Sequim Bay closure Preceded by a pulse of ammonium (from human sources) Penn Cove closure Preceeded by: warm temperature Skagit River discharge Dr Vera Trainer: Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov 2

3 SoundToxins Sampling Sites & Collaborators Spread of PSP toxin closures earliest closures in N. Puget Sound (1960s) now, closures throughout Puget Sound (except Hood Canal) SOUTHWARD SPREAD 1. Jamestown tribe 2. Penn Cove mussels 3. American Gold (CI) 4. American Gold (PA) 5. Pt Townsend marine science center 6. Coast Seafoods 7. NOAA Manchester 8. Taylor Shellfish Will DA closures mimic this pattern? The key SoundToxins objectives are to: 1. Identify the best sampling sites for studying the early onset and establishment of HABs. 2. Identify the subset of environmental conditions that promote the onset & flourishing of HABs. The goal of SoundHABs is to provide sufficient warning of HAB events to enable early or selective harvesting of shellfish in Puget Sound Additional monitoring of Vibrios Gram-negative, free living bacteria Natural inhabitants of marine and estuarine environments Persist in a wide range of temperatures and salinities Associate with aquatic flora- especially chitinaceous substrates Dr Vera Trainer: Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov 3

4 V. parahaemolyticus V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks in Washington State Most common non-cholerae disease causing Vibrio Accounts for 48% of reported Vibrio infections in the U.S. Infection by consumption of raw shellfish harboring the bacterium Gastrointestinal illness: usually self-limiting Source WDOH Source WDOH 2006 V. parahaemolyticus outbreak Oysters harvested from Washington State implicated in 117 reported cases in WA 20 of 94 growing areas closed Levels of potentially pathogenic (tdh( tdh+) +)Vp below actionable levels (5 CFU/0.1g) or not detected V. parahaemolyticus monitoring (collaborative project with WDOH) Currently WDOH monitors concentrations of Vp in oysters We wish to, through WCCOOH/NWFSC funding Compare the influence of a subset of environmental parameters on concentrations of potentially pathogenic Vp in oysters, in the growing water, and associated with plankton Characterize the association of V. parahaemolyticus with phytoplankton and zooplankton Quantify V. parahaemolyticus populations associated with plankton Quantify and differentiate phytoplankton and zooplankton populations from relevant sites Dr Vera Trainer: Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov 4

5 Acknowledgements Intended outcome West Coast Center for Oceans & Human Health Washington State Department of Fish & Wildlife Coast Seafoods Risk assessment Taylor Shellfish Prediction of illness Jamestown S Kallam Tribe Correlation of environmental data to improve models for prediction of Vp concentrations using remote sensing technology America Gold Seafood Penn Cove Shellfish Marine Biotoxins Program at NWFSC Dr. Rita Horner, University of Washington CZCS image. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences R. Colwell and P. Epstein Dr Vera Trainer: Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov 5