GWSP Relevant Actions in China & Asia Region

Transcription

1 The 18th GWSP-SSC Meeting,, 18-20,Oct GWSP Relevant Actions in China & Asia Region Prof. Jun Xia Asia Scientific Network Office of GWSP (GWSP-ASNO) Excusive Vice Chairman, GWSP-CNC Leading Professor & Director, Center for Water Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)

2 GWSP activities in China & Asia Region Since 2006, Chinese National Committee of GWSP (GWSP-CNC) and Asia Scientific Network Office of GWSP(GWSP-ASNO), collaborated with IAP, Inter-Academy of Council (IAC)- Water Programme, carry out several key research projects related GWSP in China and organize a series of East Asia/Asia-Pacific regional workshops to address the issue of GWSP.

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4 Several presentations & plans focus on GWSP research problem in China & other Asia countries, such as dams impact and LUCC etc.

5 1. Impact of Climate Change on Water Cycle, Regional Water Resources Security and the Adaptation Strategy for the Eastern Monsoon Area of China ( ) National Basic Research project (973 project) supported by MOST with 28 Million RMB, lead by J.Xia Eastern Monsoon Area

6 Research Area: Major river basins that cover 95% population in China Yellow 黄河流域 River 海河流域 季 淮河流域 Songhua River 部 黑龙江流域 东 辽河流域 Hai River Huai River Yangtze River 区 长江流域 珠江流域 Zhu River 风 域 河流 东南 诸 项目研究区 : 与季风区联系的流域系统

7 Observation net work in China There are more than 12,000 Hydro-Meteorological Stations with more than 30 years records Project partners: BH,MWR NCC,MDC

8 Key Research Issues 1. Time-space variability of water cycle & its uncertainty to climate change & human activities 2. Land & atmosphere interaction and feedback mechanism by building coupled hydro-climate models etc. 3.Vulnerability and adaptation of regional water resources impact by climate change

9 MAJOR RESERACH Detection & Attribution of non-stationary hydrological processes for past years Reduced uncertainty of future different climate-hydrological scenarios (GCMS) & downscaling Coupling Land hydrological process models with Regional climate models Impact of climate change on Drought & water security related to food security & eco-system in North China Impact of climate change on floods control security related to South China ( Huai River etc,.) Water resources vulnerability & adaptation management

10 Water Resource Vulnerability It could be linkaged with water stress indicator (resilience), C(t) & sensibility, S. New study: Vt () = 1S Ct () W D P Ct ( ) = f1( r) f2(1/( )) Q P r Use to availability ratio (%) P/Q - water crowding (p / Million m 3 / yr) W D /P - per capita water use (m 3 /p yr)

11 Haihe V(t)=0.80 Huaihe V(t)=0.20 Yellow V(t)=0.17 Song-liao V(t)=0.09 Yangze V(t)=0.06

12 New Study on mapping vulnerability + Sensibility S water stress( resilience) C Integrated Vulnerability S/C 2000 年代表年 ( 年序列 )

13 Vulnerability change V(t) to different scenarios Base line(2000) S1- Only water supply change S2-Only demand change S3- both change

14 Adaption to climate change and both human activities: Shifting from higher vulnerable into blue by adaptive management, particular good water governance, i.e. changing the rate of water developing & using water crowding & per capita water use etc. Hai river V(t)=0.80 Huai river V(t)=0.20 Yellow river V(t)=0.17 Songliao V(t)=0.09 Yangtze V(t)=0.06 river river

15 Good Water Governance is the process in which government and society get organized to use water resources sustainably to meet needs within a legal and ethical framework in accordance t o t he wat er availabilit y at any given time with equity and dignity. ( Kick-Off Meeting of the 6th WWF in Marseilles, June 2-5,2010)

16 Framework of Water Governance with Climate change and adaptation (IWRA, 2010 ) Climate change

17 Research shown Climate change and human activity are two big issue to water sustainable use. Science & technology will play a key role on understanding & reduce risk Water policy, in China will had to shift from Water Quantity Management Water Quality Management Water Supply Management Water Demand Management Improving Water Governance will be a priority on climate change adaptation.

18 MWR in China is processing a strategies of water management based on three red lines control The red line I : water resources development controlled by Total Water Resources Quantity. The red line II : water use efficiency improved by Water Demand Management. The red line III: water resources protection by Water Quality Management (control of waster water etc.). Adaptive management will face to new opportunity & challenges on implementing these strategies

19 Advantages for this project GWSP concepts CNC-GWSP Peoples play a key role Supported by MST, China Govermanment Real coloborated team: Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Water Resources National Climate Center in China Several Key Universities in China

20 New Actions: China-Australia cooperation project supported by CSIRO & CAS in Title : Monsoon System, Climate Change and Water Resource Water Project leaders Australia side: Prof. Lu Zhan & Qianxi Shao, CSIRO Chinese side: Prof. J.Xia, Zhenhui Xie & Zhaohui Lin, CAS

21 The Trend of Extreme Drought Frequency in China from 1951 to E 40E 30E The red diagonal area is the increasing trend of extreme drought, the green diagonal area means a decreasing trend of extreme drought. (Left Figure) 20E 80E 90E 100E 110E 120E 130E 140E Trend of surface Wet index Variation in Northeast China (Right Figure) An increasing trend is detected in northeast China. SWI anomaly Ma Zhuguo, 2006

22 Two Key Aspects for CSIRO-CAS Cooperation: Hydrological Variability and Extremely Events Impacted by Climate Change (1) developing Distributed Integrated hydro- Carbon-Nitrogen model (Lu Zhang and J.Xia & others from IAP) (2) developing Non-stationary Extremely Hydro-Statistic Models related to Droughts and Floods to changing environment (Q X Shao and J.Xia & others from IAP)

23 New challenges on Coupling of water and carbon Most existing distributed hydrological model in China only described hydrological processes with less consideration of Carbon-Nitrogen cycle thought hydrological process. However, new research show couple of water and carbon could change understanding on impact of climate change on ET and runoff.

24 Non-stationary Extremely Droughts and Floods Big challenges on Non How to well describe distribution of nonstationary extremely events related to droughts and floods disasters How to identify potential linkage or statistic relationship between climate change and extremely event changes in its return period and happened intensity?

25 2. Case study on Global Catchment Initiative (GCI) in Huai River Basin, China supported by MOST-MEP with 10.3 Million RMB lead by J.Xia, Huai River Basin Total area : 270,000 km 2 Populations: 165 million, LUCC: 11, 000 dams and sluices in the basin Yellow Sea Floods & Droughts Water Pollution

26 Distribution of dams and sluices in Huai River Basin 淮河流域重点闸坝的分布

27 Flood control engineering and wetland distribution in Huai River

28 Complexity & Risk in Huai River Flooding disaster Water pollution risk Flood control & water projects operation role Waste water control? Non-point pollution?

29 One example is river pollution event in 1994 during flooding period in Huai main river Rainstorm in upstream Over reservoirs warming stage Open gates to discharge Let 0.2 billion m 3 polluted water accumulated in gates during non-flood period to go to the downstream. Polluted water reached 90 km Waterworks had to stop water supply for 54 days. 1.5 million peoples face to drinking water problem. It caused at least RMB 2 billion worth of damages.

30 Major Tasks & Researches Identifying major causes of Huai River water problem Assessing impact of dams/sluices & climate change on water quality and eco-system Developing comprehensive approaches by waste water control & water projects operation to improve river health

31 1. Filed Survey in Huai River

32 Water quality assessment in Huai River( 2009) COD Good water (I III) 54.9% Bad water (> IV) 44.1% TP Good water (I III) 80.3% Bad water (> IV) 19.3% TN Good water (I III) 25.4% Bad water (> IV) 74.6%

33 2. Developing distributed hydrological model coupled with reservoir operation processes, river water quality change and river ecological assessment H y d rolo g ical m o d elin g Water quality model Eco-hydrological model

34 Huai River network of with operations of reservoirs and flood gates 息县淮滨王家坝鲁台子蚌埠闸小柳巷

35 3. Developing innovation tools based on integrated models to assess impacts of dams & sluices and climate change on River flow regimes Water quality Ecosystem and water quality management to improve river quality by water project operation and restoration technologies.

36 Assessing contribution of the river pollution events for the overload waste water and water projects Normalization rate water projects 昭平台水库 白龟山水库 马湾拦河闸 漯河橡胶坝 沙河周口闸 water projects 槐店闸阜阳闸颍上闸蚌埠闸 闸坝 排污 waste water discharge Upstream (reservoirs) Middle & down stream (with waste water discharge)

37 ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e ) ( f ) 淮河流域 1961~2005 年不同时段内平均温度的空间分布 (a. 春 ;b. 夏 ;c. 秋 ;d. 冬 ;e. 汛期 ;f. 全年 )

38 CSIRO_baseline CSIRO_A1B_2010s precipitation: mm air temperature:17.5 p=29.8% Risk increase precipitation: mm air temperature:17.5 p=37.8% 降水 :1239.5: mm; ; 气温 :17.5:

39 One case study Reservoirs in mountain areas Integrated operations Waste water control Operation rules for river health River system Operation ways Flood & water quality Reservoirs restoration Water level Water quality standard in river system

40 Discussions How China s Project related Global Catchment Initiative (GCI) could be linked with exciting GWSP -Asia Region / GWSP- Global Project or programme? Working Plan in

41 3. Regional Activities on Water System related to Climate Change & Water. Ecohydrology International Symposium in Asia, April 2011, Daegu, Republic of Korea

42 International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) General Assembly Melbourne, Australia, 1 July, 2011 大旱次数 山西. 河南世纪大旱次数变化过程线 山西河南 世纪序号 ( 百年 ) Drought Characteristic Analysis : Case Study in Yellow River Water Governance Hai Ying/Corbis 2011 年 1 月 15 日, 黄河河南温县段河道南岸, 大片河床裸露龟裂 东方早报 自从黄河断流之后, 运河漕运也成了消失的迷梦一般

43 Singapore International Water Week: One of activities from GWSP Asia Group: Governance in Urban Water Quality and Water Disasters: A Focus on Asia, 4-8 July, 2011 Co-Chair, Jun XIA, Third Annual Global Water Policy Dialogue, An SIWW 2011 Co-located Event

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45 XIVth World Water Congress Sept., 2011, Recife, Brazil

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47 Jun Xia s Presentations Plenary Session, XIVth IWRA World Water Congress, Sept. 27th, 2011 Global Framework for Water Governance Jun XIA President, IWRA Directors & Leading Professor Center for Water Resources Research, Key Lab. of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Plenary Session, XIVth IWRA World Water Congress, Sept. 26th, 2011 Global Water Events: From the Congress to the Forum 2012 Jun XIA President, IWRA Directors & Leading Professor Center for Water Resources Research, Key Lab. of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)

48 China Session, XIVth IWRA World Water Congress, Sept. 26th, 2011 Integrated Assessment and Management for Water Quality & Quantity: Case Studies in China Given by Dr. Jun XIA Directors & Leading Professor, Center for Water Resources Research, Key Lab. of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Process, Chinese Academy of Science

49 The 9th China Water Forum, Lanzhou, Aug.,2-3, 2010 Title: Water & Regional Sustainability Section : GWSP in China

50 Perspective on GWSP Research in China

51 Plan on workshop/ Symposium on Asia Network of GWSP in Prof. Felino Lansigan action in the Philippines - Prof. Sharad Kumar Jain in India - Prof. Jun XIA in Qiandao, China

52 Challenges in the future (1) How to develop a workable plan in Asia region on the global observation /date network of GWSP? (2) How to get support for GWSP on global & regional water issues?

53 WGSP ANSO/CNC will make contribution on GWSP research on EA/AP regions in coming years! Any comment and suggestion are welcome! Thank you!