Grønne klassenotasjoner

Transcription

1 Grønne klassenotasjoner Hurtigbåtkonferansen 2018 Trondheim Kent Åge Solem 18 April DNV GL 2017 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

2 N Topics W E Background for cleaner shipping Safety challenges Development and status of regulatory framework - LNG - Hydrogen - Battery S 2 DNV GL 2017

3 Emissions from shipping Exhaust gas emissions from shipping are significant contributors to climate change and air pollution problems. Sulphur oxides (SO X ) Nitrogen oxides (NO X ) Particulate matters (PM) Carbon dioxides (CO 2 ) 3 DNV GL 2017

4 Background - market The shipping industry is under increasing pressure wrt environmental issues Some players in the market seemingly claim that it is easy to achieve zero emission It is a tremendous challenge Challenges with all alternative fuels Hydrogen can become a vital green fuel Sometimes the only alternative for zero emission Can become a very popular solution for shipping in cities and coastal shipping Only zero emission alternative for international shipping, in lack of sustainable biofuel (cruise) Statoil and Shell are serious about sustainable H2 production from natural gas 4 DNV GL 2017

5 DNV GL 2017 Local emissions

6 Safety challenges 6 DNV GL 2017

7 7 DNV GL 2017

8 DNV GL

9 Regulatory Status - Contents Short summary of regulative status DNVGL Fuel Cell Rules and other relevant Class Rules Alternative Design in the IGF Code Development of Statutory requirements 9

10 Short summary of regulative status Requirements for on-board energy generation systems Fuel specific requirements Maritime Fuel Cell Systems IGF code entered into force Jan. 1 st 2017 Contains detail requirements for natural gas as fuel only, and internal combustion engines, boilers and gas turbines Work started on technical provisions for methyl-/ethyl- alcohols as fuel and fuel cells Alternative Design Approach Most classification societies have established Rules covering fuel cells and to some extent low flashpoint liquids 10

11 DNVGL Fuel Cell Rules DNVGL Rules for Classification Ships Part 6 Chapter 2 Section 3 Fuel Cell Installations FC The Rules offer two class notations: FC(Power) Given to ships that fulfils design requirements in the Rules, where the FCs are used for essential-, important- or emergency services. FC(Safety) Given to ships that fulfils the environmentaland safety requirements in the Rules, where the FCs are not used for essential-, importantor emergency services. 11

12 Other relevant Class Rules DNVGL Rules for Classification Additional class notations; Propulsion, power generation and auxiliary systems. Gas Fuelled Ship installations (Gas Fuelled) Low Flashpoint Liquid Fuelled Engines (LFL Fuelled) Battery Power, for hybrid solutions Class notations Gas Fuelled and LFL Fuelled cover fuels applicable for fuel cells, but hydrogen specific requirements are not yet included. As for the IGF-code, the Gas Fuelled class notation is limited to use for natural gas. 12

13 Regulatory status - Statutory Statutory requirements The IGF Code entered into force Jan 1 st 2017 Governs the use of low flashpoint liquids and gaseous fuels Divided into two main parts. A: General function based requirements for lowflashpoint fuel installations A-1: Functional and prescriptive requirements for engine installations using natural gas as fuel 13

14 Overview of regulatory status Fuel specific requirements (Hydrogen) No prescriptive requirements available today The applicable part of the IGF Code (A) requires that an Alternative design approach is followed Fuel consumers (FCs) The IGF Code s prescriptive requirements is limited for consumption by internal combustion engines, boilers and turbines. Existing class rules can ease the alternative design process if the rules are acknowledged by the Administration 14

15 IGF-Code, Part A Goal and functional requirements The safety, reliability and dependability of the systems shall be equivalent to that achieved with new and comparable conventional oil-fuelled main and auxiliary machinery. 17 additional functional requirements follow, which shall be fulfilled through the ship design. It is emphasized that operation procedures shall not replace safety barriers through the ship design. 15

16 SOLAS Ch. II-1 Regulation 55 and MSC.1/Circ.1455 Reg. 55 provides a methodology for alternative design and arrangements for machinery, electrical installations and low-flashpoint fuel storage and distribution systems. Is referring to Guidelines for the approval of alternatives and equivalents as provided for in various IMO instruments (MSC.1/Circ.1455) Simplified process: 1. Development of a preliminary design 2. Approval of the preliminary design 3. Development of a final design 4. Final design testing and analyses 5. Approval 16

17 Risk assessment and limitation of explosion consequences Risk assessment: A risk assessment shall be conducted to ensure that risks arising from the alternative design are addressed. It is important to note that safety barriers that are acknowledged for natural gas, might not be accepted for use for hydrogen as fuel. Limitation of explosion consequences There are requirements to the consequences of explosions in the rooms that contain one or more leakage points. This indicates that explosion analysis will be necessary for the relevant compartments. 17

18 MARHYSAFE Maritime Hydrogen Safety JDP Towards a zero emission future Maritime Hydrogen a game changer? 18

19 Background - Safety Neither IMO, NMA nor DNV GL have rules and requirements for hydrogen powered ships Hydrogen gas is highly explosive and it has different safety related behavior An accident could result in large safety and economic consequences and put the development on hold for many years To develop an adequate set of rules is therefore of upmost importance if we shall provide safe solutions, approval services included DNV GL want to initiate a Maritime Hydrogen Safety JDP This will enable us to provide important quality input to national, class and IMO requirements, and put Norway in the forefront in this interesting emerging market The JDP will have participants from the entire value chain 1

20 With hydrogen towards zero emissions? HYBRID Vision of the Fjords Flom-Gudvangen Diesel hybrid 2 * 150 kw electric motors, 600 kwh batteries Record 14 months from contract to delivery in 2016 BATTERY Future of the Fjords Fully electric 2 * 450 kw electric motors, 1.8 MWh batteries (April 2018) HYDROGEN Fuel cells Next generation? Increase range Reduced weigth possible More flexible regarding bunkering/charging Copyright Brødrene Aa 2

21 MARHYSAFE Partners (p. 1 of 2) Approval bodies and regulators: Norwegian Maritime Authority (NMA) Yards: Fiskerstrand Holding AS (Fiskerstrand) Havyard Design & Solutions RCl Charterers: Statoil Norwegian Public Roads Administration (Statens vegvesen) join after October 2018 due to the hydrogen ferry development contracting GKP7H2 Flora hydrogen project (Green Coastal Shipping Program s hydrogen pilot project) Ship owners: Scandlines, Stena Line, Norwegian Navy (Norwegian Defence Material Agency, NDMA) 2

22 MARHYSAFE Partners (p. 2 of 2) and Funding Power system vendors and infrastructure/system providers: Rolls Royce, ABB, UMOE Advanced Composites AS (UAC), HySeas Energy, Hexagon, Proton-Motors, Redrock (Canada) Research partners: University College of Southeast Norway (HSN) Sandia National Laboratories (USA) A process to gain the required co-funding of the JDP is ongoing. All the project participants, DNV GL included, will contribute to the financing of the JDP 2

23 MARHYSAFE - Benefits for the JDP participants Regulators and approval bodies will improve their knowledge base and build confidence on how maritime hydrogen systems can be safe and reliable. What are reasonable requirements to manage the hydrogen risks? Ship owners will build competence and position themselves in the forefront regarding utilization, development and operation of safe hydrogen systems Vendors and yards need to build competence to understand the specifics for safety of maritime hydrogen related systems Buyers of transportation services will build competence and position themselves in the forefront as a driving force behind a safe green shift All project participants are motivated by taking a leadership in safe green shipping The project results will increase market penetration of maritime hydrogen solutions and position the partners in the marketplace 2

24 Alternative Design/ Technology Qualification Process Approval of Preliminary Design Step 1 Define Approval Basis Stakeholder Requirements, RCS.. Technology Categorisation Project Milestones TA Consolidated summary of approval basis DNV GL TQ process deliverables Step 2 Threat Assessment HazId, FMEA, QRA, Explosions.. Qualification Plan Required testing/qualification activities TQP Input to approval conditions for preliminary design. - HazId report. Step 3 Execute Qualification Plan Testing and further analyses Performance Assessment Yes TQ? No Compliant? If Yes; Normal operation can start Technology Deployment New Technology Qualified Fall-back Further assessments/ re-design required 24

25 Battery Power Class Rules 25 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

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27 Part 6 Chapter 2 - Propulsion, power generation and auxiliary systems Sec.1 Battery Power Battery(Safety) A notation that cover requirements for the safety of the battery installation covering vessel arrangement, environmental control including ventilation and fire safety. Battery (power) The notation you need when the battery is used as a main source of power (propulsion power). 27

28 Pt.6 Ch.2 Sec.1- Battery power 2 Design principles for Battery(Safety) notation Battery(Safety) G = ~ G = ~ A notation that cover requirements for the safety of the battery installation covering vessel arrangement, environmental control including temperature and ventilation. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ To prevent thermal incidents in battery spaces, then the rules gives requirement to fire integrity, detection and extinguish measures. 28

29 Part 6 Chapter 2 - Propulsion, power generation and auxiliary systems 3 Design principles for Battery(Power) notation Battery (power) The notation you need when the battery is used as a main source of power (propulsion power). = ~ = ~ ~ = The rules put requirements for redundancy and location. In addition the time or range that the battery can supply energy shall be calculated taken into account the planned operation/voyage 29

30 Part 7 Chapter 1 - Survey requirements for fleet in service Sec.2 Annual service extent Battery (power) notation 30

31 DNV GL Maritime Battery Safety Joint Development Program Driving marine battery safety and adoption 31 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

32 Complex and fundamentally different challenges require progressive solutions Prescriptive rules and an approach to approval were needed DNV GL drew on its experience and tackled this problem early Maritime safety requirements are arguably the most comprehensive and toughest Risk based maintained as major portion of assessment Lack of technical reference opens many worst case scenarios Potentially addressing aspects that may not be problems Potentially overengineering solutions Long, expensive and uncertain process for technology adopters, builders The complexity of the problem leaves gaps still remaining in understanding Maritime Battery Safety Joint Development Program (JDP) formed to tackle remaining tough questions and further streamline approval process 32

33 Battery Safety JDP: bringing all key stakeholders together to develop optimal solutions to key pain points DNV GL: facilitator, research scientists, testing, analysis, modelling Collaborating with main other active researcher, Norwegian Defence Research Institute (FFI) Partners representing the entire value chain: Authorities Norwegian Maritime Authority Danish Maritime Authority Battery system vendors PlanB (PBES) Corvus Energy Safety Protection Systems FIFI4Marine Nexceris Ship Owners/Operators Scandlines Stena Power System Vendors Rolls Royce Marine AS ABB Ship Yards Damen 33

34 Objectives of JDP Expectations Authorities want answers to remaining questions & to ensure safety beyond a doubt Developers and builders need an infrastructure in place that enables and allows them to adopt and utilize new technologies effectively at volumes in the mainstream Deliverables Provide solid technical reference to answer questions and increase consistency Improve the efficacy of the approval process increase the final level of safety and streamline the approval process Identify requirements that are best addressed with prescriptive rules vs. risk based methods 34

35 Maritime Battery Safety Joint Development Program Specifics Main Tasks and Activities 1. Safety Model Development and Assessment Based on Prior Knowledge 2. Concerted Lithium Ion Battery Risk Assessment 3. Battery Safety Testing Program 4. Battery Safety Simulation and Analysis Tool Development and Refinement 5. Project Management, Dissemination, Input to Requirements and Rules Project timeline Kickoff Q Testing Q2-Q Analysis Q3-Q Dissemination Q

36 Free Downloads DNV GL Maritime Battery Handbook: Consolidated Edison ESS Fire Safety Report: SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER 36

37 Mor info and contacts JDP Narve Mjos, Director Battery Services & Projects, Ben Gully PhD, Senior Engineer, Gerd Petra Haugom MSc, Principal Consultant, 37

38 Thank You! Kent Åge Solem SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER 38