N 2 O. Effect of straw incorporatio n to differe nt soils in rice2growing sea son on N 2 O emission in following wheat2growing sea son

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1 2004, 27 (1) : Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University N 2 O 1, 1, 2, 1 1, (11, ; 21, ) : 5 ( 10 ), N 2 O ( 10 g), :, 6 ( A1 B1 B3 C3 D3 E2) N 2 O, g m - 2 h - 1 ; (C5) (D2) N 2 O g m - 2 h - 1 ; (A3) ( E4), N 2 O, ; N 2 O, N 2 O, : N 2 O ; ; ; ; ; : X132 : A : (2004) Effect of straw incorporatio n to differe nt soils in rice2growing sea son on N 2 O emission in following wheat2growing sea son J IAO Yan 1, HUANG Yao 1,2, ZONGLiang2gang 1, ZHOU Quan2suo 1 (11College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing , China ; 21LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Abstract : To investigate the effect of straw incorporation in rice2growing season on N 2 O emission in following wheat2growing season, an outdoor pot experiment was conducted with ten soils. These soil samples were taken from farmlands in south, central and north part of Jiangsu Province, representing five paddy soil types. Mineral fertilizer plus wheat straw incorporation with 10 g per pot at rice transplanting was set up as treatment, and mineral fertilizer application was set up as control. In comparison with the control, N 2 O emissions from the treatment increased for six soil samples including Jiangning (A1), Yixing (B1 and B3), Baoying ( C3), Yizheng (D3) and Luhe ( E2), while reduced for two soil samples from Baoying (C5) and Yizheng (D2). The increment ranged from 2413 to 7113 g m - 2 h - 1, and the reduction was 1112 and 7913 g m - 2 h - 1, respectively. No significant increase in N 2 O emissions was observed for the soils from Jiangning (A3) and Luhe ( E4). Correlation analysis indicated that key factors affecting N 2 O emission from the control were soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, yielding correlation coefficient of ment was positively dependent on soil available Fe concentration with a correlation coefficient of and , respectively. N 2 O emission from the treat2 Key words : N 2 O emission ; wheat straw ; soil properties ; rice2growing season ; wheat2growing season ; pot experiment N 2 O, N 2 O N 2 O 70 % 90 % [1 ], N 2 O 45 % [2 ] [3 5, ] [6,7 ] ph [8,9 ] : : ( KZCX12SW201213) : (1977 ), : (1956 ), E2mail :

2 1 : N 2 O 37 [10,11 ] N 2 O N 2 O, [12 ] N 2 O, N 2 O, N 2 O, ( N 2 O2N ) 0105 % 0197 % [13 ] [14 ], N 2 O, N 2 O 10, N 2 O, , 4, ( 1), 2001, ,, 20 cm, 115 cm, 2 cm, (4/ 5 ) ( ), 4 kg ( ) ( ), 2 10 g , , , 1129 g, KH 2 PO g, K 2 SO g ; , 1/ 4 / % 3 Clay Soil code Locality Sub2class < mm A1 A3 B1 B3 C3 C5 D2 D3 E2 E4 1 Table 1 Physico2chemical properties of air2dried soil samples / % Sand > 0105 mm / g kg - 1 Organic carbon / g kg - 1 Total nitrogen C/ N ph / mg kg - 1 MF Available Fe MF + WS Jiangning Jiangning Yixing Yixing Baoying Baoying Yizheng Yizheng Luhe Luhe / % CV : MF = Mineral fertilization ( ), MF + WS = Mineral fertilization + wheat straw ( + ) 3 = Percogenic ; = Hydromorphic ; = Degleyed ; = Gleyed 113 PVC,, 1 m,,, 14 : : 00, 3, 10 min, 50 ml N 2 O (HP 4890) 3 N 2 O,

3 38 27 N 2 O N 2 O, N 2 O N 2 O N 2 O 1,, N 2 O ; 3 N 2 O, N 2 O, D2 (OD2) N 2 O, E2 (OE2) N 2 O, E4 (OE4), 3 N 2 O 1 3 N 2 O Fig11 Seasonal pattern of N 2 O emissions from three rice paddy soils N 2 O, N 2 O ( F = 10133, P = 01005) 2, N 2 O 3 : ; N 2 O ; N 2 O, N 2 O B3, 7113 g m - 2 h - 1 ; A1 B1 B3 C3 D3 E2 N 2 O g m - 2 h - 1 ; A3 E4, g m - 2 h - 1 ; C5 D2 N 2 O,, g m N 2 O h N 2 O MF (CK) ; Soil code MF + WS (Treatment) Fig12 N 2 O emission from various soils 21211, ( F = 1186, P = 0109), N 2 O, N 2 O , N 2 O [15, 0105 ], N 2 O, ( 3)

4 1 : N 2 O 39 3 N 2 O Fig13 Correlation of N 2 O flux with soil organic carbon, total N and available Fe content 3, N 2 O, N 2 O,, N 2 O ; N 2 O N 2 O, [ 16 ],,, N 2 O, N 2 O,, N 2 O N 2 O,, [17, ], N 2 O, N 2 O : [1 ] Bouwman A F. Exchange of greenhouse gases between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere [A]. In : Bouwman A F ed. Soils and the Green2 house Effect [ C]. Chichester : John Wiley & Sons, [2 ] Mosier A R, Kroeze C. Contribution of agroecosystems to the global atmospheric N 2 O budget [ A ]. In : Desjardins R L, Keng J C, Haugen2 kozyra, eds. Proceedings of International Workshop on Reducing N 2 O Emission from Agroecosystems [ C]. Banff, Cadada, March [3 ] Bouwman A F. Direct emissions of nitrous oxide from agricultural soils [J ]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 1996, 46 : [4 ],. N 2 O [J ]., 1993, 4 (3) : [5 ] Xing G X, Zhu Z L. Preliminary studies on N 2 O emissions fluxes from upland soils and paddy soils in China [J ]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosys2 tems, 1997, 49 : [6 ] Goodroad L L, Keeney D R. Nitrous oxide production in aerobic soils under varying ph, temperature and water content [J ]. Soil Biology and Bio2 chemistry, 1984, 16 : [7 ] Zheng X, Wang M, Wang Y, et al. Characters of greenhouse gas (CH 4, N 2 O, NO) emissions from croplands of southeast China [J ]. World Resource Review, 1999, 11 : [8 ] Daum D, Schenk M K. Influence of nutrient solution ph on N 2 O and N 2 emissions from a soilless culture system [J ]. Plant and Soil, 1998, 203 :

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