Industry Experiences with Molecular Typing. Joseph D. Meyer Associate Director, Food Safety and Regulatory Affairs May 23, 2017

Transcription

1 Industry Experiences with Molecular Typing Joseph D. Meyer Associate Director, Food Safety and Regulatory Affairs May 23, 2017

2 Molecular Typing Past Present Future 2

3 Past Multistate Outbreak of Listeriosis, Hot dogs, deli meats 35,000,000 lbs. recalled 11 states, at least 50 illnesses, 6 deaths, 2 spontaneous abortions DuPont Riboprinter System available in 1995 PulseNet began in

4 Using Genetic Tests to Understand the Microbial Ecology of Food Production Systems Joseph D. Meyer Group Leader - Microbiology and Food Safety Kraft Foods, Glenview, IL International Association for Food Protection August 8, 2000, Atlanta, GA JDM:IAFP2000 Slide 4

5 In a Production Setting, Genetic Typing Can Be Used to... Provide additional level of detail/discrimination applies to pathogens, indicator organisms, spoilage organisms Separate resident population from new arrivals Identify sources/niches/reservoirs Track the movement of organisms Identify vectors and traffic patterns Track the fate of organisms through a process

6 Square Ham Example Ongoing environmental monitoring for Listeria genus showed an increase in positive results in knock out room and adjacent areas Areas generally tested negative after cleaning and sanitation Additional sampling did not identify any harborage sites in the knock out room equipment There had not been any changes in the process, equipment or operational procedures

7 Square Ham Process Flow Stuff batter into square metal forms Cook in a water immersion tank Knock ham out of metal forms Apply smoke to surface of ham Slice and package ham

8 Ham Process Flow Smokehouse Chill Cells Knock Out Form Wash Cooler Hallway

9 Investigational Approach Increased sampling samples collected at different time intervals additional sites and areas sampled heavy emphasis on floors heavy emphasis on anything with wheels (trash carts, hand jeeps, product racks) Isolates were obtained from any positive samples for ribotyping

10 Results and Learnings Collected isolates over a two month period Total of 56 isolates 12 different RiboPrint patterns A variety of patterns showed up in each area 14 isolates representing 7 different patterns were found on hand jeeps alone

11 Typical Hand Jeep

12 Difficult to Clean Areas

13 Results and Learnings Additional control needed on hand jeeps some hand jeeps had been used in raw areas when needed and brought back after cleaning and sanitizing hand jeeps cleaned, sand blasted, repainted, and permanently tagged for use in ready-to-eat areas only separate battery and maintenance areas set up for hand jeeps used in ready-to-eat areas Entire area needed to be treated as a single unit for cleaning and sanitation purposes

14 Cleaning and Sanitation Smokehouse Chill Cells Knock Out Form Wash Cooler Hallway

15 Cleaning and Sanitation Smokehouse Chill Cells Knock Out Form Wash Cooler Hallway

16 Sliced Luncheon Meat Example Sliced turkey and ham product in a modified atmosphere package Target shelf-life of 60 days but product was spoiling in as little as 45 days milkiness, gas occasionally, slime occasionally typical spoilage organisms (lactic acid bacteria) Wanted to confirm that the harborage sites were found and eliminated some sites may contain spoilage organisms but not be related to the current issue

17 Investigational Approach Isolate and ribotype the predominant organisms from packages of spoiled product Collect environmental samples from the packaging lines on which the spoiled products were produced Select and ribotype representative isolates from environmental samples

18 Results and Learnings Isolates from 42 spoiled product samples 12 ribotypes Isolates from112 environmental samples 62 ribotypes 5 environmental ribotypes matched with ribotypes from spoiled product samples Several production lines were involved and the same area was implicated on all of the lines canister and framework that feeds meat into the slicer This part of the slicer was redesigned

19 Other Examples Since 2000 Ribotyping, PFGE, DiversiLab Environmental investigations Salmonella, Listeria species Spoilage Enterococci in pasta, Pediococci in beer, Lactobacillus in salad dressing, Alicyclobacillus in pear juice, E. faecium in ricotta Identification of lab contamination events Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes Misidentification of isolates Listeria species, Listeria monocytogenes 19

20 Present Potential uses and benefits of typing haven t changed Public health Industry environmental control Variety of tools being used to address industry need Detail required to solve an issue Vs what s achievable Salmonella serotype may be enough Encourage Vs discourage seek and destroy Less intense reaction if only Listeria species? Plants with effective programs may have very few opportunities to use typing tools 20

21 Future Where to start with WGS? Spoilage organisms, historical non-listeria monocytogenes, non-plant isolates Internal Vs external capability Tools and databases Potential joint studies Beyond matching isolates Potential control strategies 21

22 Thank You 22