APPENDIX D ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM

Transcription

1 APPENDIX D ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM

2 DRAFT FINAL TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Crystal Geyser Onsite Wastewater Treatment PREPARED FOR: Richard Weklych/Crystal Geyser Barbara Brenner/Churchwell White PREPARED BY: REVIEWED BY: Bill Bratt/CH2M Kar Munirathinam/CH2M Peter Rude/CH2M DATE: August 18, 2016 PROJECT NUMBER: Background The Crystal Geyser Water Company (CGWC) Bottling Facility located in Mt. Shasta, California is planning to begin operation in 2017 for the bottling of sparkling water (flavored and unflavored), teas, and juice beverages. Once the CGWC is online, the domestic sanitary sewer flows from the facility are expected to be about the same as from the previous operations at the facility. CGWC will start operations with approximately 30 employees; this will eventually increase to approximately 60 employees. This will result in an average daily flow to the City of Mt. Shasta (City) sanitary sewer system of about 300 to 600 gallons per day. Industrial wastewater discharges from the bottling operation will range from approximately 20,000 gallons per production day (gppd) to approximately 54,000 gppd for one product line. In 5 to 7 years, when a second bottling line is added, discharges will approximately double, ranging from 40,000 to 100,000 gppd. It is unknown how much industrial wastewater was sent to the City sanitary sewer system by the previous operators at the facility, Dannon and CCDA Waters from 2000 through The only reference is in the 2001 Waste Discharge Requirement (WDR) by the California Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) that stated Dannon was sending 20,000 to 36,000 gallons per day (gpd) of bottle rinse/floor wash water to the City. The City stated that they have no records. Industrial process rinse wastewater discharged to the existing leach field will range from 5,000 gppd to infrequent peaks of up to 25,000 gppd. When the second bottling line is added, discharges will approximately double, ranging from 10,000 gppd to infrequent peaks of up to 50,000 gppd. The leach field is permitted by the RWQCB, and can accommodate 72,000 (gpd), however it is designed to be expanded to 108,000 gpd. Previous operations at the facility consisted of two bottling lines and used the leach field to its permitted capacity of 72,000 gpd. The industrial process wastewater peak discharge and industrial process rinse wastewater peak discharge will not be additive; they will not occur at the same time. CH2M was retained to provide a conceptual design for an onsite wastewater treatment system as an alternative for direct discharge of the industrial wastewater to the City sanitary sewer system. The treated industrial wastewater would then be sent to the leach field or to onsite irrigation. This technical memorandum provides a process summary and for the proposed onsite wastewater treatment system at the CGWC bottling facility in Mt. Shasta. 1

3 CRYSTAL GEYSER ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT Basis of Design CGWC will bottle sparkling water, tea and juice on a rotating basis. Data from existing CGWC facilities was obtained to estimate the basis of design for the Mt. Shasta facility. The basis of design consists of wastewater flow rates and characterization during each production run as well as expected effluent requirements, which have been based on groundwater quality located below the existing leach field. The basis of design is presented in Table 1. Full water quality parameters are presented in Attachment A. Table 1. Basis of Design Crystal Geyser Bottling Facility Parameter Influent Target Effluent Minimum Maximum Flow Rate (gpd) a 20,000 60,000 COD (mg/l) < 5 BOD (mg/l) < 3 TSS (mg/l) 5 50 < 2 TDS (mg/l) 260 1, Table Notes a Average value presented as opposed to minimum. Original capacity will be 60,000 gpd, system will be easily expandable to 120,000 gpd. Conceptual Design Based on the wastewater characteristics and target effluent values, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) was selected as the onsite treatment system. The RO is selected to meet the TDS limit. The new onsite wastewater treatment system will be downstream of the existing neutralization pretreatment system and will consist of an equalization tank, aerobic biological tank, aeration system, ultrafiltration (UF) membrane package, RO membrane package, waste solids tank and a centrifuge. The equalization and aerobic biological tanks will be outside with the majority of the other equipment located within a new building. A block flow diagram, an equipment list and a site layout are presented in Attachment B. Neutralized wastewater will flow to the new equalization tank, which will allow for relatively consistent flow rate to the downstream biological process during both production and nonproduction days. From the equalization tank, wastewater will be pumped at a controlled rate to the aerobic biological tank where carbon oxidation (reduction in COD and BOD) will occur. Oxygen and mixing will be provided by fine bubble diffused aeration system. Air will be supplied by two redundant blowers (one duty and one stand-by) and space is provided for a third blower to be installed prior to startup of the second production line. The biological system will be coupled with a UF membrane package for liquid-solids separation, which will produce permeate (effluent) clean enough for the downstream RO system for TDS removal. The UF skid will initially have three modules to handle the initial maximum flow rate of 60,000 gpd. Two additional modules will need to be added to the skid prior to startup of the second production line. Solids rejected by the UF membranes will be sent back to the aerobic biological tank. Excess biological solids (waste solids) will be pumped from the aerobic biological tank to a waste solids holding tank. The solids will be pumped from the waste solids holding tank to the centrifuge for dewatering and the dewatered solids will be hauled offsite for disposal. Dewatered solids production are estimated to range 2

4 CRYSTAL GEYSER ONSITE WASTEWATER TREATMENT between 200 and 600 wet pounds per week (0.1 to 0.3 cubic yards per week assuming a cake solids content of 15 percent). Permeate from the MBR will be collected in an RO feed tank and then treated by the RO system to produce water that meets the target effluent quality allowing discharge to the existing leach field or offsite irrigation. The RO skid will initially have two six-module housings to handle the initial maximum flow rate of 60,000 gpd. Two additional six-module housings will need to be added to the skid prior to startup of the second production line. Depending upon the RO permeate characteristics, reconstitution (addition of minerals i.e. ions) may most likely need to occur in the RO effluent storage tank by adding calcium chloride and sodium carbonate or running the effluent through a calcite bed. The concentrated TDS will have to be wasted in the RO reject stream (estimated at 4,000 to 6,000 mg/l of TDS). The average daily volume of this stream with one production line is estimated to range from 2,000 to 4,000 gallons per day depending upon the RO system s percent recovery. The percent recovery should be between 80 and 90 percent, but detailed analytical data including a full ion/cation balance is required to accurately estimate. The RO reject water will be hauled off for disposal. The onsite treatment system, including lighting and equipment controls, will have approximately 80 installed horsepower and 50 average operating horsepower. 3

5 Attachment A

6 Table A-1: Wastewater Constituents for Onsite Treatment Discharge to Shallow Groundwater Groundwater Quality below Leach Field Crystal Geyser Anticipated Effluent Quality for Products Analyte Units Average of Samples Max Min Calistoga Sparkling Water Effluent 2 Bakersfield Tea Effluent Bakersfield Juice Effluent General Chemistry Hardness 4 mg/l ph 5 ph Units Specific Conductance µmhos/c m Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l Cyanide Total µg/l ND ND Note 3 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l Note 3 Note 3 Note Sulfate 6 mg/l Note 3 Note 3 Note Microbiology Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml Note 3 Note 3 Note 3 Metals Antimony µg/l ND Arsenic µg/l ND Beryllium µg/l ND ND ND Cadmium µg/l ND ND ND

7 Groundwater Quality below Leach Field Crystal Geyser Anticipated Effluent Quality for Products Analyte Units Average of Samples Max Min Calistoga Sparkling Water Effluent 2 Bakersfield Tea Effluent Bakersfield Juice Effluent Chromium µg/l Note 2 Chromium Hexavalent µg/l ND Copper 7 µg/l ND Lead µg/l ND Mercury ng/l ND ND ND Nickel 7 µg/l ND ND Selenium µg/l 4 10 ND ND ND 2.8 Silver 7 µg/l ND 0.18 ND ND Thallium µg/l ND ND ND ND Zinc 7 µg/l VOCs Chlorobenzene µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Chloroform µg/l ND ND ND ,1,2,2 Tetrachlorethene µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Chloromethane µg/l ND ND ND ND 2 1 Dichloromethane µg/l ND ND ND ND Naphthalene µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Toluene µg/l ND ND Note 3 Note 3 SVOCs Bis(2- ethylhexyl)phthal ate µg/l ND ND ND ND 2.1 ND

8 Groundwater Quality below Leach Field Crystal Geyser Anticipated Effluent Quality for Products Analyte Units Average of Samples Max Min Calistoga Sparkling Water Effluent 2 Bakersfield Tea Effluent Bakersfield Juice Effluent Butyl benzyl phthalate µg/l ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Diethyl phthalate µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Di-n-butyl phthalate Di-n-octyl phthalate µg/l ND ND Note 3 Note 3 µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Pesticides/PCBs Pesticides/PCBs µg/l ND ND ND ND Note 3 Note 3 Notes: 1. Constituents highlighted in yellow have the potential need for onsite water treatment evaluation. Results values highlighted in red indicated that the effluent stream sample result exceeds the average receiving groundwater result for that constituent. 2. Effluent Discharge from Calistoga includes domestic wastewater flows in addition to industrial wastewater discharge flows. 3. Sample data not collected for this constituent of this flow stream. 4. Source water for Calistoga has a hardness of 365 mg/l and Bakersfield's source has a hardness of 110. Mt. Shasta's source water hardness is only 35 and should not be raised from the proposed industrial process for mineral water or tea at the plant. During Juice production the hardness is higher than the source water and should be evaluated for treatment. 5. The current facility improvements includes a ph Neutralization Treatment System that can handle these ph ranges after onsite treatment if the process design allows for post treatment ph neutralization. 6. Source water for Calistoga has a sulfate concentration of 52 mg/l and Bakersfield's source has a sulfate concentration of 30mg/L. Mt. Shasta's source water sulfate concentration is only 0.61 mg/l and should not be raised from the proposed industrial process for mineral water, tea, or juice at the plant. 7. Trace amounts of metals found at Calistoga and Bakersfield are attributed the old metal pipes at these facilities which leach metals into the wastewater flows. The Mt. Shasta facility has all new piping and metal level will be monitored during operation and will likely be resolved by pipe rehabilitation/replacement rather than treatment for metals.

9 Attachment B

10 CARBON + NUTRIENTS RECONSTITUTION CHEMICAL(S) UF MEMBRANE RO MEMBRANE FROM EXISTING NEUTRALIZATION SYSTEM EQ TANK AERATION TANK PROCESS BLOWERS RO PERMEATE TANK TO LEACH FIELD OR TURF GRASS MLR RO REJECT STORAGE TANK WASTE SOLIDS STORAGE TANK M CENTRIFUGE CENTRATE TO OFFSITE DISPOSAL WASTE SOLIDS FLOOR SUMP Figure B-1 Preliminary Block Flow Diagram Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Crystal Geyser

11 Table B 1: Preliminary Equipment List CLIENT: Crystal Geyser LOCATION: Mt. Shasta, California PROJECT: Crystal Geyser Onsite Treatment System DATE: 08/03/2016 DESIGN FLOW: 42 gpm Item Unit Design Criteria Quantity Equalization Tank 47,000 gal; 20 ft diameter x 20 ft shell height; 304 ss 1 Equalization Transfer Pumps 60 gpm, 25 ft of head; 1 hp w/ VFD 2 Aeration Tank 24,000 gal; 15 ft diameter x 18 ft shell height; 304 ss 1 Aeration Tank Diffused Aeration Package 50 diffusers; 7.5 hp, 55 scfm blowers (2 blowers installed now with room for third) 1 Nutrient Feed Pumps 1 gph 2 Carbon Feed Pumps 1 gph 2 Waste Solids Holding Tank 12,750 gal; 12 ft diameter x 15 ft shell height 1 Waste Solids Tank Mixer 1 hp; propeller; 304 ss 1 Centrifuge Feed Pumps 15 gpm, 25 ft of head; 0.5 hp w/ VFD 2 Centrifuge 30 lb/hr 1 Floor Sump 15 gpm 1 UF Package System 60,000 gpd with expansion to 120,000 gpd; CIP system 1 RO Package System 60,000 gpd with expansion to 120,000 gpd; CIP system 1 RO Concentrate Storage Tank 12,750 gal; 12 ft diameter x 15 ft shell height 1 Effluent Monitoring System Parshall flume 1 Electrical/MCC/Chemical/Operations Building 65 ft x 50 ft 1 Page 1 of 1

12 65' 0" 30' 0" Bioreactor 15' Blowers EQ Tank 20' RO Feed Tank 8' Electrical UF 27' x 4' RO Effluent Tank 8' RO 22' x 4' Office/Lab 50' 0" Sludge Tank 10' Centrifuge 10' x 4' RO Reject Tank 12' Chemical Storage New Building Rolloff Figure B-2 Preliminary Layout Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Crystal Geyser

13 4" SS 4" SS CGWC Bottling Facility 6" SS 8" to Leach Field Onsite Treatment System 8" to ph Neutralization System Sampling Point 8" 8" ph Neutralization System 8" From CGWC Domestic Sewer System Concrete Tanks Flow Meter 6" 6" To City Sanitary Sewer System Leach Field Junction Box Sewer Manhole Aerial photo source: Google 2015, modified by CH2M HILL. LEGEND Clean out Manhole SS Sanitary sewer Flow direction Industrial process wastewater to leach field and onsite irrigation Domestic Sanitary Sewer WBG RDD FigureALT3-1_SitePlan_CitySwrConnection_V3.ai cmont 08/03/16 0 North 100 Approximate scale in feet 200 Figure ALT3-1 Site Plan: Onsite Treatment with Discharge to Leach Field Crystal Geyser Water Company Mt. Shasta, CA

14 4" SS 4" SS CGWC Bottling Facility 6" SS 8" to Leach Field Onsite Treatment System 8" 8" Discharge to Onsite Irrigation From CGWC Domestic Sewer System 8" to ph Neutralization System Sampling Point 8" ph Neutralization System Concrete Tanks 8" Flow Meter Discharge to Leach Field 6" 6" To City Sanitary Sewer System Leach Field Junction Box Sewer Manhole Aerial photo source: Google 2015, modified by CH2M HILL. LEGEND Clean out Manhole SS Sanitary sewer Flow direction Industrial process wastewater to leach field and onsite irrigation Domestic Sanitary Sewer WBG RDD FigureALT4-1_SitePlan_CitySwrConnection_V3.ai cmont 08/03/16 0 North 100 Approximate scale in feet 200 Figure ALT4-1 Site Plan: Onsite Treatment with Discharge to Leach Field and Onsite Irrigation Crystal Geyser Water Company Mt. Shasta, CA