Dato - Dok.nr. Titel MW Offshore Onshore

Transcription

1 Coal fired power plants becomes even bigger, normal size MW, introduction of smoke cleaning and other inviromental issues grow Even more HVDC lines are build All HVDC lines are integrated in central SCADA system so controls are fired automatically from operational planning system Wind power starts to be a topic MW Offshore Onshore Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 16

2 With the introduction of windturbines > 100 kw and political decisions to support wind the installed capacity grows from a few hundred MW to more than 2000 MW with prioriticed access to the grid A political decision to support natural gas create a market for local gas fired CHP (combined heat and Power) resulting in several 1000 MW of installed capacity with prioriticed access to the grid A new HVDC line to Norway is built Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 17

3 1997-present day Deregulation production and transmission companies established Energinet becomes part of Nordpool spot market Market based system fot acquiring ancillary reserves Common nordic market for secondary reserves New HVDC line between the two danish sync areas, enables sharing of reserves within the country AGC controls in Denmark and Germany connected to avoid unneccesary regulations Huge increase in number of wind turbines installed, introduction of large offshore wind farms Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 18

4 1997-present day Number of conventional power plants drops due to low plant factor owners improve operating range, most coal fired units can operate down to % of max load on coal alone Lack of short circuit power and dynamic voltage controle becomes an issue, reactive components becomes smaller but the number increases PV, the next challenge? Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 19

5 Development from a conventional to a decentralised power system 1980 Today Central power station Local CHP plant Wind turbine CNRED December 12,

6 Grid planning Overview Dato - Dok.nr. 21

7 Denmark is located between a thermaland a hydro-dominated power system Nordic synchronous area Continental synchronous area Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 22

8 Price structure of the Nordic (hydro) and the Continental (thermal) market Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 23

9 Future trends The wind power penetration will increase The market share for the conventional generation in the energy market will continue to fall mothballing and decommissioning Cost of system support from conventional generation will increase when the main product (energy) is not demanded New dc lines will be based on VSC-technology and enable voltage control CNRED December 12,

10 Reinforcement of grid and interconnections A strong transmission grid increases the value of wind energy Wind power to combat climate change

11 Norge Skagerrak MW Skagerrak 1,2& MW Eksisterende forbindelser Besluttede forbindelser Forskønnelsesprojekter Aggersund Konti-Skan 1&2 720 MW Sverige Kassø-Tjele Årslev Engsø Øresund MW Vejle Ådal Kongernes Nordsjælland Horns Rev 1+2 Lillebælt Storebælt 600 MW Roskilde Fjord Amagerværket- Sverige 400 MW 600 MW COBRAcable 700 MW 550 MW Kriegers Flak MW Rødsand Tyskland Kontek 600 MW Dato - Dok.nr. 26

12 Main reasons for grid extensions Integration of wind Enable import and export of power It is not for more consumption Dato - Dok.nr. Titel 27

13 Grid planning The framework and rules Non-delivered energy Static analyses Load-flow Sivael Worst case scenarios Short circuit power Must-run equipment Voltage jump Ramping Dynamic studies Voltage stability Construction relevant studies Connecting wind parks Capacity assessment Dato - Dok.nr. 28

14 Assessment of four consequences 1. Maintain supply and operating security Loss of consumers xx hour/year The value of non-delivered energy Voltage violations Loading violations 2. Allow renewable energy 3. Marked based conditions Allow use of all production units Get full benefit of possible transit Enable trading with neighbor countries 4. Emergency management Enable worst case operation

15 Fault consequences Source: Nordel Dato - Dok.nr. 30