Final report on the activities carried out within Grant Agreement No Action entitled: Environmental accounts - NAMEA Energy

Transcription

1 Ref. Ares(2012) /01/2012 THE CENTRAL STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND Final report on the activities carried out within Grant Agreement No Action entitled: Environmental accounts - NAMEA Energy Eligibility period: FROM TO Warsaw, January 2012 "The action described in this report has been implemented with the financial assistance of the European Union. The sole responsibility lies with the author and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

2 The report was drawn up by the Production Division of the CSO in cooperation with the Energy Market Agency SA. 2

3 CONTENTS I. Introduction...4 II. Work schedule...6 III. Comparison of methodology of energy balances and accounts...7 IV. Study visit in Statistics Austria...8 V. Data sources...9 VI. Energy PSUTs tables Description of tables Description of the methodology of completing PSUTs...18 VII. Conclusions...25 VIII. Summary...26 IX. Bibliography...27 X. Attachments

4 I. Introduction The project entitled Environmental accounts - NAMEA Energy, was realised on the basis of Grant Agreement No of 8 December 2009 and the amendments to the agreement (the first on 31 August 2010 *, the second on 18 April 2011 ** ) in the eligibility period from 1 February 2010 to 30 November The project was realized by Central Statistical Office in cooperation with Regional Statistical Office in Rzeszów (RSO), which is involved in collection and basic processing of data in the field of energy economy and subcontractor Energy Market Agency (ARE SA) ***. Civil law contracts for conducting work were signed with cooperating units. Each stage of work of RSO Rzeszów and ARE SA, according to agreements were accepted with protocol. In frames of project, the experiences of compiling energy accounts shared by Austrian statistics were also used. The aim of the project was to set out the detailed methodological principles for preparing the data to be used in the NAMEA Energy tables (National Accounting Matrix including Environmental Accounts), in respect of energy in Poland, as well as to complete the tables concerning 2009 and The NAMEA Energy accounts (sometimes referred to as the NAMEA Energy Tables) form a substantial part of the NAMEA Accounts dataset, also comprising economic data and data on pollutant emissions by specific economy sectors. Given that the consumption of energy, including especially fossil fuels, is responsible for major emissions of air pollutants, the NAMEA Energy tables are considered extremely significant. The aim of completing the NAMEA Energy tables is to contribute to foster more efficient cross-comparison of pollutant emission data with data on fuel and energy economy. There has been an urgent need to undertake suitable measures in the above area, considering the large interest of the European Union in the gradual development of the European * The first amendment concerned the change of status of ARE SA from third party to subcontractor, ** the second amendment concerned the change of years for which the tables will be completed. *** the procedure of selecting the subcontractor: permanent cooperation, ARE SA has for many years participated in statistical surveys within the official statistics in the feld of energy; it employs highly-qualified staff consisting of specialists in the field of the fuel and energy market. On behalf of the Minister of the Economy, it processes data obtained within departmental surveys and participates in the processing of data obtained from CSO surveys. It takes an active part in the analytical work supporting the creation and implementation of the energy policy of the State. It runs the Data Bank of the Fuel and Energy Economy. 4

5 Environmental Economic Accounts (EEEA), including the energy account, in terms of compiling economy and environment-related information in common frameworks and mutual interaction analyses. Decision No. 1578/2007/EC of the European Parliament and Council dated 11 December 2007 on the Common Statistical Programme for included an express reference to the need for establishing high-quality statistics and accounts related to the environment. The development and implementation plan of the environmental accounts on the basis of Regulation of the European Union and of the Council No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts (adopted on 6 July 2011), provides for, inter alia, introducing the module concerning energy into the legal basis (NAMEA Energy). * Energy accounts are directed at integrated macroeconomic and environmental analyses, and supplement the information provided by energy statistics and balances, which remain the main source of information for energy policy. The specific goal of the Energy Accounts is to prepare the Physical Supply and Use Tables of energy flows (the so-called energy PSUTs). The work in the area of Energy Accounts was planned by Eurostat in three stages: 1. Preparing methodological standards in close relation to international compilations, especially the revised SEEA **. 2. The voluntary obtaining of data from national statistical offices (trial stage) 3. Including the Energy Accounts module in the legal basis of Environmental Accounts. The process of developing the above-mentioned model was started in 2009 and is still at the initial stage, i.e. at the stage of preparing methodological standards. * including the NAMEA Energy module is planned in the second round (within 2-3 years). ** SEEA the System of Environmental Economic Accounts it is a system of satellite accounts to the System of National Accounts (SNA), prepared jointly by UN, EC, IMF, OECD and WB, since 2010 works on SEEA revision have been conducted. 5

6 II. Work schedule Grant Agrement No The following work necessary to be undertaken after which a detailed schedule of work was prepared, including the scope of the work, the implementation order, deadlines for completing individual tasks, and the implementing entity. The work schedule of the NAMEA Energy project Main stages of the survey Work carried out in Specific scope of work Preparing organisational rules and preliminary concept of project work a) Analysing available Energy PSUTs b) Comparison of energy balances methodology with energy accounts c) Preliminary determination of methodological rules for obtaining data for the tables Implementation deadline from September September - November Implementing entity GUS RSO ARE ARE Work carried out in Defining and analysing available data sources in the field of industry Defining method of obtaining missing data in the field of services and transport preparing concept of the questionnaire Work connected with defining contents and preparing interim report Defining method of using results of questionnaire concerning energy consumption in households as a source of data in the area of households November November - December December February 7 Literature-related work continuous work 8 Preparing template for questionnaire for the services and transport sector, and clarifications concerning the method of completing it February - March ARE GUS RSO ARE GUS ARE GUS RSO ARE ARE the work was started with several months delay, due to the fact that the first meeting of the Eurostat Task Force on Energy Accounts was held in May 2010, and due to the adoption of the first amendment on 31 August

7 9 Preparing materials for training in Austria and participation in work summarising the training visit April 10 Carrying out survey June Work connected with analysis and approval of questionnaire results Preparing detailed methodology of obtaining data, and completing Energy PSUTs Preparing algorithms for calculating results data, for completing Energy PSUTs, and preparing methods of estimating missing data Preparing Energy PSUTs for years Work connected with preparing final report including detailed description of actions undertaken and results obtained in Polish June - July July - August September September - November November GUS RSO ARE GUS RSO GUS RSO ARE GUS RSO ARE GUS ARE GUS ARE III. Comparison of methodology of energy balances and accounts In frames of project realization, methodological basis of energy accounts and differences between energy statistics and accounts were studied: Energy Accounts are compiled for various energy carriers, generally for the same ones as Energy Balances; however, the methodological principles of the national accounts (System of National Accounts SNA) are applied, instead of those applied during the implementation of Energy Balances according to the Eurostat and International Energy Agency methodology, The list of carriers in the Energy Accounts is generally identical to that in Energy Balances, though it may be shorter because SNA methodology excludes those products which are manufactured by a unit (industrial plant) for internal use, and which are consumed without prior storing. This means that such carriers as electricity from autoproducing power plants / heat and power plants, heat from autoproducing due to the deadline for completion of the action (30 November 2011) it was decided to complete the tables attached to the documents discussed during the meeting of the Task force in June 2011, 7

8 heat and power plants / heat plants, blast-furnace gas, refinery gas and waste fuels, should not be included in the Energy Accounts, to the extent that they are not intended for sale to other entities. The use of all energy carriers in the Energy Accounts is divided into all energy sectors (2-digit NACE aggregates), therefore, in the case of service divisions, it will prove necessary to conduct a supplementary survey, since in this area a small number of entities are bound by the reporting obligation within the statistical surveys of official statistics carried out so far, Transport in Energy Balances is defined in terms of functions, i.e. irrespective of the ownership and sectoral affinity of the means of transport. Transport fuels in the Energy Accounts need to be assigned according to the sectoral affinity of the means of transport. It is, therefore, necessary to obtain information on fuel consumption by all vehicles included in all economic divisions, and by vehicles owned by households. It is recommended that only the potential balance-sheet difference between the known supply value and the determined use be included in the transport sector, Energy Balances present data according to the Principle of Territory of a given country, whereas the Energy Accounts according to the Principle of Residence of the unit. It is necessary to determine, on the one hand, what quantities of various energy carriers were used by foreign persons in Poland, and then deduct those values from domestic consumption, and, on the other hand, what quantities of energy carriers were used by domestic persons and then add those values to domestic consumption. IV. Study visit in Statistics Austria Due to the considerable experience of Austrian statisticians in terms of conducting Energy Accounts, consultation were carried out on April 2011 in the Statistical Office in Austria. Statisticians from the Central Statistical Office and Energy Market Agency participated in consultations. During the consultations, experts from Statistical Office in Austria presented and discussed the sources of data and conducted surveys used for the preparation of the Energy Balances and Energy Accounts. The Austrian methodology of preparing Energy Balances was 8

9 presented, and the differences between Energy Balances and Energy Accounts were identified. The basic assumption of the Austrian Energy Accounts is the allocation of data from the energy balances in accordance with the format necessary to prepare integrated NAMEA (National Accounts with Environmental Accounts) and the calculation of data for emission accounts. The following issues were focussed upon: The differences between the sectoral division used in Energy Balances by IEA/Eurostat and the NACE classification at level 2 The differences between the Principle of Territory and the Principle of Residence of a unit, Transport defined in functional terms in the Energy Balances, as opposed to sectors defined in economic terms (main type of activity) in the Energy Accounts. The progress made so far in the development of Energy Accounts was presented in the international context, together with the results of the work of the NAMEA Task Force and the international actions planned in the immediate future, including: Three types of flows defined in the revised SEEA: environmental input, products and residues The distribution of energy use and supply tables in physical units (Energy PSUTs) Measurement units How to treat waste and losses How to treat statistical discrepancies The obtained information was used in methodological works and in order to prepare Energy PSUTs for Poland. V. Data sources In order to complete the Energy PSUTs in the industry sector, the following information was used: 1. Data on acquisition and consumption compiled on the basis of the results of statistical surveys within official statistics, mainly on G-02b forms (Balance report on energy carriers and the heating infrastructure) and G-03 forms (Report on fuels and energy consumption). Data on energy from renewable sources was 9

10 supplemented with information obtained from G-02o report (Report on heat energy from renewable sources) whereas data on electricity with information obtained from the departmental reports of the Ministry of the Economy G G-10.11, 2. Data from the reports of the Ministry of the Economy RAF-1, RAF-2, GAZ-1, GAZ-2 and GAZ-3, 3. Data on the field of imports and exports from the INTRASTAT system, which is a statistical system focused on the trade between EU Member States, based on the data coming from INTRASTAT declarations and other systems including the trade without EU countries. On the basis of the above sources, auxiliary collections were established containing data on energy units (TJ), aggregated for the required divisions and groups of PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2, in frames of section B, C, D, E and F (mining and quarrying, manufacturing, electricity supply, water supply and construction). From 2009 energy data are presented in accordance with the Polish Classification of Activities PKD 2007, compiled on the basis of NACE Rev.2. In order to complete the Energy PSUTs, in the services sector the following information was used: data on the consumption of fuels and energy in units of the sector in the years 2009 and 2010, and data on the area of facilities and the number of persons employed obtained from the E-U form which was supplementary survey conducted for the project. The E-U form and clarifications to filling in are presented in Attachment 1. The survey included 2000 units. The sample of units for the survey was selected randomly from group defined below. Sampling frame consisted of medium and large active units, ie employing more than 9 employees, classified by their activity to 40 service industries according to PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2, ie 45, 46, 47 and 55-96, at the end of The sample was selected according to divisions of PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2, and within each division according to the current size classes of entities defined by number of employees (LPS), ie class D - large units: LPS 50 and class S - medium units: 10 LPS <50. Considering the cost and time constraints the number of entities in the divisions of PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 was set at When in some divisions of PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 was less than 50 units then all were selected to survey from division. The number of entities in 10

11 different size classes in divisions was established in proportion to the total number of entities in the division. This provided a representative sample for Poland, which allowed for the generalization of results obtained in the survey according to the number of employees. Forms were sent to 2000 sampled entities from 40 PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 divisions, and 947 questionnaires were completed and returned. The algorithms applied in order to verify the correctness of the questionnaire, entailing the calculation of prices of various fuels and energy carriers, and the quantities of the fuels and energy carriers consumption per employee and per 1 m 2 of facility area, where the entities conducted their activity in 2009 and 2010, made it possible to use 916 of the questionnaires on further work concerning consumption, which accounted for 45.8% of the questionnaires sent. Considering possibility of low completeness of voluntary survey and short time for conducting the survey, the sample was increased to 2000 units in order to obtain results from at least 600 service units planned during preparation of the action. Therefore, it must be considered that completeness of questionnaires was acceptable and did not have impact on quality worsening of the expect results of the survey. The questionnaires were ordered by PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 divisions, and the quantities of various fuels and energy carriers, as well as the numbers of employed persons, were summarised within each division for 2009 and For each NACE division, the quantities of particular fuels and energy carriers, consumed in 2009 and 2010, were generalised using data on the number of persons employed by division in 2009 (source: Persons employed in the national economy in 2009, Table 2. Persons employed by employment status, section and division). The data obtained was converted into TJ using the calorific values calculated for the service sector included in the Energy Statistics 2009, In order to complete the Energy PSUTs on transport, the following information was used: 1. Data obtained from E-T1 form on the consumption of engine fuels and on the number of vehicles used and their annual mileage in transport enterprises. The E-T1 form was an additional survey conducted due to project needs. The E-T1 form and clarifications to filling in are presented in Attachment 2. The survey included 400 units - transport enterprises using trucks and/or buses offering intercity and international carriage services. It concerned all and any vehicles used in such enterprises. 11

12 The sample of units for the survey was selected randomly from group defined below. Sampling frame consisted of medium and large active units, ie employing more than 9 employees, classified by their activity to class (other passenger land transport) and (road transport of goods) according to PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2, at the end of The sample was selected according to mentioned above classes of PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2, and within each class according to the current size classes of entities defined by number of employees (LPS), ie class D - large units: LPS 50 and class S - medium units: 10 LPS <50. Considering the cost and time constraints the number of entities in the classes of PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 was set at 200. The number of entities in different size classes in PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 classes was established in proportion to the total number of entities in the PKD 2007/NACE Rev.2 class. This provided a representative sample for Poland, which allowed for the generalization of results obtained in the survey according to the number of employees. Forms were sent to 400 sampled entities. The number of questionnaires completed totalled 189. Used algorithms for correctness verifying, relying on calculation of annual mileage of vehicle and average fuel consumption per 100 km allowed for usage of 174 properly filled questionnaires, what amounted to 43.5% of all sent questionnaires. The obtained completeness must be considered rewarding, because the filling was voluntary (similar as in case of questionnaire E-U). Results of questionnaires were generalized according to the number of employees. 2. Data obtained from E-T2 form on the sales of engine fuels in the Polish territory. This questionnaire, similar to other two, was an additional survey conducted for project needs. Form E-T2 and clarifications are presented in Attachment 3. The survey included 9 units which were chosen directly companies possessing more than 100 fuel stations. 5 questionnaires were completed correctly. The information obtained through the questionnaires allowed the calculation of the percentage of fuels for foreign vehicles sold in the country in comparison to the total sales in petrol stations. Simultaneously it should be pointed, that respondents of this survey informed by phone, that distinction between domestic and foreign buyers was available only in case of invoicing the purchase. Estimation of quantities sold to foreign private vehicles driving in Poland with 12

13 tourist purpose was not possible. Another complication was added, as drivers taking invoices were making settlements using fleet cards. In order to complete Energy PSUTs concerning households, the following information was used the results of the survey implemented within Eurostat project No Development of detailed statistics on Energy Consumption in Households. In the above-mentioned survey information was used on the consumption of electricity, heat from networks, high-methane and low-methane natural gas, liquid gas, heating oil, hard coal, brown coal (lignite), coke, wood and other biomass, as well as engine fuels, i.e. petrol, liquid gas consumed by vehicles and diesel oil. VI. Energy PSUTs tables 1.DESCRIPTION OF TABLES Energy PSUTs (Physical Supply and Use Tables of energy flows) are there to present the value of supply (ENERGY SUPPLY TABLE) and the volume and directions of use (ENERGY USE TABLE). Energy supply and use tables concern: 1. Primary energy carriers obtained directly from nature, 2. Primary and secondary energy carriers obtained during production processes. The tables have the form of matrices with 93 rows and 142 columns. The names of rows and columns in both tables are identical. In rows, particular energy carriers are specified, and their names are included on the side heading. They form three groups, according to the definition included in updated SEEA documents, and each of the groups is divided into particular carriers, according to the valid CPA 2008 classification. Indication of groups and energy carriers according to CPA 2008 classification is presented in column 2 of the table code. Note: due to the fact that energy carriers in available tables were coded using old CPA classification it was modified according to CPA In some cases energy carriers may not be positioned in table in line with division number but in line with label. 13

14 The contents of the rows is the following (number of rows are in the brackets): A: RESOURCE FLOWS energy flows from the environment to economy (rows 1-22): AA: Non renewables - primary, non-renewable energy carriers obtained directly from nature (rows 2-14), AB: Renewables renewable energy carriers obtained directly from nature (rows 15-22). B: PRODUCT FLOWS energy flows within the economy, with a monetary value; energy carriers obtained in the processes of energy transformations (rows 23-86): CPA.01 Products of agriculture, hunting and related services (rows 24-25), CPA.02 Products of forestry, logging and related services (rows 26-27); CPA.05 Coal and lignite, peat (rows 28-37); CPA.06 Crude petroleum and natural gas; services incidental to oil and gas extraction excluding surveying (rows 38-41), CPA.07 Uranium and thorium ores (rows 42-43), CPA.16 Wood and products of wood and cork (except furniture); articles of straw and plaiting materials (rows 44-45), CPA.17 Pulp, paper and paper products (rows 46-47), CPA.19 Coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuels (rows 48-65), CPA.20 Chemicals, chemical products and man-made fibres (rows 66-70), CPA.35 Electrical energy, gas, steam and hot water (rows 71-82), CPA.37 Sewage and refuse disposal services; sanitation and similar services (rows 83-85), Balancing item use for non-energy purposes (row 86). C: RESIDUAL FLOWS energy flows within economy or from economy to the environment, without monetary value (rows 87-92), CA losses in solid, liquid and gaseous fractions of municipal waste (row 88), CB losses during extraction (row 89), CC losses during transport, transmission and distribution (row 90), CD losses during energy transformations (row 91), CE losses during storage (row 92). ROW: TOTAL SUPPLY BY ACTIVITY AND ASSET the sum of rows 1-92 (row 93). Below is the description of particular columns. 14

15 First column: level shows position of each row in hierarchical structure of table. Second column: code is a code of row connected with NACE Rev. 2 Third column: label is the name of energy carrier. Columns represents sections, divisions and groups according to PKD 2007/NACE Rev. 2. Description of columns representing sections is presented below. In brackets number of columns of given section is put. A: Section A: Agriculture, forestry and fishing (columns 4-7), B: Section B: Mining and quarrying (columns 8-13), C: Section C: Manufacturing (columns 14-42), (In division 24 instead of groups NACE Rev. 2, the split between iron and steel industry (codes: 24.1; 24.2; 24.3; 24.53; 24.54) and non-ferrous metals (codes: 24.4; 24.51; 24.52). Due to lack of data in classes 24.51, 24.52, 24.53, following grouping is used: steel and industry - sum of groups 24.1, 24.2, 24.3 and non-ferrous metals sum of groups 24.4 and 24.5). D: Section D: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (columns 43-47), E: Section E: Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities (columns 48-52), F: Section F: Construction (columns 53-56), G: Section G: Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (columns 57-60), H: Section H: Transportation and storage (columns 61-77) (in division 51 instead of NACE Rev. 2 groups the distinction between international aviation (code 51a) and domestic aviation (code 51b) was introduced), I: Section I: Accommodation and food service activities (columns 78-80), J: Section J: Information and communication (columns 81-87), K: Section K: Financial and insurance activities (columns 88-91), L: Section L: Real estate activities (columns 92-93), M: Section M: Professional, scientific and technical activities (columns ), N: Section N: Administrative and support service activities (columns ), O: Section O: Public administration and defence; compulsory social security (columns ), P: Section P: Education (columns ), 15

16 Q: Section Q: Human health and social work activities (columns ), R: Section R: Arts, entertainment and recreation (columns ), S: Section S: Other service activities (columns ), T: Section T: Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use (columns ), U: Section U: Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies (columns ), Note: Column 131 (X) was created for the purpose of Energy PSUTs tables by Poland. It is summary value for sections G, I-U, as in case of rarely used energy carriers there were difficulties with data obtaining in specific divisions. Beside the structure of supply and use of those fuels in this group are similar so excessive fragmentation seems not justified. We think, that providing data by section is sufficient. Descriptions of columns are below. TOT_NACE: the sum of columns A-F; H; X (column 132), PH Household consumption (column 133), STKCH Stock (column 134), WASTE (column 135), ExTrRe Exchanges, transfers, returns (column 136), StaDiff Statistical differences (column 137), ROW_TOT Exchange with the rest of the world (column 138), IMP_EXP Import (column 139 in the supply table), Export (column 139 in the use table), IMB International Marine Bunkers (column 140), IAB International Air Bunkers (column 141), IRT International Road Transport (column 142), ENV Natural environment (column 143), TOT_PH_to_ENV (column 144) = TOT_NACE + ExTrRe/PH +/ StaDiff + ROW_TOT TOT_TOT (column 145) = TOT_PH_to_ENV. 16

17 The following conditions must be met when completing NAMEA tables: 1. The sums of the values of rows in the Energy Supply and Energy Use tables must be equal, 2. The sums of the values of columns for industry and households in the Energy Supply Table must be equal to the sum of values of corresponding columns in the Energy Use Table, 3. Each energy carrier must be recorded twice - in the Supply table and in the Use Table. 4. Shadowed cells remain empty. Models of Physical Supply and Use Tables of energy flows Note: due to the fact that the headings of the available tables included the old classification NACE Rev. 1.1, it was modified according to NACE Rev. 2 included in Appendix 1 to this document: Energy Accounts: Progress and work planned (Working Group Environmental Accounts Joint Eurostat/EFTA group, Meeting of 28 and 29 March 2011, and updated according to the document Minutes & Conclusions Meeting of the Task Force NAMEA energy accounts Meeting of 7 June 2011 of 30 August

18 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE METHODOLOGY OF COMPLETING PSUTs According to guidelines concerning filling Energy PSUTs tables, prepared by NAMEA Task Force on Energy Accounts, in order to prepare data to fill PSUTs Energy tables sets of auxiliary with data in energy units (TJ) aggregated for required divisions and groups according to NACE Rev. 2 and for energy carriers used in PSUTs Energy tables. In order to fill Energy PSUTs tables methodology described below was used. It is adapted to scheme and wording presented by description of tables content (chapter VI.1). Values in columns presenting sections are calculated as sum of divisions from given section. Values representing divisions 19, 24, 35, 49, 50, 51 are calculated as sum of groups of given division. 2.1 Description of method of filling ENERGY SUPPLY TABLE For rows in: A. RESOURCS FLOWS (NATURAL INPUTS) (flows of energy from environment to the economy) Column: The environment For each domestically produced energy carrier the size of its extraction or production was put in adequate row (Natural gas flaring and venting are not included here, but in partc). For rows in: B. PRODUCTS FLOWS (energy flows within the economy bearing monetary value) Columns for various codes of NACE Rev. 2 (columns concerning sections A-U) For carriers: coking coal, bituminous coal, brown coal (lignite), crude oil in adequate row and column following value is put: extraction own consumption in the sector extracting a given energy carrier 18

19 For carrier: straw and forage in column of division 01 indigenous production was put For carrier: fuel and wood in column of division 02 indigenous production was put For carrier: natural gas in column of division 06 following value is put: extraction own consumption in the sector extracting natural gas transmission losses For carriers: bitumen, biogas, blast furnace gas, coke-oven gas, coke oven coke, derived heat, heavy gas / diesel oil, gas / diesel oil, industrial wastes, LPG, lubricants, motor gasoline, MSW (municipal solid waste), naphtha, other petroleum products, refinery feedstocks, refinery gas, white industrial spirit, sawdust and wood waste and scrap following value is put: production own consumption in the sector producing a given energy carrier For carrier: electrical energy in column corresponding all producing sectors except group 35.1 following value is put: production own consumption in the sector producing electricity For group 35.1 following value is put: production own consumption in the sector producing electricity transmission losses For carriers: hydro power, wind energy, geothermal energy indigenous production was put in respective row and column Column X: Commercial and services (sections G, I-U) For carriers: solar energy, electrical energy, derived heat the summary value for sections G, I-U was put due to lack of information about distinction into divisions Column: Total supply of resources, products and residuals by industrial activities For each energy carrier the sum of columns A-F; H; X was put 19

20 Columns: Exchanges, transfers, returns for each energy carrier produced domestically in respective row the stock change (balance of stock at first and last day of reporting period) was put Statistical Differences for each energy carrier produced domestically in respective row the statistical difference was put Rest of the world: for each energy carrier following value is put: Imports + International Marine Bunkers + International Air Bunkers + International Road transport (components are described below) Imports for each imported energy carrier the value of imports was put (excluding bunker) International Marine Bunkers for carriers: heavy gas / fuel oil, gas / diesel oil value of import bunker of Poland was put (purchase of Polish ships navigating on international waters) International Air Bunkers for carrier jet fuel the value of import bunker of Poland was put (purchases of Polish airplanes flying outside national territory) International Road Transport fuel consumption (gas/diesel oil) of trucks and buses abroad, calculated on the basis of the E-T1 questionnaire Column: Total supply resources, products, and residuals by private households, assets, RoW, and environment for each energy carrier produced domestically in respective row following value is put: Total supply of resources, products and residuals by industrial activities + Exchanges, transfers, returns - Statistical Differences + Rest of the world Components are described above Column: Total supply of resources, products and residuals = Column: Total supply resources, products, and residuals by private households, assets, RoW, and environment According to record presented in chapter VI.1 20

21 For rows in: C. RESIDUAL FLOWS (energy flows within the economy or from economy to the environment without monetary value) In the appropriate columns of sections, divisions and groups by NACE Rev. 2 following values were put: In row: Waste without monetary value number was not given as losses are included in final consumption of enterprises (they are not separated in national statistics) In row: Losses during extraction / abstraction the value of natural gas flared and vented was put In row: Losses during distribution / transport natural gas and electrical energy lost in transmission (in Poland transmission losses of electrical energy are so called statistical difference or technical losses and trade losses (but also non-simultaneity of reading of meters, sales forecasting etc.) In row: Losses during transformation / conversion in respective column representing division following value was put: transformation input transformation output In row: losses during storage value was not put, because they are included in final consumption of enterprises (they are not separated in national statistics) ROW: TOTAL SUPPLY BY ACTIVITY AND ASSET The sum of all rows in a given column was put. 2.2 Description of method of filling THE USE TABLE For rows in: A. RESOURCE FLOWS (NATURAL INPUTS) (energy flows from environment to the economy) Columns for NACE Rev. 2 codes (columns concerning sections A-U) For each produced energy carrier the value of production/extraction by sector in which production/extraction occurs was put. For natural gas it excludes flaring and venting. 21

22 Column X: Commercial and services (sections G, I-U) For solar energy the value of domestic production was put due to lack of information concerning divisions production. For rows in: B. PRODUCT FLOWS (energy flows within the economy bearing monetary value) Columns for various codes of NACE Rev. 2 (columns concerning sections A-U) For all energy carriers used domestically, the value of consumption was put in respective row and column according to following formula: Total consumption own consumption of the sector Note: for all energy carriers, consumption in agriculture was entered in section A no distinction into divisions, due to the lack of information on the division in which the consumption occurred for the following energy carriers electrical energy, derived heat, natural gas, motor gasoline, gas/diesel oil, LPG, other bituminous coal, brown coal (lignite), coke oven coke, and fuel wood the information on consumption in sections G, I- U was estimated on the basis of E-U questionnaires, whereas for other fuels there was no distinction into divisions, due to the lack of information. losses in gas denitrification plants were included in natural gas consumption in group 35.2, due to lack of information from NAMEA Energy Task Force concerning treatment for the following carriers: motor gasoline, gas/diesel oil, LPG in groups 49.3 and 49.4, fuel (gas/diesel oil) consumption by trucks and buses abroad was included (added) on the basis of the results of questionnaire E-T1, and the purchase of foreign vehicles in Poland (deducted) on the basis of the results of questionnaire E-T2. For the carrier: jest fuel there were difficulties with consumption division into domestic aviation (column code 51a) and international aviation (column code 51b) due to lack of data. It was assumed that domestic aviation consumes 5% and international aviation 95%. For the carrier: natural gas, data put into columns for sections G, I-U may slightly differ to data calculated on the basis of surveys, as smaller calorific value was assumed in order to 22

23 balance supply and use (according to balance in publication Energy statistics in years 2009, 2010 ). Column X: Commercial and services (sections G, I-U) For each energy carrier used in this sector, the summary value for sections G, I-U was put. Note: For all carriers except electrical energy, derived heat, natural gas, motor gasoline, gas/diesel oil, LPG, other bituminous coal, brown coal (lignite), coke, oven coke, fuel wood, the value is estimated as the balancing item (no distinction into divisions, due to the lack of information). Column: Total use of resources, products and residuals by industrial activities For each energy carrier used domestically the summary value of columns: A-F; H; X was put. Column: Private households For carrier: electrical energy consumption calculated on the basis of data from the G-10.8 report (Report on the sales/supply and consumption of electricity according to administrative division units) is put For carrier: natural gas consumption calculated on the basis of data from the GAZ-3 report (Report on the activity of gas enterprises) is put For other carriers the value of consumption estimated on the basis of the questionnaire on fuel and energy consumption in households for 2009 (E-GD) was put Column: Statistical differences The value was put for each energy carrier where difference between supply and used occurred. Note: Regarding derived heat, domestic supply is lower than the consumption indicated (this may result from the lack of complete information on heat production, or from an improperly interpreted definition of derived heat by recipients). 23

24 Regarding other carriers the domestic supply is higher than the consumption indicated (this results from the fact that not all enterprises are covered by statistical surveys). Columns: Rest of the world: for each energy carrier following value is put: Exports + International Marine Bunkers + International Air Bunkers + International Road Transport (components are described below) Exports for each exported energy carrier the value of exports was put (excluding export bunker) International Marine Bunkers for carriers: heavy gas / fuel oil, gas / diesel oil value of export bunker of Poland was put (sale to foreign ships in Polish ports) International Air Bunkers for carrier jet fuel the value of export bunker of Poland was put (sale to foreign airplanes in Polish airports) International Road transport the value of purchase of gas/diesel oil by foreign vehicles in Poland, calculated on the basis of the E-T2 questionnaire For rows: C. RESIDUAL FLOWS (energy flows within the economy or from economy to the environment without monetary value) Column: Environment: In row: Waste without monetary value number was not given as losses are included in final consumption of enterprises (they are not separated in national statistics) In row: Losses during extraction / abstraction the value of natural gas flared and vented was put In row: Losses during distribution / transport natural gas and electrical energy lost in transmission (in Poland transmission losses of electrical energy are so called statistical difference or technical losses and trade losses (but also non-simultaneity of reading of meters, sales forecasting etc.) 24

25 In row: Losses during transformation / conversion in respective column representing division following value was put: transformation input transformation output In row: losses during storage value was not put, because they are included in final consumption of enterprises (they are not separated in national statistics) Column: Total use of resources, products, and residuals by private households, assets, RoW, and environment For each energy carrier used domestically in respective row following value was put: Total use of resources, products and residuals by industrial activities + Private households + Statistical Differences + Rest of the world Components are described above Column: Total use of resources, products and residuals = Column: Total use resources, products, and residuals by private households, assets, RoW, and environment ROW: TOTAL USE BY ACTIVITY AND ASSET The sum of all rows in a given column was put. VII. Conclusions Based on the work performed for the purpose of obtaining the deficient data acquisition and table completion processes, the following conclusions have been formulated: 1. The acquisition of data on fuel and energy carriers consumption in industry did not pose any difficulties, as use was made of the data acquired as part of regular statistical surveys of official statistics, 2. The acquisition of data on fuel and energy carriers consumption in the services sector, especially in material services sectors, has posed some difficulties due to specific of this kind of activity relying on: a. There are hundreds of thousand enterprises so full survey was impossible b. The activity of an enterprise if often multi-branch c. The activity of an enterprise if often conducted in many places 25

26 d. Some energy carriers are used in few enterprises Therefore, determining the value of use of fuels and energy carriers, especially rarely appearing, in each of 40 NACE Rev. 2 divisions making service sector was extremely difficult and extension of subject scope for questionnaire G-02b by units from service sector will be necessary. It would be recommended not to specify some divisions in frames of some sections, what would increase accuracy of calculation. 3. The level of accuracy of fuels and energy carriers use estimations is and always will be higher for carriers used commonly, namely electrical energy and natural gas. The estimation of quantities of carriers used by few units is very difficult, because they must be based on very few information obtained during representative and small sample surveys. VIII. Summary As a result of the work carried out within the project, tasks were completed and the assumed final results were achieved, i.e. specific methodological rules of data preparation for PSUTs were defined, and Supply and Use tables for the years 2009 and 2010 were completed. As a result of project realization, in order to improve methodology of data collection and refinement of existing model of data collection and processing, respective rules were introduced to Statistical Work Programme 2013, extending surveys by service sector. Due to the lack of the final version of the tables and methodological guidelines (precise definition some tables items, for example: columns of International Road Transport, International Marine Bunkers, International Air Bunkers; row of Waste without monetary value), the implementation of the work was a significant challenge. It is necessary to continue the methodological work connected with the Energy Accounts module within Statistical Work Programme 2012 and 2013, as the work of the Eurostat Task Force Energy Accounts has not completed its work. Following the introduction of the Energy Account module to the legal basis with the determined duty of reporting data in the field of energy, the knowledge obtained during the project implementation will certainly make it possible to achieve an improved statistical product. 26

27 IX. Bibliography Grant Agrement No Materials from the following meetings Meetings of the NAMEA Task Force on energy accounts", Luxembourg, 6-7 May 2010, 28 March 2011, 7 June 2011, 30 August 2011 available at: m=detailed&sb=title =detailed&sb=title m=detailed&sb=title 2. Energy statistics 2009, 2010, the CSO, Warsaw Employment in the national economy in 2009, the CSO, Warsaw, ARE S.A. Bank Data 5. Preparing detailed data in the field of energy use in households final report, Warsaw, January European Environmental Economic Accounts, the CSO, Regional and Environmental Surveys Division. 27

28 X. Attachments 1. Form E-U and clarifications 2. Form E-T1 and clarifications 3. Form E-T2 and clarifications 4. Energy Supply and Use tables for the year Energy Supply and Use tables for the year