Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Tourism

Transcription

1 Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Tourism Framework, Energy Efficiency, Case Studies and Ideas Carlos A. Santos Silva MIT-Portugal Program Instituto Superior Técnico

2 SUSTAINABILITY: GENERAL FRAMEWORK

3 Sustainability Cultural authenticity!"#$%&' Low environmental impact Bearable Equitable Economic benefits ()+$,")*-).'!"#$%&'(')*$+(,- Viable (#")"*$#' Meet present tourism needs and preserve future tourist needs

4 UN Millennium Goals 1. Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources 2. Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss 3. Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation 4. By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers

5 Ecological Footprint Available in:

6 Human Development vs Ecological Footprint (#"&"/$#%&'0"".1,$).' *-%23,-'"4'.5-'%*"3).'"4'6$"&"/$#%&&7'1,"83#9+-'&%)8'%)8'2-%'%,-%' )--8-8'."'',-/-)-,%.-'.5-',-2"3,#-2'%'53*%)'1"13&%9")'#")23*-2'' %)8'."'%62",6'%)8',-)8-,'5%,*&-22'.5-'#",,-21")8$)/':%2.-' ;3*%)'<-+-&"1*-).'=)8->'!3**%,7'%+-,%/-'%#5$-+-*-).2'$)'%'#"3).,7'$)'.5,--'6%2$#'8$*-)2$")2'?'' %'&")/'%)8'5-%&.57'&$4-' 8-#-).'2.%)8%,8'"4'&$+$)/'

7 Climate Change and Energy 84% of current CO2 emissions (65% GHG) are energy-related

8 Where to decrease CO 2 emissions? DEC' ABC' Source: Energy Technology Perspectives 2010, International Energy Agency

9 How to decrease CO 2 emissions? Source: Energy Technology Perspectives 2010, International Energy Agency

10 ENERGY EFFICIENCY

11 Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Energy Conservation refers to the reduction in the amount of energy consumed in a process or system, or by an organization or society, through economy, elimination of waste, rational use. Eliminate stand-by is a energy conservation measure Using natural light instead of artificial light Energy Efficiency refers to getting more use out of the same amount of energy source Using more efficient appliances Using alternative energy sources Using alternative processes Replace light bulbs by fluorescent lights, controlling light intensity Heating hater with solar energy Heating with gas instead of electricity Using at alternative schedules

12 Energy in Tourism (Hotels, Restaurant) Energy costs represent a significant share of operation costs 4% to 10% of revenue (depending on geography, type of lodging, dimension) - 30 % potential of savings

13 How much does it cost? (US) Source: Global GHG abatement curve, McKinsey

14

15 How much does it cost? (PT) Data PPEC/ERSE Processment CEEETA-ECO Source: ENERGYIN

16 Energy Efficiency Measures in Buildings (PT) AFEGEEE' AEEGEEE' E$F*313/,$%%$ DFEGEEE' DEEGEEE' FEGEEE' E'!"#$ %&'()'*&+*,$ -./0/,$ #1,+*2/,$3*$ 8)12/9:/;<($ =<(,$ =*&9)/;<($ ->+4($ %&*451/,$ 6*&('7'*1,$ %&'134/;/3(,$ 8)12/9:/;<($ 8/)3*14/,$*$ %CD$3*$!?8$ F*313/$ Data PPEC/ERSE Processment CEEETA-ECO Source: ENERGYIN

17 The role of ICT

18 Using at different hours ->+4(,$

19 Using at different hours Energy savings: 0% Cost savings: 5%

20 Environmental behaviors: the power of norms Voluntary Initiatives Descriptive social norm Define a norm that represents the desired behavior Injunctive social norm Adoption of the norm by others H"$)'7"3,'4-&&":'/3-2.2'$)'5-&1$)/'."'2%+-'.5-' -)+$,")*-).I'J&*"2.'KFC'"4'/3-2.2':5"'%,-' %2@-8'."'1%,9#$1%.-'$)'"3,')-:',-2"3,#-'2%+$)/2' 1,"/,%*'8"'5-&1'67'32$)/'.5-$,'.":-&2'*",-'.5%)'")#-I'L"3'#%)'M"$)'7"3,'4-&&":'/3-2.2'$)'.5$2' 1,"/,%*'."'5-&1'2%+-'.5-'-)+$,")*-).'67',-32$)/'7"3,'.":-&2'83,$)/'7"3,'2.%7'

21 Mailand Portugal CASE STUDIES

22 Jardim Atlântico Madeira

23 Energy Efficiency study Medium size Hotels 3*,4* 20 to 50 rooms Conference rooms Spas Large Hotels 4* Up to 100 rooms Evaluate the potential for Solar thermal Cogeneration Trigeneration Biomass

24 Building Energy Solutions Evaluation

25 Results

26 Results

27 Results

28 Energy Consumtpion

29 Energy use per energy service

30 Hotel Energy Solutions

31 IDEAS

32 Energy Efficiency Mandatory instruments: Efficient Lighting Eliminate incandescent Diming with natural light Presence sensors in corridors and rooms Management software HVAC Management software Shceduling, setpoints correlated with external temperature 25ºC summer is fine! 20º winter is fine! Promote natural ventilation during the day in rooms Invest in proper shading systems

33 Fuel switch Solar thermal Hot water Pools Laundry Cogeneration systems Transport (within islands) Walking / Biking Public Transportation Vehicle Renting Car sharing Electric Vehicle

34 Change Processes Cooking Plan energy usage during the day (up to 15% cost savings) Avoid peak hours use of electricity Cleaning Avoid peak hours use of electricity Promote natural ventilation / room shading

35 Promote environmental behavior Energy Management Maintain, operate and manage energy services Promote processes and behavioral changes Define and communicate norms and results Towels Water usage HVAC usage

36 Azores

37 Sustainable Management Summer School Hotel s managers Understand economic benefits Hotel operation managers Knowledge technical solutions Architects & engineers Design solutions Policy makers Adapt regulatory framework

38 The Azores Sustainable Card (?) Voluntary instruments: eco labels prizes awards Challenge guest to be sustainable Deliver a point card to guests Collect points for sustainable activities Use public transportation Walking activities Less use of towels, energy Reward guests Points can be changed by tipical azorean produts in shops Points can be changed in restaurants Points can be changed in touristic activities