RV BELGICA CRUISE 2014/09 CRUISE REPORT

Transcription

1 RV BELGICA CRUISE 2014/09 CRUISE REPORT Subscribers: Institutes: Addresses: Telephones: s: Dr. Kevin Ruddick (KR) Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment (RBINS/OD Nature) RBINS/OD Nature-BRU: Gulledelle 100, B-1200 Brussels +32(0) (KR)

2 Ecosystem: 07/04/ /04/ Cruise details 2. List of participants 3. Scientific objectives 4. Operational course 7. Track plot 8. Measurements and sampling 9. Remarks 1. CRUISE DETAILS 1. Cruise number 2014/09 2. Date/time Zeebrugge TD Zeebrugge TA 07/04/2014 : 13h00B 11/04/2014: 12h15B 3. Chief Scientist Dr. Kevin RUDDICK Participating institutes 1. RBINS/OD Nature 2. Laboratoire d Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université de Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), France 3. Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Norway 4. Brockmann Consulting (BC), Germany 4. Area of interest Belgian part of the North Sea, UK waters (region Thames Estuary/Harwich), NL waters (Scheldt Estuary) DIPCLEAR provided for UK and NL waters 2. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Institute NAME 07-11/04/14 RBINS/OD NATURE Kevin RUDDICK X Bouchra NECHAD X Quinten VANHELLEMONT X UPMC/LOV David DOXARAN X Sabine MARTY X NIVA Marit NORLI X Pierre JACCARD X BC Carole LEBRETON X Total 8

3 3. SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES RBINS/OD NATURE-KR (HIGHROC) The HIGHROC project will carry out the R&D necessary for the next generation coastal water products and services from ocean colour satellite data. These services are aimed at applications such as monitoring of chlorophyll a and turbidity for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and monitoring of suspended sediments associated with offshore activities (dredging, wind farms, etc.). HIGHROC will derive coastal water quality parameters from satellites including a) Sentinel-2 (S2) imagery at 10-20m resolution and b) SEVIRI imagery at 15 min resolution. In situ measurements will be carried out on dedicated test sites and used to validate the new S2 and SEVIRI products. The specific objectives of HIGHROC for RV Belgica cruise were to: Measure the optical properties of suspended particulate matter in various regions including, where possible, regions affected by human activities, e.g. sediment wakes behind offshore windmills and dredging ships, plumes from ports, etc. Compare optical measurements from various systems and partners to ensure comparability of data throughout the HIGHROC project Perform shipborne optical measurements at locations of continuously-measuring autonomous instruments (CEFAS Smartbuoys, RBINS AERONET-OC) to control the quality of the latter. Perform shipborne optical measurements simultaneously with satellite measurements (when cloud-free) to validate the latter. Landsat-8 validation is high priority. 4. OPERATIONAL COURSE All times are given in Belgian local time. All coordinates in WGS84. Throughout the campaign, measurements are performed with the AUMS system. The geographical locations and names, listed in Table 1, are plotted in Figures 2-5. Monday 7 th April 08:00 Arrival Zeebrugge 08:00-09:00 Loading RBINS/Brussels+LOV+NIVA equipment by crane 09:00-12:00 Arrival of RBINS/Oostende equipment including LISST + lugol, loading Preparation of Trios systems (9 radiance sensors front deck, 3 irradiance sensors top desk) Preparation of filtration equipment and AC9 RBINS/Oostende working on thermosalinograph, Ship navigation system being reinstalled 12:00-13:00 Completion of TRIOS installation 13:00 Departure 13:20-13:50 ST01 in Zeebrugge (ZB1MT) 1 st dock, drifting towards quay during TRIOS+LOVCAM 14:45-15:05 ST02 North of MOW1, too cloudy for AERONET-OC Nozzle of vacuum jar broken (RBINS filtrations) 15:30-15:55 ST03 at MS1-A 16:15-16:40 ST04 at MS1-B. Some rain 17:25-17:55 ST05 at MS1-D. 19:00-19:40 ST06 to the East of DS/S1 (DS/S1e). LOVCAM lens protection glass broken when recovering (hit ship) End of measurements. LOVCAM fixed using spare lens protection glass. Transit to WARP in UK waters Tuesday 8 th April Night Anchor near WARP

4 Morning Anchor up and position at WARP 09:00 Briefing for LOVCAM deployment. Decide to complete TRIOS first and allow heading to vary during LOVCAM to simplify deployment and reduce risks. 09:15-09:50 ST07 to the North-East of WARP (SB/WARPne). First LISST deployment (but not flashing). Short LOVCAM to avoid late arrival Thanet. 10:30 Transit from WARP to Thanet Array. No AUMS data. Phoned RBINS/JB: switch on pump Still no AUMS data. Phoned RBINS/JB: restart ODAS. Now some AUMS data, but all AUMS data, e.g. turbidity, followed by M. RBINS aircraft called in taking off later, rendez-vous around 11:30. RBINS aircraft called in again has taken photos, no windmill sediment plumes visible, leaving zone Next 4 measurements correspond to L8 match-up, if cloud-free 12:00-12:15 ST08 at the south of Thanet wind farm (T-SW) first measurement (no LOVCAM) near Thanet Array, current should switch at 12:30. Many fishing buoys making navigation difficult. Moving further South to avoid. 12:30-12:45 ST09 second near Thanet Array, at TS4, no LOVCAM, first good LISST measurement? 13:00-13:15 ST10 third (no LOVCAM), South of Thanet (TS5) 13:30-14:25 ST11 fourth (no LOVCAM), South-East of Thanet (T-SE) Can see no sediment wakes; Moving North-West of Thanet, transit via South edge 16:00-16:45 ST12 at the North of Thanet (T-NW) 17:15-18:00 ST13 at the South of Thanet (TS3) 18:45-19:45 ST14, South-East of Thanet (T-SEb) 19:45 Measurements finished Transit to near ZB for night Wednesday 9 th April Anchor up near ZB 08:30 FieldCal of LOV+NIVA+RBINS TriOS sensors 09:05-09:40 ST15 measurements at W01 10:15-11:00 ST16 measurements at MOW1b. RBINS/Trios repeated at 10:33 to synch with AERONET-OC 12:00-12:15 ST17 at DS/S1b, LOVCAM not deployed to allow transit to aircraft spot radioed at 12:05. 12:40-13:20 ST18 at Plume: spot identified as dredger patch by aircraft (but no ship found). Many large Phaeocystis colonies in water 14:05-14:40 ST19 near C-Power platform (Near CP) 14:40 Waiting for hydraulic repairs before entering windmill park 15:30-16:10 ST20 North of C-Power wind farm (CP/Y4) 16:40-17:20 ST21 South of C-Power wind farm (still waiting for hydraulic fix), at CP/Y0 Decide to wait no longer and head South 17:45 Hydraulic fixed. Turn back North to enter wind farm 18:25-19:00 ST22 inside C-Power wind farm (CP/Y2) 19:40-20:20 ST23 at DS/S1c 20:20 Measurements finished for day, heading to near ZB for anchor Thursday 10 th April Anchor up near ZB 09:00 ST24 08:40-09:05 ST24 at MOW1 09:50-10:25 ST25 at 702NN Scheldt pilot coming onboard 12:00-12:15 ST26 at Sch Mouth #1 (S01-500S), no enough time for LOVCAM 12:30-12:45 ST27 at Sch Mouth #2 (S01), no enough time for LOVCAM 13:00-13:15 ST28 at Sch Mouth #3 (S01-500N), no enough time for LOVCAM 13:35-14:10 ST29 at Sch Mouth #4 (S N)

5 15:05-15:35 ST30 at Scheldt S03 15:55-16:25 ST31 at Scheldt SS2 18:15-19:00 ST32 at Paardenmarkt (Pmarkt) Transit to anchor Friday 11 th April Anchor up near ZB 08:30-09:10 ST33 at S1-Pmarkt dump site 09:20-10:00 ST3 at W04. Winch malfunction, CTD only at surface. 10:30-10:55 ST35 at MOW1d. Winch not working. No LISST and CTD. Water sample by hand 11:30-12:00 ST36 at ZB 1e dok. Winch not working. No LISST and CTD. Water sample by hand 12:15 Arrival at Zeebrugge quay Packing equipment. 15:30 Scientists leave ship End of campaign BE Track plot Figure 1. RV Belgica track (in red) during campaign BE

6 6. MEASUREMENTS AND SAMPLING Date, time T Time N St# ID Station Name Longitude Latitude D m W m/s C /8 LOV NIVA RBINS 07/04, 13:36 13:23 ST01 ZB1MT ' ' R, X IOP,CHL,S R*,ST,W 14:49 14:45 ST02 MOW ' FULL FULL R, ST, W 15:33 15:35 ST03 MS1-A ' ' FULL R, IOP, S R, ST, W 16:17 16:17 ST04 MS1-B ' ' FULL FULL R, ST, W 17:29 17:28 ST05 MS1-D ' ' FULL R, IOP, S R, ST, W 19:09 19:02 ST06 DS/S1e ' ' IOP, R R, IOP, S R, ST, W 08/04, 09:19 09:22 ST07 SB/WARPne ' ' FULL FULL FULL 12:05 12:04 ST08 T-SW ' ' IOP, R R,IOP,CHL R, ST, W 12:33 12:33 ST09 TS ' ' IOP, R FULL R, ST, W 12:59 13:04 ST10 TS ' ' IOP, R R,IOP,CHL FULL 13:34 13:34 ST11 T-SE ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 16:04 16:08 ST12 T-NW ' FULL R, S FULL 17:20 17:23 ST13 TS ' ' FULL R, S FULL 18:49 18:53 ST14 T-SEb ' ' FULL FULL FULL 09/04, 09:03 09:05 ST15 W ' ' FULL R,IOP,CHL R, ST, W 10:18 10:21 ST16 MOW1b ' FULL FULL FULL 12:07 12:06 ST17 DS/S1b ' ' IOP, R R,IOP,CHL FULL 12:36 12:41 ST18 Plume ' ' FULL FULL FULL 14:06 14:09 ST19 Near CP ' ' FULL FULL FULL 15:30 15:30 ST20 CP/Y ' ' FULL FULL FULL 16:36 16:41 ST21 CP/Y ' ' FULL FULL FULL 18:24 18:26 ST22 CP/Y ' ' FULL FULL FULL 19:50 19:50 ST23 DS/S1c ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 10/04, 08:36 08:41 ST24 MOW1c ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 09:49 09:51 ST25 702NN ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 12:14 12:03 ST26 S01-500S ' ' IOP, R R, IOP, S FULL 12:28 12:34 ST27 S ' ' IOP, R FULL FULL 12:59 13:04 ST28 S01-500N ' ' IOP, R R, IOP, S FULL 13:35 13:39 ST29 S N ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 15:03 15:07 ST30 S ' ' FULL FULL FULL 15:55 15:58 ST31 SS ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 18:19 18:20 ST32 Pmarkt ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 11/04, 08:25 08:30 ST33 S1-Pmarkt ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 09:49 09:52 ST34 W ' ' FULL R, IOP, S FULL 10:38 10:45 ST35 MOW1d ' FULL R, IOP, S R, ST, W 11:29 11:29 ST36 ZB 1e dok ' ' FULL R, IOP, S R, W Table 1: List of measurement stations, date and time (local Belgian time CEST = UTC + 2 hours, Time T : TriOS time, Time N : Niskin time), depth (D in m), wind speed (W in m/s) and cloud cover (C) conditions during measurements. For LOV: IOP = Inherent Optical Properties (ac9), R = Trios and X = underwater radiance camera (LOVCAM), FULL = {IOP, R, X}; for NIVA: R = Trios reflectance, IOP = {CDOM, ap, anap, Turbidity}, CHL=Chlorophyll-a and S=Secchi depth, FULL = {R, IOP, CHL, S}; for RBINS/OD Nature: P = LISST (PSD), R = Trios reflectance, W = water samples {TSM, CHL, turbidity}, ST= CTD {Salinity, Temperature}, FULL = {P, R, ST, W}, R* = no Trios-irradiance.

7 Figure 2. Full cruise overview of measurement locations. Figure 3. Locations sampled on Day 1 (left) and on Day 2 (right). Figure 4. Locations sampled on Day 3 (left) and on Day 4 (right). Figure 5. Locations sampled on Day 5.

8 7. REMARKS Cruise objectives were well achieved: 5 days of measurements with a large number of optical instruments in various water masses. With respect to specific objectives: 1. Optical properties of suspended particles were measured in great detail using various instruments. No windmill or dredger sediment wakes were encountered. 2. Radiometer systems from RBINS (1), NIVA (2) and LOV (1) were intercompared intensively. Turbidimeter systems from NIVA and RBINS were intercompared for all stations and water samples were taken by NIVA and RBINS for intercomparison of SPM and CHL measurements. 3. Measurements were made at the CEFAS WARP Smartbuoy and RBINS AERONET-OC stations for intercomparison. 4. Shipborne measurements were made during the two Landsat acquisitions but imagery seems to be cloudy at the RV Belgica locations. Weather was good, allowing complete fulfilment of daytime measurements. Concerning the ship platform: Ship infrastructure performed well. Slight delay entering C-Power wind farm while hydraulic being fixed, but measurements made outside wind farm so effectively no time lost. Problems with CTD winch on last day so CTD and LISST deployments cancelled for last two stations - not a major impact on cruise. Scientific equipment, sampling equipment and instruments The night-time Hydroscatt deployment was cancelled because of unavailability of instrument (currently blocked at customs on return from US calibration). Start-up problems with ODAS/AUMS were reported to OD Nature/Oostende and were fixed. However, much AUMS data was flagged erroneous and all OBS and turbidity instruments seemed to give incorrect data. Other issues/remarks: Sometimes not enough walky-talkies for scientists. 2 walky-talkies for scientists at all time would facilitate communications. Also scientists need to get used to using walky-talkies. Special thanks to the kitchen staff who coped admirably with the incredibly diversity of special dietary requirements. 8. DATA STORAGE The data acquired is being processed by the participating institutions (LOV, NIVA, RBINS/OD Nature) and will be supplied to the Belgian Marine Data Centre. Contact person: LOV David Doxaran NIVA Pierre Jaccard RBINS/OD Nature Bouchra Nechad