Energy-efficient buildings in Germany - learnings and outlook Oliver Rosebrock, Sep 18, Dublin

Transcription

1 Energy-efficient buildings in Germany - learnings and outlook Oliver Rosebrock, Sep 18, Dublin Faciliator

2 Who we are Technology and Innovation Network MNF UNIV.-PROF. DR.-ING. M. NORBERT FISCH Stuttgart Braunschweig Aachen Shanghai Bangkok Partner in Research + Science Steinbeis-TZ Stuttgart EGS-plan Stuttgart energydesign Braunschweig EGSplan Int. Bangkok Institut für Gebäudeund Solartechnik IGS TU Braunschweig Synavision RWTH Aachen TU Braunschweig renewable renewable energy energy applications integral integral energy energy concepts building building physics physics building services Page 2

3 Where we are from Dublin Braunschweig people / km² people / km² people / km² Stuttgart Germany Page 3

4 change [%] German National Energy Plan 100 Long term objectives electricity consump. 25 % 60 How? 40 RE + 60 % primary energy consump. 50 % 20 CO 2 - emission 80 % Page 4

5 Energy-efficiency meet goals of the future Reduction of Integration of Renewable Energy Page 5

6 Reduction of building envelope box-type window insulating glass thermal-insulating glass triple-insulating glazing expanded polystrene EFIS / ETICS External Insulation Finishing System heat insulation plaster glass wool sheets mineral fibre vacuum insulation Page 6

7 Reduction of building services coal stove oil /gas boiler pellets heat pump window HVAC with HR light bulb fluorescent lamp LED Page 7

8 Reduction of overview Building construction external wall monolithic bricks hollow tiles, bricks, sand-lime brick hollow tiles; bricks, sand-lime bricks with ETICS hollow tiles, bricks, sand-lime bricks with ETICS External wall U-value 1,40 W/(m²K) 0,90 W/(m²K) 0,50 W/(m²K) 0,20 W/(m²K) Type of glazing double glazed window insulating glass heat insulating glass triple glazing Window U-value 5,00 W/(m²K) 2,80 W/(m²K) 1,30 W/(m²K) 0,80 W/(m²K) Heat production coal stove oil and gas boilers gas condensing boiler heat pump / photovoltaic Heat distribution decentral with outside air hot water central heating system hot water central heating system hot water central heating system / air heating Page 8

9 Development of energy (heating) source: Fraunhofer IBP, in 6. Energieforschungsprogramm der Bundesregierung, 2011 Gebäudeenergiebedarf nach EnEV (Wohnen) Page 9

10 Development of solar buildings Page 10

11 Development of solar buildings German National Roadmap Energy efficient buildings and cities Goal: By 2020 all new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildings Page 11

12 Examples SFH renovation MFH new SFH new LichtAktivhaus, Hamburg Aktivhaus+, Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg Ffm-Riedberg AktivStadthaus, AktivStadthaus, Frankfurt Frankfurt Aktivhaus+, FFM-Riedberg MFH new Berghalde, Berghalde, Warmbronn Warmbronn Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg Frankfurt Frankfurt Neumarkt Neumarkt Leonberg Leonberg Neu-Ulm Neu-Ulm Konstanz Konstanz WGG, Neumarkt AktivStadthaus, Frankfurt WGG, Neumarkt Frankfurt Berghalde, Warmbronn Schmidtenbühl Schmidtenbühl Neumarkt Leonberg Neu-Ulm Konstanz EPA, Neu-Ulm WGG, EPA, Neu-Ulm Neumarkt Page 12

13 LichtAktiv Haus Hamburg (2010), SFH renovation renovated settler s house from 1950 s 172 m² useful, 132 m² living space Goals: Net-zero energy bulding high indoor comfort (air quality, daylight) renovated stock + new construction Page 13

14 production production production production production production final energy [kwh/m²a] LichtAktiv Haus Hamburg (2010), SFH renovation E-car household building services PV Page 14

15 production production production production production production final energy [kwh/m²a] LichtAktiv Haus Hamburg (2010), SFH renovation E-car household building services PV Page 15

16 production production production production production production final energy [kwh/m²a] LichtAktiv Haus Hamburg (2010), SFH renovation E-car household building services PV Energy Plus achieved! Robust and easy supply system is a key factor! Monitoring as an instrument needed! Page 16

17 Berghalde, Leonberg (2010), SFH new building battery-storage photovoltaics heat pump e-mobil LED lighting household appliances Building Management System (BMS) Page 17

18 Berghalde, Leonberg (2010), SFH new building excellent building envelope openable windows mech. ventilation with heat recovery PV + heat pump concept for energy storage demand site management (DSM) Page 18

19 Berghalde, Leonberg (2010), SFH new building Page 19

20 PV-direct self use electricity supply grid energy quantity [kwh] EnergyPlus Berghalde, Leonberg (2010), SFH new building total solar (PV) energy gain Energy Plus achieved! With Monitoring optimization potentials discovered! total electricity Page 20

21 learnings single family houses EnergyPlus is achievable (Key role: PV + heat pump) Important: optimization reduction + energy production Robust energy supply more important than maximum theoretical efficiency Monitoring a needed system to check and optimize the systems Page 21

22 Speicherstraße, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building Page 22

23 Speicherstraße, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building appartment house 74 flats living area m 2 80 kw P PV 250 kw P 250 kwh PV- power 330 kw p annual gain kwh/a Energy payback time 7 8 years sewage 120 kw th heat pump grid Page 23

24 electrical energy [MWh] Speicherstraße, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building total pv-production PV-self use EnergyPlus electricity supply grid Energy Plus achieved! Sewage water is a senseful heat source! 0 More than 5 stories no Energy Plus Apr 16 Mai 16 Jun 16 Jul 16 Aug 16 Sep 16 Okt 16 Nov 16 Dez 16 Jan 17 Feb 17 Mrz 17 PV-direct self use Page 24

25 Riedberg, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building Page 25

26 Riedberg, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building source: hhs Planer + Architekten Page 26

27 Endenergie Strom [kwh/m²a] Riedberg, Frankfurt (2015), MFH new building consumers PV Energy Plus not achieved! export import grid higher demand + problems with supply system + low efficiency 10/16-09/ Page 27

28 learnings multi family houses EnergyPlus is achievable up to 5-6 stories (Key role: PV + heat pump) energy supply systems have to work properly for reaching EnergyPlus Monitoring needed for control of success and check of working facilities Importance of holistic design and planning Page 28

29 Outlook Smart grid industry Smart Homes Buildings as part of a smart grid Green City Tower district e-mobility Interaction with grid needed residential buildings Smart Buildings increase thermal storages CO 2 - neutral academy nonresidential buildings E-- Mobility demand site management Self-use of PV-electricity more importan than EnergyPlus Page 29

30 Optimization increase of self - supply Operation of all electricity-intensive appliances and units (heat pump) at the same time when power output from the PV is available Use of all available thermal storage (floor heating and buffer) Targeted operation of the heat pump Implementing enhanced control strategies to increase the running time of the heat pump. Increasing the temperature in the buffer Increase of surface and supply temperature of the floor heating increase of battery storage Page 30

31 Optimization increase of self - supply buffer expansion Simulation combination Basis PV-control strategy battery (7 kwh or 27 kwh) night temperature set back total power kwh -2,4 % 0 % --2,4 % + +1,3% + 1,3% + +4,5% + 4,5% + 4,5% direct use of PV-output fraction on power 27 % 28 % 31 % 31 % 34 % 37 % 38 % 41 % 48 % 34 % 36 % 37 % 39 % 42 % 45% 45 % 48 % 54 % all storage applications grid power kwh ,4% - 4,6% - 9,9% - 11,2% - 15,5-15,5% % - 13,3% 17,0 % -17,0% -28,0% Page 31

32 outlook next step districts retail Use of potentials giv consumers and prod (smart) single family house (smart) multi family house local renewable energy local storage systems cross-linked building functions e-mobility electromobility residential buildings non-residential buildings climate neutral city district Page 32

33 Thank you for your attention! Oliver Rosebrock, M. Sc Page 33