Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

Transcription

1 Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae Vol. 25,No. 12 Dec., 2005,. [J ].,2005,25 (12) : ZHA Jinmiao,WANG Zijian. Assessment acute and chronic toxicity and endocrine disruption effects of whole effluent based on early stage development of Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes) [J ]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25 (12) : [ ]:, 3, : : : : 2.,21 d,,.,.,. :; ; ; ; : (2005) :X824 :A Assessment acute and chronic toxicity and endocrine disruption effects of whole effluent based on early stage development of Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes) ZHA Jinmiao,WANG Zijian 3 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco2Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Received 29 June 2005 ; received in revised form 9 August 2005 ; accepted 18 October 2005 Abstract : A bioassay protocol for screening acute and chronic toxicity and endocrine disrupting of whole effluent based on early stage development of Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes) was established and recommended. This protocol belonged to in vivo and partial life stage test. The period of the test was 21 days. The protocol had many advantages such as not depending on expensive apparatus, simple to operate, low cost and multiple outputs. In the paper, the proposed protocol was applied to test potential ecotoxicological risks of typical sewage effluent and industrial wastewater discharges in Beijing city. The results showed that acute and chronic toxicity, teratogenicity and endocrine disrupting could be detected in the sewage effluent and industrial waste water. In comparison of different advanced treatment processes aiming at detoxication, it was found that reverse osmosis could remove most of the toxicants from the waters. Keywords :whole effluent ; toxicity ; endocrine disrupting ; Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes) ; early life stage development, (USEPA, 2002). (,1999),,., (,1991).,,., (2002), (2001), (2002).,, (,2004 ;,2002). :(No ) ; (No. KZCX32SW2431) :(1976 ),,,E2mail com ; 3 ( ) Foundation item :National Natural Science Foundation of China (No ) ;The Project of Chinese Academy Sciences(No. KZCX32SW2431) Biography :Zha Jinmaio (1976 ), male, Ph. D., E2mail : com 3 Corresponding author

2 12 : 1683,, 3, (USEPA, 2002).,, ( Fawell et al, 2001 ; Nasu et al, 2001),. d2rr,,. 1 ( Materials & methods) 111, ( ). (USEPA22002), 24 h. 60 m, (1),,. : 300 ml,500 ml,., Table 1 Common water qualities of industry and sewage effluents ph Π(mg L - 1 ) Π( S L - 1 ) Π(mg L - 1 ) Π d2rr ( Oryzias latipes) ( Kirchen and West, 1976),. 9, 15 min,,, 20 50,,.,. : 1 ml NaCl (10 %) ; 1 ml KCl ( 0130 %) ; 1 ml CaCl 2 2H 2 O (0140 %) ; 1 ml MgSO 4 7H 2 O(1163 %) ; 1 ml (0101 %) ; 95 ml,., 24 h 1. 25, 16 h 8 h ( ) h (USEPA,1996).,, 6,1 1 ( ),4., 100 ml h, h,5,1, 1 (), () 100 ml. 24 h,., , 500 ml. 24 h 2, 15 d.,( ),.,,. 115 SOFTTOXTM 96 h LC 50. SPSS Dunnett s. ( P 0105). :,

3 ( Results) 211 2,,.. 1,,,. ( 2),,,.,, d 2 Table 2 Mainly observing endpoints at different exposure stage Πd 4 d 3 d 15 d ( ) 1 A. ;B. ;C. ; D. Fig. 1 Characters of lesions embryos A. ;B. ;C. ;D. Fig. 2 Characters of deformity larvae, 96 h LC %,. ( 3),96 h LC %,,96 h LC %.,,Π 100 % 96 h , 1215 %., 6715 %, 50 %.,. Π,100 %Π ( 3). 4, 1215 %,, 25 %. 25 %.

4 12 : Table 3 Acute toxicity and lesions of medaka embryos at embryo exposure stage LC 50 (96 h) 7219 % % % 25 % 3317 % 6175 % 6175 % 50 % 6219 % 25 % 25 % nd 1) 6010 % 25 % 50 % nd Π 2) nd 3) nd nd nd 1) ; 2) Π ; 3) nd : 100 %. 4 Table 4 Chronic toxicity and endocrine disrupting of medaka larvae at larvae exposure stage Π 25 % 1215 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 1215 % 1215 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 4) 50 % 1) 25 % 25 % 50 % Π 2) nd 3) 25 % 1215 % 1215 % nd 1) ;2) Π ;3) nd : 100 % ;4) : 50 %. 25 %, ;,25 % ; ;Π 100 %. 4,,.,. 4 Π,,, (1),. 214 d2rr 15 d.,,,,. 15 d,,.,. 4,,,. 25 %,, ;50 %, ;Π. 3 ( Conclusions) 1),. 2),,,,. 3),.

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