Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development, Department of Research Development, Paralimni, Cyprus,

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1 School of Pure and Applied Sciences Environmental Conservation and Management Lab: Chemical Engineering & Engineering Sustainability The ambitious concept of Circular Economy and the influences on Strategic Planning Development Antonis A. Zorpas 1, Voukkali Irene 1,2, Loizia Pantelitsa 2, Katia Lasaridi 3, Chrisina Chroni 3, Jose Navarro Pedreño 4 1 Cyprus Open University, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Environmental Conservation and Management, Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Engineering Sustainability 2 Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development, Department of Research Development, Paralimni, Cyprus, 3 Harokopio University, 4 Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain Presenting Author antonis.zorpas@ouc.ac.cy, antoniszorpas@yahoo.com

2 Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EU) PREVENTION PREPARING FOR RE USE RECYCLING (ENERGY) RECOVERY DISPOSAL

3 Recycling & Waste-to-Energy diverting waste from landfills Municipal waste treatment 2014 in EU 28+ Iceland, Switzerland and Norway -Source: EUROSTAT 44% Recycling + composting 44% 50% 51% 55% 58% 64% 37% 33% 39% 45% 47% 46% 61% 40% 18% 12% 25% 25% 25% 30% 32% 31% 31% 12% 33% 19% 10% 9% 15% 12% 21% 2% 19% 16% 12% 17% 2% 8% 54% 43% 45% 6% 35% 27% 27% Incineration 21% 50% 35% 56% 83% 82% 88% 81% 92% 76% 74% 75% 54% 35% 44% 50% 54% 48% 38% 49% 53% 55% 56% 59% 60% 46% 39% 42% 49% 28% 26% 28% 34% Landfill 17% 18% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 4% 3% 8%

4 Circular Economy Package, which includes revised legislative proposals on waste to stimulate Europe's transition towards a circular economy which will boost global competitiveness, foster sustainable economic growth and generate new jobs

5 Why Circular Economy?

6 Why Circular Economy? Critical Minerals Antimony Beryllium Cobalt Fluorspar Gallium Germanium Graphite Indium Magnesium Niobium PGMs (Platinum Group Metals) Rare earths Tantalum Tungsten Πηγή: release_memo _en.htm

7 World Bank Projections for the year 2025 High Income 2.1 Kg/capital/day Uper Middle Income 1.2 Kg/capital/day 2012 Lower Middle Income 0.79 Kg/capital/day Lower Income 0.6 Kg/capital/day 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Waste generation in relation with incomes

8 Targets to be achieved on 2030 In particular increasing the share of municipal waste prepared for reuse and recycling to 65%, Increasing the share of packaging waste prepared for reuse and recycling to 75% (with specific targets for various materials used in packaging Reduced MSW disposed of in landfills up to 10% Setting minimum requirements for extended producer responsibility (to treat their products at the end of their life) Promoting prevention (including for waste) and re use Increase life products Strictly prohibition of the landfill of separate collected waste Promoting incentives for the adoption of the industrial symbiosis concept

9 The main research question nowadays is how small Municipalities in insular communities will adapt to the concept of circular economy.

10 Eurobarometer survey, (2012) In EU > 23 m SMEs in Cyprus > millions of Jobs are offered from 99% SMEs in 500 millions of Citizens (EU 28)

11 But how can we increased environmental performance in SMEs and adopt Circular Economy package =

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13 What happens after from 2 years implementation of Strategy Plann? i. Recycling Stopped Prevention - Activities Stopped (periodically) ii. the interest has decreased significantly for many reasons as citizens do not believe that thinks can changed, iii. citizens (especially the target groups) didn t see or realised any catchable result (for example they didn t pay less taxes) iv. enthusiasm has left, v. micro management in local political level lead to cut off the recycling program saying (Municipality Council) that GDC overcharge for their services, vi. scarcity and lack of confidence in the existing political system

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15 Dr. Antonis A. Zorpas Chemical Engineer(B.Ch.E, M.SCh.E)/Environmental Engineer (PhD) Lecturer Prof. Cyprus Open University European Commission President of Cyprus Environmental Engineers and Science Council Consultant of Cyprus Commissioner of the Environmnet Head of Laboratory of Chemical Engioneering and Engineering Sustainability Tel: