Development of a need-oriented Technology radar for Sustainable Energy Technologies

Transcription

1 Development of a need-oriented Technology radar for Sustainable Energy Technologies Carmen Dienst Willington Ortiz, Manfred Fischedick Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy Research Group 1 - Future Energy and Transport Structures IAEE Vienna 10th European Conference Energy, Policies and Technologies for Sustainable Economies 09 September 2009

2 General Background Why did we build up WISIONS initiative? Access to clean and affordable energy is necessary for future security of energy supply helping to reduce GHG-emission a prerequisite for economic, human development, reducing poverty vital for achieving Millennium Development Goals There s increasing attention on Renewable Energy by political arena ( Renewables 2004 in Bonn; Founding of IRENA; Current climate change and energy future discussion...) Promising examples and ideas at the very local level exist, but still implementation often hindered Lack of technical know-how; Lack of co-operation and Financial, administrative and social barriers Necessary to foster more innovative sustainable energy projects especially those button-up approaches ( grass roots initiatives ) and promote knowledge transfer on good practices I 2

3 WISIONS objective and activities WISIONS is an initiative of Wuppertal Institute, financially supported by ProEvolution It is successfully working since 5 years (since 2004) WISIONS objective is to to combine spreading knowledge of existing successful good-practice projects with progressing the realisation of new project ideas Activities PREP - Promotion of Resource Efficiency Projects Brochures on specific issues to showcase good-practices on successful projects Decision process based on SD criteria Closed 2008 SEPS - Sustainable Energy Project Support Annual call for applications with a budget of 0,5 Mio. Innovative project ideas with high replication potential The applications have to fulfil SD criteria and need an implementation strategy 5 rounds so far; support of 47 projects in more than 25 countries 3

4 PREP Outputs Twelve brochures Resource efficient construction Energy and water Sustainable Transport Sustainable Tourism Microfinance and Renewable Energy Energy in Schools Corporate Energy and Material Efficiency Sustainable Biofuel Production and Use Energy and Sustainable Food Processing Energy and Poverty Reduction Solar Cooling Water for Energy and Energy for Water All still available as download or paper brochure 4

5 SEPS Project Map Sustainable Energy Project Support SEPS I SEPS II SEPS III SEPS IV SEPS V completed non-completed Update: December 2008

6 Guiding questions Technology radar 1. How to meet energy-related need through the application of technological feasible solutions given the availability of specific energy resources? 2. Which social and environmental impacts are related to the application and use of the single technologies? 3. What are the future perspectives of each energy technology? e.g. expected technical and cost development 4. Can the implementation of a technology contribute to the meeting of local and global challenges (e.g. climate change mitigation; fair and sustainable generation of wealth)? 5. And what is or will be the global relevance of the technology? 6

7 Operation Starting point is the definition of a target need; a specific energy-related need that should be met through technology solutions Four tasks of radar operation: 1. Searching of technological solutions Single technologies and special technology systems are pre-classified according to their potential to provide solution to the target need 2. Screening technologies with future perspectives Evaluation of relevance for energy system of the future through special criteria: Envisaged technical and economical development; ecological impact; climate change mitigation potential; Impacts on the global energy system, MDGs and on social networks 3. Recording the results Outcomes of analysis are integrated and reprocessed to generate new information sources on specific target need; Presentation in the Internet and issuing of brochures on specific technology families 4. Spreading the results Through WISIONS network; conferences and workshops; regional partners etc. To manage and storage the information flow, a Data Management System is necessary (DMS) 7

8 Data Management System Based on Energy provision system Structure of DMS reproduces the general structure of any energy provision system : Energy resources Technologies for energy provision Technologies for meeting the needs Technologies for reduction of energy demand Needs 8

9 Energy Needs General structure of energy related needs Energy-related Needs Electrical Applications Water Issues Food Issues Climatisation Transport Electrification Lighting Communication Heating Pumping Irrigation Desalination Cooking Backing Drying Freezing Warming Cooling Persons Local Regional Goods Concept of Energy Needs refers to collection of standard applications of energy for a wide range of sectors Energy touches upon different activities of human life Although electrification does not strictly belong to end applications of energy, it is regarded as essential for modern life 9

10 Which energy technologies? Collection Energy Technologies In order to address the universe of energy technologies and identify its elements and relations, the technologies were classified in eight fields: Extraction/Collecting Conditioning Transportation Transformation Storage Distribution Demand Reduction Application 10

11 Which objects? Collection Energy Technologies The concept of Technology involves a number of issues related with the knowledge and uses of tools and skills. In the case of energy: Single devices: a PV module an hydraulic turbine Processes: the Hot-dry-Rock method, the anaerobic digestion. Complete systems: a solar home system, a mini grid based on hydraulic power, a geothermal power generation plant, a CHP unit fuelled by biogas 11

12 Technology block Schematic view of energy provision chain Provision of technology can be seen as chain of interconnected single technologies Relation to a higher member in a technology family Technology Is a provider of Energy Outputs Energy Inputs Is a user of Attributes: Name Type Power Capacity Evaluations Relation to a lower member in a technology family Energy technology can be regarded as block related to other blocks (technologies) related to resources to one / more needs With relation to a higher member and a lower member 12

13 Reference System Target need village electrification 13

14 Conclusions and Outlook Proposed Technology Radar should provide a scientifically founded source for efficient information transfer on RE technologies Shall serve as helping tool for different actors with basic needs or interested stakeholders (project developers; politicians; communities; NGOs) Focus on Technologies appropriate for Developing Countries Key questions focus on future prospects of the considered technical solutions With the integrative approach, the radar can help assessing overall advantages and impacts, it leads to a more complex view on sustainable low-carbon options provides illustration between availability of resources and applicability of RET Internet launch of Technology Radar in autumn 2009 (hopefully!) First brochure in December

15 Blank Thanks for spreading the initiatives idea

16 General Background Why do we need a Technology Radar? II Since beginning of new century, there s been an impressive growth of RET Some grew 15 30% per year; Grid-connected PV solar increased even 60% annually However, global energy demand rises; and share of RE showed stagnancy 13% of global primary energy demand (IEA conservative figures) Experiences show the need for improving the knowledge and information transfer among different actors Several studies on potential of RE technologies exist, BUT comprehensive overviews are few It s important to illustrate the linkage between energy-related human needs and available technological solutions A wider pool of criteria beyond technical ones is necessary to evaluate suitability and sustainability of technologies in the future Technology Radar aims at offering an information tool on technical solutions that can be applied to tackle energy related needs; covering technical issues, illustrating on social, environmental and economic aspects as well as future perspectives. 16

17 Collection Energy Technologies (v) Example of two technology groups (families). [Heat sources] Heat Collectors (Wärmekollektoren) Ambient Air (Luftkoll.) providers [Process heat] users Heat Pumps [Process heat] Parents Childs Ground Heat Vapor Compression HP Vertical (Erdsonde) Electric Motor Ground Water Lake/River Water Horizontal (Erdkoll.) Internal Combustion Engine Stirling Engine Vuilleumier Engine Sea Water Waste Water Absorption HP Adsorption HP

18 Needs useful energy Electrification Scale Single House Village Region Energy Technologies Demand reduction Application Storage Distribution Transformation Transportation Conditioning Extraction/Collecting In a reference system the potential technology portfolio of each target need can be illustrated. primary energy Energy resources Sun Radiation Biomass Wind resources Hydraulic resources Ocean resources Geothermal resources Other thermal resources Fossil resources Nuclear resources

19 Overview General Background WISIONS - approach and activities Technology radar Guiding questions Methodology Data management system Reference system Conclusions and Outlook 19