Carbon capture from waste-to-energy in Oslo. Jannicke Gerner Bjerkås Chief of Staff WDC, August 2017

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1 Carbon capture from waste-to-energy in Oslo Jannicke Gerner Bjerkås Chief of Staff WDC, August 2017

2 Fortum Oslo Varme, the new joint venture 3

3 Waste; a problem and a resource Huge health, climate and environmental challenge Almost 4 bill. tons of waste generated yearly Energy recovery best solution for sorted waste Carbon Capture gives great global transfer value

4 Fortum Oslo Varme Klemetsrudanlegget Green energy recovery of sorted rest waste Renewable heat and electricity from waste heat Norway s largest WtE-plant Capacity: ( ) t./year, 45 t./h We cut CO 2 emissions every day! Norwegian and international residual waste Direct incineration of special waste El production: 148 GWh (2017) Heat sales: 690 GWh (2017) Large re-investments

5 Oslo s cycle based waste system Extencive source sorting (City of Oslo) Two optical sorting plants (CoO) One biogas plant (CoO) Two WtE plants (CoO/Fortum) District heating system (Fortum) Fortum Oslo Varme is an important actor in Oslo s green shift 5

6 District heating and electricity production The combustion process needs cooling -> waste heat Waste heat from the incineration process is utilized to produce el and district heating The boiler is surrounded by water pipes in a closed circuit El: Steam to steam turbine, minimum 380 C DH: Hot water via heat exchangers to DH grid

7 Incineration and flue gas Incineration process Oven temperature at least 850 C Metals in bottom ash are recovered Advanced cleaning technology Activated coal binds contaminants El-/physical filter removes particles Scrubber removes HCl and SO 2 SNCR and SCR reduces NOx Fly ash and sludge landfilled (haz. waste)

8 Rest products after incineration Fly ash Bottom ash Flue gas Establishing carbon capture opens new possibilities for reducing emissions Landfill hazardous gains waste both the Metal climate recovery and + the landfill local environment Climate emissions (CO 2 )

9 Carbon capture at KEA - status Tests show stabile CO 2 capture; 90 % capture efficiency Strong similarities with flue gas from coal - transfer of experience Removes both fossile and biological CO 2 (60 % bio CCS) Builds local and spesific competence, global transfer value «Green" jobs both in construction and operational phase About 400 tons CO2 yearly from KEA, potential app. 600 tons Another 150 tons CO 2 from plants at Haraldrud

10 Great transfer value Large global waste market WtE plants extensive sources of emissions 450 plants in Europe, app. 700 in the world 82/120 mill t. incinerated yearly in EU/world 98 mill. t. landfilled yearly in EU Heavily regulated waste business

11 CCS from Waste-to-Energy can be profitable The company expects cost coverage and a small profit Acceptable risk weighed against possible benefits: Climate criteria in public tenders of energy recovery makes low CO 2 -footprint profitable in the long run A brand new product for the WtE-business WtE can produce electricity, utilizing waste heat to capture biological CO 2 Using CCS to produce Hydrogen from natural/shale gas; steam reforming (CH4 + steam -> H + CO2 (CCS)) Combine WtE, gaspower and CCS; building the new renewable infrastructure for USA «Polluter pays»; CO 2 -fund and plastic tax? Quota sales (BIO-CCS) in «non-quota sector» 11

12 Reduced climate emissions throughout the value chain 1. Reduced landfilling prevents methane emissions 2. Recycling saves CO 2 by replacing new raw materials 3. Sorted residual waste replaces fossile heat sources 4. CO 2 post combustion capture 5. Carbon critera in tenders will stimulate the market for CCS 6. Bio CCS; climate positive! 12

13 Challenges «Polluter pays»; You as a consumer as well! Waste is a problem that must be solved; WtE is part of the solution and shouldn t be "punished" with new fees Expensive first of a kind plant We need to spread the technology and create a robust business model

14 Conclusion Carbon capture is possible and neccessary! Great potential in the waste sector Carbon capture from waste incineration fits well in a sircular economy Creates new industry, new jobs and utilizes national resources in a new way.

15 JOIN THE CHANGE!