Sharing innovative experiences of ecosystems. and restoration opportunities under the LVWATSAN platform

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1 MBABAALI JAMES LUMBUYE CHIEF TECHNICAL ADVISOR Lake Victoria Water & Sanitation [LVWATSAN] Initiative UGANDA. Sharing innovative experiences of ecosystems management and restoration opportunities under the LVWATSAN platform

2 BACKGROUND Lake Victoria is the world s second largest fresh-water lake and the largest in Africa, with a surface area of 68,800 km 2. It is a trans-boundary water resource shared by Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Rwanda and Burundi lie in the upper watershed that drains into the lake. The lake s lake catchment area covers 193,000km 2 with Tanzania occupying 44%, Kenya 22%, Uganda 16%, Burundi 7% and Rwanda 11%.

3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC The Lake s contribution to the socio-economy of the region is associated with the following: the largest inland water fishing sanctuary; a major inland water transport linkage for the E.A region; a source of water for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes; a major reservoir for hydro-electric power generation; and a major climate modulator in the region.

4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC II It is estimated that more than 80% of the basin s population are engaged in agricultural production; with another 10% engaging in livelihoods that are directly or indirectly related to the lake s fish resources. It is estimated that 50% of the Lake Victoria basin population lives below the poverty line. In recognition of its rich biodiversity and importance, the EAC has declared the lake basin a regional economic growth zone.

5 RATIONALE This Initiative was the result of concerns raised by the international development community on the changes in the lake s ecosystem arising out of natural and/or manmade causes, that necessitated the forging of robust partnerships in order to produce sustainable and resilient urban forms able to mitigate against the ecological footprint of the small urban centres that dot the Lake s Basin.

6 OBJECTIVES OF THE LVWATSAN INITIATIVE The main objective of the LVWATSAN Initiative was to demonstrate (model set) that the MDGs for water and sanitation could be achieved in most secondary towns with modest level of investments. It s specific objectives being to: Support pro-poor water and sanitation investments in the secondary urban centres in the Lake Victoria Region; Build institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of improved water and sanitation services;

7 OBJECTIVES OF THE LVWATSAN INITIATIVE II Facilitate the benefits of upstream water sector reforms to reach the local level in the participating urban centres; and Reduce the environmental impact of urbanization in the Lake Victoria Basin

8 FINANCING FOR PHASE I The initial funding for LVWATSAN Initiative (Phase I) was as follows: Government of the Netherlands, $16.40 million (about 79% of the total funding); UN-Habitat, $ 2.30 million (about 11% of the total funding) by the mostly in the form of training and capacity building activities; and National Governments, $2.02 million (about 8% of the total funding).

9 SCOPE UNDER PHASE I Phase I was implemented in 7 towns: 2 towns each from the three participating EAC countries of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania; plus one town (Mutukula) that straddles border between Tanzania and Uganda. Now in its phase-out stage it resulted in the extension of water and sanitation access to 328,000 persons.

10 FINANCING FOR PHASE II In December 2010, the AfDB approved a Grant from its regional window to the tune of $75.43 million to expand the programme to another 15 towns in the five (5) EAC countries; with National Governments, will contribute $8.96 million (about 12.5% of the total funding). The Grant was declared effective in Dec 2011 and implementation has started.

11 SCOPE UNDER PHASE II LVWATSAN Phase II will be implemented in 15 towns: 3 each from the five participating EAC countries of Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Tanzania. Phase II will result in an extension of water and sanitation access to another 850,000 persons. Using the lessons learnt from Phase I, UN- Habitat will provide Training/Capacity Building services.

12 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITES Objective 1: Water Supply 195 rainwater harvesting tanks; and With 8 boreholes drilled; 34 new pumps purchased/ installed; 5 water treatment plants now operational; 9 major storage tanks constructed; 55 km of pipes installed; and approximately 64 water kiosks constructed. Service providers have now been able to increase the number of household connections from 12,901 at the start of the programme to 21,492, an increase of nearly 70%.

13 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITIES Objective 1: Sanitation Improvements rehabilitation (construction) of (new) treatment plants; 5886 household sanitation facilities have been constructed benefitting about 64,500 vulnerable persons as part of the micro-credit revolving fund scheme; and public sanitation facilities have been constructed in at least 79 locations in congested slum areas, schools, health centres, prisons and public markets.

14 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 1 In line with it s Medium Term Strategic Institutional plan (MTSIP), country level activities implemented by the Lake Vic Team were guided by the UN-Habitat s Enhanced Normative and Operational Framework (ENOF). Demonstrating an integrated approach to the provision of basic services and enhancing capacity at the local levels in the towns.

15 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITIES The TCB program was delivered between Sept and June 2011; the UN-Habitat through the ICBI partners designed a total of 28 capacity development modules under two components, namely: 1.Fast Track Capacity Building Programme implemented by the NWSC, targeted the Utility Corporations/Boards in the towns of: Kisii, Homa Bay, Bukoba, Muleba, Bunda, Bondo and the Lake Victoria South Water Service Board (Kenya).

16 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITIES 2. Integrated Capacity Development Program implemented by, NETWAS International addressed a range of institutional issues, the capacity development interventions developed were unique and delivered under four (4) thematic areas, namely: a. Water, Sanitation and the Environment b. Pro-poor Governance c. Gender and Vulnerable Groups; and d. Local Economic Development.

17 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 2 In order to engage with the town actors in coordinated and coherent actions towards WatSan service improvements deemed crucial in the towns; The LVWATSAN s capacity building model has now been recognized as a best practice the most important innovation being that it enhances the capacity of the Water Sector in promoting the Green Economy.

18 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 2 Water and the Green Economy Capacity Development Aspects, published by the United Nations University on behalf of UN-Water. An estimated 3000 people from the 11 towns benefited from the training activities.

19 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 3 As the lead agency in the UN system for urban water & sanitation issues and a member of the UN Millennium Task Force for Water & Sanitation, the Lake Vic Team (UN-Habitat) from the onset adopted a strengthened partnership and network -ing strategy guided by its Enhanced Normative and Operational Framework (ENOF).

20 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES This helped them was to mobilize partners from the local/national/regional /global levels whilst ensuring that the UN-Habitat plays it s catalytic role of going to scale through pre-investment and innovative finance. The LVWATSAN model has now been accepted by the EAC and the AfDB as a Regional Public Good that can contribute to the reversal of the pollution of Lake Victoria.

21 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 3 (Conti) Furthermore, the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) for Urban Schools Project which was initially started with 10 schools in Kenya under LVWATSAN (Phase I) is now being up-scaled to a further 20 schools in the 3 EAC countries of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania with support from the Coca Cola Foundation. This will benefit over 18,000 students.

22 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITIES Under Objective 4 In the area of environmental sanitation, the program: 1.provided equipments (a total of 14 small tractors, 16 tractor-trailers and 20 skip containers ) and related training to improve the collection and disposal of solid waste and their subsequent operations that would result into a significant reduction in then pollution load entering Lake Victoria;

23 RESTORATION OPPORTUNITIES Under Objective 4 (conti) 2.the Kenyan towns of Kisii and Homa Bay, had their sewerage systems rehabilitated and extended employing in-part the Low-cost Smallbore Sewerage Technology (LSST) with Bio-gas Option and this resulted into over 1,100 new sewage connections; and 3.Feasibility studies were being undertaken to replicate the same (LSST with Bio-gas Option) in the towns Bugembe and Kyotera of Uganda.

24 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 4 To tackle the water pollution problem, required enhanced forms of citizenship engagement and so the Program introduced the Multi-Stakeholder Forums (MSFs) representing the various interest groups at the local/town level. The MSFs were supposed to enrich the decision making process (coherence and pro-poor focus); plus provide continued feedbacks from the grassroots on outcomes and impacts of the Initiative.

25 INNOVATIVE EXPERIENCES Under Objective 4 (conti) The polycentric approach of the Initiative also encouraged self-organizing efforts at multiple levels in response to the real threat of urban services becoming unsustainable. A participatory monitoring framework the Lake VictoriaInfo software tool was developed and was supposed to provide a systems perspective, on the pollution impact of urbanization on the Lake.

26 CONCLUSIONS The LVWATSAN Initiative has indeed provided a robust model for national authorities and donors (including international financing institutions) alike to achieve the water and sanitation related MDGs in secondary towns situated in the Lake Victoria Basin. This in turn has reinforced the UN-Habitat s role as the agency of choice for those working on urban sustainability.

27 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING