Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the Proposed

Transcription

1 Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the Proposed Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Solid Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Submitted by: M/s. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd., 49/A, 2 nd block, 3 rd Stage, 3 rd Cross, 4 th Main, Basaveshwaranagar, Bangalore , Karnataka State bng.ecopark@gmail.com Consultant Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited. Hyderabad (QCI/NABET Approved - Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1013/016) December 2014

2 Table of Contents S.No Description Page No QCI - NABET Certificate Page -1 NABL Certificate Page -6 Declaration of Experts Page -7 Terms of Reference TOR-1 Terms Of Reference Compliance TOR-2 Chapter-1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the report Identification of the Project and Project Proponent Identification of the Project Proponent Correspondence Address of the Project Proponent Identification of the Project Purpose of the EIA Report Brief Description of the Project Nature of the Project Location of the Project Objective and Scope of the Study Scope of EIA Ramky s Approach for the EIA Study Study Period Layout of the EIA Report Chronologies for Obtaining EC 1.9 Chapter-2 Project Description 2.1 Need For The Project Objectives of the Project Justification of the Project Project Location, Boundary & Site Layout Collection & Transportation of Hazardous Wastes Common Facility for Treatment of Liquid And Solid Wastes Capacity Land Required Water Requirement Treatment Scheme 2.6

3 2.4.5 Concept of Incineration Incineration System Design Design Details Storage of Incinerable Hazardous Waste Waste Feeding Combustion Chambers Rotary Kiln Secondary Combustion Chamber Pollution Control Devices Sources and Suppliers of Wastes for Treatment and Disposal Land Allocation 2.17 Chapter-3 Description of the Environment 3.0 Introduction Baseline Environmental Studies Monitoring Period Site Description Meteorology Climatic Conditions Temperature Humidity Rainfall Wind Pattern during winter Season Sampling Locations Basis for Selection of the Monitoring Locations Ambient Air Quality Parameters for Sampling & Sampling Frequency Air Quality Scenario in the Study Area Water Quality Water Quality Assessment Water Quality Scenario in the Study Area Noise Environment Sources of Noise Noise Levels in the study Area Regional Scenario Traffic Study Soil Quality Studies Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations 3.27

4 3.8.2 Regional Scenario Biological Environment Socio Economic Configurations of the Area General Approach Methodology used for Data collection Primary Data Description Community Infrastructure facilities Google Imagery and Topo map for 10 km radius Landuse Landcover 3.46 Chapter-4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4.1 Introduction Impact On Topography And Landscape Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact On Water Environment Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact on Air Quality Construction Phase Operation Phase Prediction of Impacts on the Air Environment Atmospheric Dispersion of Stack Emissions Point Sources Impact on Noise Quality Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact On Traffic Volume Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact On Ecology - Flora And Fauna Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact Due To Solid Waste Generation Construction Phase 4.11

5 4.8.2 Operation Phase Impact On Land Use Construction Phase Operation Phase Impact On Socio Economic Conditions Impact On Cultural Aspects And Tourism Impact On Health, Sanitation And Aesthetics Natural Disasters Earthquakes 4.13 Chapter-5 Analysis Of Alternatives 5.1 Introduction Technological Aspects Treatment Alternatives Transportation Alternatives 5.3 Chapter-6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Environmental monitoring plan Construction Phase Operation Phase Environmental Laboratory Equipment Environmental Management Cell Pollution Monitoring Facilities Reporting Schedules of the Monitoring Data Public Health Monitoring Budgetary Provision for EMP 6.9 Chapter-7- Additional Studies 7.1 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan Risk Analysis Evaluating Hazards Identification of Major Hazard Installations Based On GOI Rules, as amended in 1994 & Identification of Toxic, Flammable, Explosive Chemicals Applicability of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous 7.3 Chemicals Rules, 1989 & subsequent amendments Storage facilities of hazardous chemicals Nature Of Possible Hazards 7.4

6 7.2.5 Maximum credible accident analysis for diesel storage area On-Site Emergency Plan Elements of Planning Emergency Personnel s Responsibility During Normal Office Hours Infrastructure Operational Systems During Emergency Communication System Warning System & Control Mutual Aid Disaster Management Waste Spillage Control Plan Safety Measures during Power Failure Risk & Disaster Handling Procedures First Aid Measures Assembly Point Fire Prevention Facilities Emergency Plan during Transportation of Waste Material Services Support System Relief to the Victims Checklist for Capability Assessment Testing and Updating Of the On-Site/Off-Site Emergency Plan Testing of the Plan Types of Exercises to Be Performed Responsibility, Frequency and Procedure For Evaluation Accident Reporting 7.16 Chapter-8 Projects Benefits 8.1 Benefits of Hazardous Waste Management Advantages of Incineration Method Improvement in the Physical Infrastructure Treatment Alternatives Other Tangible Benefits 8.2 Chapter-9 Environmental Management Plan 9.1 Introduction Environmental Management Plan Inspection, Monitoring and Record Keeping 9.1

7 9.3.1 During Construction of Incinerator Facility During Operation Phase of Incinerator Facility Institutional Arrangement for Environmental Management Plan Organization Structure of KSPCB for the Incinerator Facility Project Office Organizational Structure Environmental Management System Environmental Management Plan for Construction Period Environmental Management Plan for Operation Period Rain water Harvesting and Storm Water Management Storm Water Gutters Rainwater Harvesting Pits Storm Water Reservoir Manpower required 9.7 Chapter -10 Summary and Conclusions 10.1 Introduction Project Capacity Details Project Importance Land Details Water Requirement Power and Fuel Requirement Manpower Requirement Baseline Environmental Status Anticipated Impacts Environmental Monitoring Plan Risk Analysis Project Benefits Environmental Management Plan Project Cost Estimate and Means of Finance 10.8 Chapter -11 Disclosure of Consultants 11.1 Ramky Group Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited Consultancy Services Laboratory services Training services Field Services 11.2

8 Treatment Plants Services Solid Waste Management services 11.3 List of Tables Table No. Table Description Page No Chapter -1 introduction 1.1 Chronology For Obtaining EC 1.9 Chapter-2 Project Description 2.1 Salient Features of the Project Site Land breakup for Proposed facility Land Required for Proposed Incinerator setup Water Requirement and Wastewater Generation Details Technical Details of Incinerator Setup Design Details of Proposed Incinerator Incinerators Near the Site Vicinity MoU from Industries for Disposal of Waste 2.16 Chapter-3 Description of the Environment 3.1 Site Description of the Study Area Observed Meteorological Data Frequency Distribution for the Month December January 2014 Frequency Distribution Table February 2014 Frequency Distribution Table Winter Season Frequency Distribution Table Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Particulate Matter Levels in the Study Area (µg/m3) SO2 & NO2 Levels in the Study Area (µg/m3) Ozone & Mercury Levels in the Study Area (µg/m3) National Ambient Air Quality Standards Water Sampling Locations- Groundwater Groundwater Sample Analysis Results Noise Monitoring Locations Noise Levels in the Study Area db (A) Near Site NH-207(To & Fro) Soil Sampling Locations Soil Analysis Results 3.30

9 3.19 List of Floral Species in the Study Area List of Mammals in the study area Bird s in 10-km radius study area Bird s in 10-km radius study area Secondary data of the visited villages Socio Economic Profile Demographic Population Distribution Community Classification Landuse Pattern of the Study Area 3.46 Chaper-4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Stack Emissions Details Hours Mean Meteorological Data for Winter season Post Project Scenario-Units: μg/m3 4.5 Chapter-6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Site Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase Equipment Needed for Environmental Monitoring Budget for Monitoring 6.9 Chapter-7Additional Studies Description of applicable provisions of GOI rules 1989 as amended in 1994 & Details of Chemicals and Applicability of GOI rules Hazardous Chemicals at site Effect of Heat Radiation Heat Radiation and Fatality Emergency Plan during transport of material Types of Fire Extinguishers 7.18 Chapter-9 Environmental Management Plan EMP of Incinerator Facility Construction Period EMP of Incinerator Facility Operation Period Manpower Details 9.7 Chapter -10 Summary and Conclusions 10.1 Land Breakup for Proposed Facility 10.2

10 10.2 Land Required for Proposed Incinerator setup Water Requirement and Waster Generation Details Power and Fuel Requirement Manpower Details Post Project Scenario-Units : μg/m Summary of Groundwater Analysis Noise Levels-db(A) Soil Quality in the Study Area Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase Mitigation Measure Proposed during Operational period 10.8 Figure No. List of Figures Figure Description Page No Chapter-1 Introduction 1.1 Location of the Project Site Base Map of the Study Area 10 km 1.4 Chapter -2 Project Description 2.1 Site Photographs Transportation Route for Access to Existing TSDF Process Flow Chart of Hazardous Waste Incinerator Layout plan of Incinerator 2.9 Chapter-3 Description of the Environment 3.1 Wind Rose December Wind Rose January Wind Rose February Wind Rose (December to February- 2014) Air Monitoring Locations Ground Water Monitoring Locations Noise Monitoring Locations Soil Sampling Locations Interaction with the Local People Landuse Landcover Map Google Imagery of the Study Area 10 km Radius 3.48

11 Chapter-4 Anticipated Environmental Impact Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of PM (μg/m3) Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of SO2 (μg/m3) Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of NOx (μg/m3) 4.8 Chapter-6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Organization setup of Environmental Management 6.8 Chapter-10 Summary and Conclusion 10.1 Site Layout of the Proposed Facility Topomap of the Study Area 10 km Basemap of the Study Area 10 km List of Annexure Annexure-I Environmental Clearance Annexure-II Consent for Establishment Annexure-III Gazette Notification in Kannada Annexure-IV Gazette Notification in English Annexure-V Hazardous Waste Inventory, KSPCB Annexure-VI Land Document Annexure-VII List of Industrial plots near the Study area Annexure-VIII Water Requirement Annexure-IX Hazardous Waste Rules, 2008 Annexure-X Site Location Met Data

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22 Finalization of the TOR for development of Enhancement for capacity for treatment and disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Solid Waste facilities at KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura 1 st Stage Dobaspet, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka bym/s Bangalore Eco Park Pvt Ltd (F.No. 10-2/201/IA.III) TOR COMPLIANCE S.No ToR ToR Compliance 1. Submit the details of the 100 KLD liquid effluent, source, quality and method of transportation, handling 100 KLD high TDS liquid effluent is transported through including storage etc. specially designed vehicles from the nearby industries and 2. Submit the details of type of Industries in the Industrial area. incinerated in the facility. Details of type of industries in industrial area is given in Annexure 7 3. Details of Green Belt development. Green belt is developed in 33% of the proposed facility meeting CPCB guidelines and leaving 15m from the boundary, inside the facility. 4. Submit the detailed revised water requirement because Given in Annexure 8 of enhancement in the treatment capacity. 5. Detail of Wastewater treatment. High TDS incinerator is used to treat wastewater. 6. Submit the details of the residue from the evaporation. Residue from the Evaporator is sent to M/s Ramky Karnataka Waste Management Project located at Bangalore (Dobaspet) TSDF for Direct Landfill 7. Submit the details of existing incinerator near the vicinity along with details regarding co- incineration Details is given in Chapter 2, Table 2.6, information gathered from Karnataka state pollution control board. 8. Submit the details of member units, their effluent quantity, quality and consent details and MoU Details is given in Chapter 2, Table 2.7, information gathered from Karnataka state pollution control board. 9. Submit the details of mechanism of MEE 100 KLD of effluent is forced evaporated in high TDS incinerator hence no MEE is required. 10. Submit the details of location along with land use Given in Chapter 3 around, Google map Description of the Environment in Figure no Submit the critical parameters proposed to be Given in Chapter 6

23 monitored along with protocol under law Environmental Monitoring During Operational Phase Table Submit the justification of the project, project components and capacities shall be submitted. Given in Chapter 2, Project description in Section Justification is given in the 13. Site Layout plan clearly showing various units, green belt, laboratory, roads, vehicle parking, office building etc to be shall be submitted. Latitude and Longitude for the site shall be submitted. 14. Submit the details of the compliance with respect to the provisions of hazardous wastes (management, handling and transboundary movement) rules 2008 including collection and transportation design etc. All the applicable rules shall be listed and mitigation plan to comply the applicable rules shall be submitted in detail 15. Action plan and infrastructure required to comply the PROTOCOL as prepared by CPCB for performance evaluation and monitoring of TSDF Section Given in Chapter 2, Project Description in Figure no 2.4. Details about Latitude and Longitude are given in Table 2.1. Given in Annexure 9 After obtaining necessary clearance during establishment of proposed project the required infrastructure suggested for performance evaluation and monitoring as per protocol of CPCB will be procured for establishment of Laboratory for monitoring air, water, wastewater, hazardous waste, etc. 16. Submit the details of the approach road and its adequacy. 17. Submit the impacts due to liquid waste discharge, air emissions, solvent emissions, handling of hazardous waste and chemicals, odor. The facility is well connected with Asian highway -47 (4 km to the west), National Highway -207 (500m to the North) and State highway 3 (5km to the North West). Asian Highway with a carriage width of 40m can accommodate 1500 vehicles every hour. The roads are interconnected and the precise networking provides adequate adequacy. There will be no Liquid discharge and zero discharge will be maintained in the facility. High TDS non bio degradable waste will be sent into High TDS Incinerator. All necessary control measures

24 18. Submit the storm water management and impacts due to contamination of storm water with effluent/ chemicals and mitigation measures. 19. Examine the details of monitoring of Dioxins and Furans. 20. Submit a copy of MoU for disposal of ash through TSDF. will be taken near the incinerator like Cyclone Separator and Wet Scrubber. There will be no odor in the facility as it being a closed system. Details of Storm Water Management is given in Chapter 9 Environment Management Plan in section The monitoring of Dioxins and Furans in the Stack emissions will be carried out by third party MOEF recognized laboratories as per MOEF guidelines (twice a year) After getting an environmental clearance for the facility, MoU will be signed with the nearby TSDF. 21. Submit the details of Air Pollution Control Measures. Details of air pollution control measure is given in Chapter 9 Environment Management Plan in section Environmental Management Plan should be Detailed Environmental accompanied with Environmental monitoring plan and environmental cost and benefit assessment. Regular Management Plan is provided in Chapter 9 monitoring shall be carried out for odor control. Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan is given in Chapter 6 and budget for implementation of EMP (capital cost and recurring cost) is provided in Table Submit the details of Comprehensive Disaster management plan including emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster. Given in Chapter 7, Additional Studies General Guidelines i) The EIA document shall be printed on both sides, as for as possible. ii) The status of accreditation of the EIA consultant with NABET/QCI shall be specifically mentioned. The consultant shall certify that his accreditation is for the sector for which this EIA is prepared. iii) On the front page of EIA /EMP reports the name of the consultant /consultancy firm along with their complete details including their accreditation, if any shall be indicated. The consultant while submitting the EIA/EMP report shall give an

25 undertaking to the effect that the prescribed TORs (TOR proposed by the project proponent and additional TOR given by the MOEF) have been complied with and the data submitted is factually correct (Refer MOEF office memorandum dated 4 th August 2009) iv) While submitting the EIA/EMP reports, the name of the experts associated with / involved in the preparation of these reports and the laboratories through which the samples have been got analyzed should be state in the report. It shall clearly be indicated whether these laboratories are approved under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the rules made there under (please refer MOEF office memorandum dated 4 th August 2009). The project leader of the EIA study shall also be mentioned. v) All the TOR points as presented before the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) shall be covered. vi) Environmental management plan presented before the EAC as a part of EIA report, shall be made part of concessionaire agreement/other relevant documents. Proponent shall submit an undertaking in this regard. vii) Since most of the environmental issues are related to design parameters, following additional information should also be sought under chapter II (disclosure of consultant), name of the design consultant, and name of the EIA consultant, EIA coordinator, and functional area expert and details of accreditation. Public Hearing to be conducted for the project as per provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by the public should be addressed in the environmental management plan. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared as per the above additional TOR and should be submitted to the ministry as per the notification. The prescribed TORs should be valid for a period of two years for submission of the EIA/EMP reports, after public hearing

26 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the Report M/s Bangalore Eco-Park Private Limited (BEPL) has obtained Environmental Clearance ( EC ) in the year 2010 for the establishment of Common Facilities for Treatment and Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Solid Waste Facilities at Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) Industrial area, Sompura (V), Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. The project is not yet commissioned. M/s BEPL, now proposes to enhance the capacity of the incinerator from 200 kg/hr to 500 kg/hr and evaporate 100 KLD through forced evaporation. The proposed activity falls under the Category A of Project Activity 7 (D) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) under the schedule as per EIA Notification issued on 14th September, 2006, the project requires Environmental Clearance from MoEF, Govt. of India. In order to assess the likely impacts from proposed project on the surrounding environment and evaluating the likely positive/negative impacts, if any, from the incinerator, M/s BEPL has retained M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited (REEL) as their Environmental Consultant. The report has been prepared as per the recommendation in the Terms of References (TOR) from minutes of the 123 rd Meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for Building Construction, Coastal Regulation Zone, Infrastructure Development and Miscellaneous projects held on 15 th 16 th April, Identification of the Project and Project Proponent Identification of the Project Proponent M/s Bangalore Eco-Park Private Limited is incorporated in the year 2009 to engage in the activities related to environmental protection and sustainable development. The Promoters of the company are Mr. Ramaswamy. P (Managing Director), Mr. Noor Ahmed (Director) and Mr. Shakeel Ahmed (Director). The Managing Director is supported by the Board of Directors as well as the Technical Director Mr. Aravinda. A. Bhadrachari. The Industry will be managed by qualified personnel with experience in the field. Technical Directors and General Managers will be in-charge of industry and they will be assisted by technical and commercial staff. BEPL has undertaken the following as part of establishing and operating the project: Establishment of the Facility; Transportation of hazardous wastes from the Generators Facility to the Incinerator; Collection of charges from the Generators; Monitoring on-site including emergency procedures; Reporting to regulatory authorities; and Comply with the existing State and Central regulations and amendments. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 1

27 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka BEPL has obtained the EC for the establishment of the facility in the year 2010 from MoEF, GOI. The copy of the EC letter is attached as Annexure I. The facility that was proposed has the following: Common Effluent Treatment Facility o Biodegradable KLD o Non biodegradable 60 KLD Incinerator kg/hr Boiler - 2 Ton/hr DG set 125 kva The Consent for Establishment (CFE) for the project is obtained from Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) in the year The copy of CFE is given as Annexure - II Correspondence Address of the Project Proponent Ramaswamy P., Managing Director M/s. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd., 49/A, 2 nd block, 3 rd Stage, 3 rd Cross, 4 th Main, Basaveshwaranagar, Bangalore , Karnataka State Tel: bng.ecopark@gmail.com Identification of the Project The need for enhancement of the capacity of the Common Effluent and Hazardous Solid Waste Facility is based on the fact that the existing and upcoming small and medium scale industries in the area cannot afford to set up captive treatment facilities on their own as it is not feasible and viable, besides it s not advisable on technical and environmental point of view. The proposed facility is to treat and dispose the industrial wastes to meet the need of industries located in the region is environmentally sound and economically viable. Hence, there is a great need for enhancement of the Common Effluent Treatment Plant and Common Incineration Facility in the Industrial zone. 1.3 Purpose of the EIA Report The EIA report, besides being a statutory requirement, is also a planning tool to confirm Environmental Acceptability of Proposed design, Construction and Operation. The EIA for the Enhancement of Incinerator capacity will include mitigation measures to be adopted under Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for all the identified significant environmental impacts likely to result out of activities taken up during pre-construction (including design), during construction and operation phases. The EMP will also include environmental monitoring plan with institutional responsibilities and cost for implementation of suggested measures (including environmental enhancement measures). Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 2

28 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 1.4 Brief Description of the Project Nature of the Project The proposed project is to enhance the capacity of the incinerator from 200 kg/hr to 500 kg/hr and evaporate 100 KLD of through forced evaporation. This facility will be highly useful option for waste generators who individually cannot afford the high cost infrastructure and other treatment facility required for managing their hazardous waste. Presently, there are limited facilities available within the State. The project would help Government of Karnataka to safely handle, manage and dispose Hazardous wastes generated by the industries in the State Location of the Project The area for proposed incinerator is located at Plot no. 296B, Karnataka industrial Area (KIADB), Sompura (V) 1 st stage, Dabaspet (T), Bangalore (D), Karnataka. Gazette Order No. CPMG/KA/BG-GPO/13/ vide letter No. CI 416 SPQ 2004 dated Copy of notification is enclosed as Annexure- III in Kannada and the same is translated in English for reference in Annexure IV. 3. Location of the project is given in Figure 1.1, and base map is shown in Figure 1.2. Figure 1.1 Location of the Project Site Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 3

29 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 1.2 Base Map of the Study Area 10 km Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 4

30 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 1.5 Objective and Scope of the Study The primary objective of the EIA studies is to integrate the environmental concerns / aspects, and mitigation measures into the project planning stages like basic design, detailed design, and construction and operations phases of the proposed project. To achieve the above objectives the following strategy is recommended. 1 EIA is prepared with baseline data collection and using the preliminary design specifications/data of the proposed operations. 2 The findings and recommendations of the study are incorporated into the project planning, design, conducting operations of the project. 3 The EIA will cover one season baseline environmental data, as per the guidelines of MoEF, New Delhi. The scope includes collection of baseline data with respect to major environmental components, viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Biological and Socio-economic components along with the prediction and evaluation of environmental impacts to delineate Environmental Management Plan Scope of EIA The scope of study includes detailed characterization of existing status of environment in an area of 10 km with the proposed project as its centre for various environmental components viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Biological and Socio-economic components and other parameters of interest. A brief description of the scope of work for the proposed EIA is as follows: A) To undertake baseline investigations, conduct impact and risk assessments, consult with the community, compile and produce EIA Report. B) The EIA would consider construction and operation activities and will include, but not be limited to, an assessment of the environmental and social impacts and risks relating to the: (i) Waste transfer, re-processing, treatment and disposal feasible technologies to be employed. (ii) Pollution abatement options. (iii) Management control and operational practice to be employed. (iv) Potential for accidents and failures to be foreseen/anticipated and appropriate counter/remedial measures and (v) Monitoring of the Incinerator Facility. C) The EIA and related activities would comprise of the following main tasks: 1) Project Description including project history by the project proponent. 2) Compilation and summarizing of legal grounds for EIA and applicable rules and guidelines. 3) Compilation of environmental baseline for all environmental spheres including land use in the vicinity of the site, any ongoing or planned activities in the area etc. Location analysis (distance to sensitive receptors, such as housing, residential, recreational, tourism or industrial areas, or other relevant installations). Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 5

31 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka a. This includes sampling of air, water, noise and flora and fauna; Investigation of surface water conditions and flow (site run-on and run-off) as well as meteorological conditions. b. To incorporate the results of the topographic site survey, the geo-technical and hydro geological / hydrological studies as inputs to the study. 4) Study of socio-economic condition in the project area. 5) Impact modeling and prediction using computer models, where necessary. 6) Impact Assessment for construction and operation phase including socio-economic effects on neighborhood communities. 7) Risk Assessment and modeling as required, of technical facility (e.g. leakage, contamination), natural hazards (e.g. flooding) and risk of road transport of hazardous wastes (e.g. suitability of road network and knots, accident risks). Potential for risk interaction with other facilities planned at the industrial area and emergency response plan thereof. 8) Mitigation planning specifying environmental requirements for design. 9) Environmental Management Plan specifying environmental requirements for construction and operation including on and off-site monitoring, outline of an Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) plan. 10) Cost estimation of environmental protection and mitigation measures to feed into the financial feasibility analysis. D) Ramky to document the results in the EIA Report. E) The general study area to be applied is about 10 kilometers radius around the proposed Incinerator. This would be investigated in terms of for land use, settlements, infrastructure, topography, catchment and water flow, surface erodability and existing pollution sources and any planned development activities. F) The study area may be extended if necessary to follow potential impact pathways e.g. surface water run-off, groundwater flow to follow potential impact pathways to sensitive receptors like tanks, lakes or any surface water or sub-surface water body including wells. 1.6 Bangalore Eco Park Limited (BEPL) Approach for the EIA Study Bangalore Eco Park s approach is to carry out the EIA study for the proposed Incinerator Facility for Hazardous Wastes disposal includes the following: Adopt relevant guidelines as set out in the EIA manual of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India; Review of the preliminary project information obtained during inception meeting; Undertake field surveys to understand the area of influence and features of the study area; Collect primary environmental baseline information in a study area of 10 km radius from the proposed Incinerator for the following: Quality of ambient air together with information on meteorology, Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 6

32 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Ambient noise quality, Surface and ground water quality, Soil quality, Forestry, flora and fauna (through field surveys, published material on the project region and consultation with state forest officials). Identify sensitive habitats such as National Park, Sanctuaries, Reserve Forests and historical, religious and cultural monuments of regional, national or international archaeological importance, within 25 km radius from the proposed Incinerator. Determine drainage pattern for runoff area and their connection with the water tanks or water bodies within the area of influence. Carry out social surveys for villages which are in close proximity to the proposed Incinerator. Identify, predict and evaluate potential significant environmental impacts (positive and negative) due to the proposed project activities. Develop mitigation measures to counter identified significant impacts during preconstruction, construction and operation phases including project enhancement measures to be highlighted in the EMP. Environmental monitoring plan for construction and operation phases. Institutional mechanism for EMP implementation. Cost estimates of implementing EMP (including project enhancement measures) Study Period For preparation of EIA report for the proposed project, the data was collected during Winter Season (December 2013 to February 2014) of the study area. The micro climatic parameters were recorded using manual weather station for the study period. Wind speed, Wind direction and Relative Humidity were recorded on hourly basis. Minimum and Maximum temperatures were also recorded during the study period. 1.7 Layout of the EIA Report The generic structure of the EIA report is prepared as per the MoEF guidelines. Chapter 1 - Introduction The section provides background of the project; purpose of the report, identification of project and project proponent, brief description of size, nature and location of the project, scope of the study, approach for the study, and layout of the report describing contents of the report. Chapter 2 - Project Description This Section deals with need for the project, project location, boundary and project site layout; type of hazardous wastes proposed to be treated stored and disposed of at the proposed Incinerator Facility; Wastes to be handled and transported; Infrastructure for the proposed Incinerator Facility; Project construction and Operation schedule. The section also includes drawings on design of proposed Incinerator Facility. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 7

33 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 3 - Description of Environment for the Study Area This Section presents information on existing environmental resources and values of physical, ecological and human/economic resources for the study area. The section describes environmental setting of the site and study area; topography; geology and seismology; hydrology; land drainage; hydrogeology; landuse pattern; climate and meteorology; traffic volume; ambient noise levels; ambient air quality; surface and groundwater quality; soil and land capability; cultural sites and potential for tourism in the study area; ecological study; biodiversity aspects of the fauna in the study area; socio-economic conditions in the project area. Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures In this section, potential impacts of the proposed Incinerator Facility project, which could cause significant environmental concerns, are identified and discussed. The sections quantify direct, indirect, temporary and irreversible environmental impacts due to the proposed project for its different phases. The section identifies significance of impacts due to the proposed Incinerator Facility. Chapter 5 - Analysis of Alternatives The section describes analysis of alternatives in terms of site selection, siting of proposed site as per comparison with the CPCB criteria, treatment options and technological alternatives for design aspects of the proposed Incinerator Facility Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Program This section presents Environmental monitoring program for offsetting significantly adverse environmental impacts identified in the previous section during pre-construction, construction, operational and post closure phases of the project. Chapter 7 Additional Studies The section describes risk analysis for long term risks and those caused by possible accidents or emergency situation at the Incinerator Facility and related network covering risks associated with transport, storage and handling; natural disasters (floods, earthquakes etc.); and interaction with risks associated with other installations/establishments or facilities in the industrial area. Chapter 8 Project Benefits The section describes the benefits associated for the proposed facility. Chapter 9 - Environmental Management Plan This section presents institutional framework and monitoring arrangement for implementation of mitigation measures. Chapter 10 Summary and Conclusions This section summarizes the total EIA report. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 8

34 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 11 Disclosure of Consultants This section encloses the list of professional involved in the preparation of an EIA report. 1.8 Chronologies for Obtaining EC Based on the proposed TOR and additional TOR issued by MOEF, the final EIA report will be prepared as per Generic Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Document. The final EIA report consists of 11 Chapters. To obtain EC the following activities are carried out, given in Table 1.1 Table 1.1 Chronology for Obtaining EC F.No IADB/HO/Allot/Dpet/18332/10353, 4 Ac Land allocated by KIADB Dated on 30 th November 2009 F.No 10-2/2010-IA.III, Dated on 25 th EC obtained from MoEF for 200 Kg/hr incinerator October 2010 F.No KSPCB/CFE/MR/11-12, dated on 3 rd CFE obtained from KSPCB September 2012 F.No BEPL/EIA/Q/12/184/ , Work order received from BEPL dated on 5 th January th April 2013 ToR presentation in EAC committee for 500 kg/hr 21 st August 2013 Official ToR received from MoEF for 500 Kg/hr Dec 2013 Feb 2014 Baseline monitoring 1 st March 2014 Final EIA report submission to MoEF Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1. 9

35 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 2 Project Description 2.1 Need For The Project The industrial growth in India is particularly accelerating, especially in the southern Indian states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. There are many large and medium scale industries both in the public and private sectors in these states. During the manufacturing process, in addition to wastewater and air emissions, solid, semi-solid waste and sludge are generated. At present, limited facilities are available to collect and dispose hazardous industrial waste in an adequate way. The estimated hazardous waste generated in Karnataka state is about 226,690 MT/annum. The industries of Bangalore urban and rural district approximately contribute 75, MT/annum in Kolar and Tumkur Districts. Out of this total hazardous waste generated, 22, MT/annum is incinerable waste. The inventory of estimated hazardous waste generation in Karnataka is given in Annexure V In view of the above, M/s Bangalore Eco Park Private Limited has proposed to enhance the capacity of Incinerator at the Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities from 200 to 500 kg/hr and evaporate 100 KLD through forced evaporation Objectives of the Project The primary objective of this Project is to provide common treatment facility for liquid & solid wastes to the hazardous waste disposal needs of the industries in the State of Karnataka. Hence, M/s Bangalore Eco-Park Pvt. Ltd has retained Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. as their Environmental Consultant to obtain Environmental Clearance (EC) Objectives of the Project include To ensure that the environmental impacts are minimized. To ensure that resource conservation is maximized. To ensure techno-economic feasibility of the Project. To enable the Incinerator facility to handle the hazardous wastes in a lawful manner. To prevent accumulation of the hazardous wastes at the Facility. To establish an administrative framework and recommend the necessary infrastructure to ensure proper collection transport, transit storage, treatment and disposal of the hazardous wastes. To minimize the health effects associated with hazardous waste handling and management activities. To ensure the technical reliability of the adopted technology in terms of safety, flexibility and sustainability under local conditions. To prevent or minimize waste generation. To ensure compliance with regulatory requirements at every stage of hazardous waste handling and disposal Justification of the project An estimated 75, MT/annum of Hazardous waste generates from the industries of Bangalore Urban & Rural Dist, Kolar & Tumkur Dist. Out of this, about 22, MT/annum is incinerable waste. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 1

36 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka This Incinerable waste needs to be disposed by means of Hazardous waste incinerator in a scientific way. In view of the above M/s Bangalore Eco Park Pvt Ltd, proposed to enhancement of the incinerator facility with present permitted capacity 200kg/hr to 500kg/hr and liquid waste 100 KL/day at KIADB Industrial area, Sompura 1 st stage, Dobaspet to dispose the incinerable waste in a scientific manner. 2.2 Project Location, Boundary & Site Layout The site consisting of 4 acre land has been allotted by KIADB which is located at Plot No.296B. The proposed area for the project is located in Dobaspet Industrial Area notified by the Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of Karnataka (GoK) by Gazette Order No. CPMG/KA/BG-GPO/13/ vide letter No. CI 416 SPQ 2004 dated The proposed site is located adjacent to Dobaspet Doddaballapur state high way at 3km from Dobaspet. The site is the plane land free from vegetation. The nearest village is Dobaspet (3Km, W). The nearest town is Nelamangala (23Km, SE). The Tumkur- Bangalore NH-4 is at 4Km W from the site and is passing through Dobaspet. The proposed site is at about 40Km N from Bangalore city and 20 Km S from Tumkur. The railway line connecting Tumkur-Bangalore is situated at 5Km from the site. Site photographs is shown in Figure 2.1 The salient features of project site and layout are described in Table 2.1. Table 2.1 Salient Features of the Project Site Site Parameters Description Location M/s. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd., Plot No 296B, KIADB Inustrial area, Sompura 1st Stage, Dobaspet Present Land use KIADB industrial area. Presently the land is barren with shrubs & bushes. Latitude and Longitude N : E: Altitude 914m above MSL Topography Plane Land Nearest Highway Tumkur - Bangalore NH-4 at 4 Km W Dobaspet Doddaballapur SH-207 is adjacent to the site at S direction Nearest Railway station Dobaspet Railway Station, 5Km SE Nearest Airport Bangalore is the nearest International and Domestic Airport at about 48 km to the Southeast from the site Nearest village Dobaspet 3Km W Nearest Town Nelamangala, 23 Km SE towards Bangalore Sensitive locations No other ecologically sensitive locations within 25 Km from the site Nearby Industries 1. T D Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. 2. Gem Paints Ltd. 3. Organica Aromatics. 4. Medicare Incin IndPvt. Ltd. 5. Dustven Pvt. Ltd. 6. Kurlon Ltd. 7. Intergarden India Pvt. Ltd. 8. ANZ International Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd. 9. HHV Solar Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 2

37 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Site Parameters Description 10. CM Envirosystems Pvt. Ltd. 11. Reynolds Technofab Pvt. Ltd. 12. LM Glasfiber (India) Pvt. Ltd. 13. Leonid Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. 14. Phikon Biotech 15. Pearl Coating & chemicals Figure 2.1 Site Photographs 2.3 Collection & Transportation of Hazardous Wastes The collection of hazardous waste from generators will be undertaken by using following: Collection of biodegradable effluents in specified tankers of 10 KL capacity. Collection of Non biodegradable effluents in specified tankers of 10 KL capacity Collection of hazardous solid waste in specified vehicles of 5 MT capacity. The hazardous wastes will be transported from generation point to the Incineration Facility, through four national highways running in the State. The proposed Incinerator Facility near Dobaspet can be accessed through national highway NH-4 through following route: NH-4 connecting Kolar Bangalore Dobaspet; Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 3

38 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka NH-4 connecting Belgam Dharwad - Hubli Haveri Devangere Chitrdurga Tumkur Dabasapet; NH- 48 connecting Mangalore - Udupi - Bangalore thereby joining NH-4; NH-17 connecting North Canara - Mangalore thereby joining NH-218 which intercepts NH-4 at Hubli; NH-208 connecting Shimoga - Tumkur thereby joining NH-4; NH-63 connecting Belary Hospet on NH63 which joins NH-4 at Chitradurga; State Highway connecting Bangalore at NH-4; Koppal connecting NH13 or NH-63 thereby joining NH-4; Mysore State Highway connecting Bangalore at NH-4; Raichur State Highways connecting Manvi, Sindhanoor to Kustagi joining NH-13 which connects NH-4 at Chitradurga; Bidar State Highways connecting Gulbarga and Bijapur on NH-13 which joins NH-4 at Chitradurga. The transportation routes to access the proposed Incinerator facility is shown in Figure 2.2 Figure 2.2 Transportation Route for proposed Incinerator facility Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 4

39 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 2.4 Common Facility for Treatment of Liquid And Solid Wastes Capacity The facility will consist of Proposed: Treatment plant and dispose 100 KLD of Liquid waste(non Biodegradable effluent) Incineration plant to treat and dispose 500 Kg/hr of hazardous solid waste Existing: Environmental Clearance for the treatment Liquid & Solid Wastes: Treatment plant to treat and dispose 300 KLD of Biodegradable effluent Treatment plant and dispose 60 KLD of Liquid waste(non Biodegradable effluent) Incineration plant to treat and dispose 200 Kg/ hr of hazardous solid waste Land Required The incinerator will be proposed in area 4 acres. The details of the land use pattern are given in Table 2.2 & the components are proposed to setup along with incinerator given in Table 2.3. Table 2.2 Land Break up of Proposed Facility S.No. Component Area (m 2 ) Area in Acres 1 Built-up area Green belt area Vacant area Total Area 4 Acres Table 2.3 Land Required for Proposed Incinerator setup S.No. Component Area Area in Acres 1 Incinerator 50m x 21m Compressor, PLC, MCC 18m x 10m 0.04 Rooms 3 Tank Farm 24m x 5m 0.03 Total Area 0.33 Acres Water Requirement Total water required for incinerator facility is 60 KLD. The water breakup details are given in Table 2.4 Table 2.4 Water Requirement and Wastewater Generation Details Utility Process (cooling, washing and other process water) Water Required (KLD) Wastewater Generated (KLD) Loss (KLD) Source Existing KIADB source Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 5

40 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Treatment Scheme ETP for Liquid waste: Non Biodegradable effluent will be treated in High TDS Incinerator. Incineration Plant The incineration plant is designed for thermal treatment for disposal of hazardous solid wastes. The plant consists of primary chamber, secondary chamber followed by a flue gas treatment system (scrubbing system). Hazardous solid wastes are burnt completely in the primary & secondary chambers of the incinerator. The flue gases generated are treated in scrubbing system Concept of Incineration Incineration is an ultimate treatment process, applied to certain wastes that cannot be recycled, reused or safely deposited into a landfill. It is a high temperature, thermal destruction oxidation process in which hazardous wastes are converted in the presence of oxygen in air into gases and incombustible solid residue. The gases are vented into the atmosphere with cleaning as deemed necessary while the solid residue is sent to landfill for disposal. The proposed incinerator would cater for the disposal/ destruction of the following wastes: Spent Solvents Waste Oils, Oil Emulsions and Oil mixtures Pesticide Wastes Refinery Wastes Pharmaceutical Wastes Phenolic Wastes Grease and Wax Wastes Organic wastes containing halogens, sulfur, phosphorous or nitrogen compounds Solid materials contaminated with oils. Organics with high calorific value The Incineration system is designed to handle the following wastes from various Industries:- Solids, semi-solid and tarry drummed wastes as made available in packets of definite size and weight Pumpable energetic liquid organic wastes free from suspended solids Pumpable aqueous wastes with limits as to T.D.S. & free from suspended solids Advantages of Incineration The following advantages of incineration of hazardous wastes Ability to handle heterogeneous waste High efficiency due to Vigorous mixing in the bed High retention time Low NO X formation due to Lower operating temperature & Low excess air In bed neutralization possible for removing acid gasses Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 6

41 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Quick restart due to heat stored in the bed Absence of moving parts hence low maintenance Flexibility to handle diverse fuels Residence time can be adjusted by varying kiln speed Waste feeding without much preparation Waste heat recovery is possible Gas cooling systems can be fixed Well Scrubbing systems can be added Temperature control for constant efficiently Air control for adequate excess air Interlocks for safe operational shut down Incineration System Design An incinerator consists of a burner which ignites the supplied fuel and combustibles in the waste feed in a combustion chamber. Thermal destructions of most organic compounds occur at a temperature between 850 o C to 1100 o C. To achieve thermal destruction, residence time usually ranges from 30 to 90 minutes for solid waste and 0.5 to 2.0 seconds for liquid waste. Turbulent mixing is important because the waste and fuel must contact the combustion gases if complete combustion is to occur. Sufficient oxygen must be present and is supplied as ambient air or as pure oxygen through an injection system. A typical incineration system consists of several distinct units. The first unit is the kiln or primary combustion chamber, in to which waste is fed and in which initial volatilization and destruction of contaminants take place. Gases formed during incineration in the kiln include uncombustible organics or combustion by-products, which are generally referred as Products of Incomplete Combustion (PIC). These PICs are drawn to a secondary combustion chamber to inverse the efficiency of destruction of PIC s. Residual bottom ash produced typically exist the kiln through a gravity drop and then cooled before disposal in to landfill. The off-gases from secondary chamber is routed through an air pollution control system in which gases are cooled and removes particulate matter and final flue gases are emitted through a stack. The Process flow chart of Hazardous Waste Incinerator is shown in Figure 2.3, and overall master plan of the proposed site is given in Figure 2.4 The installed capacity details of incinerator are given in Table 2.5 Table 2.5 Technical Details of Incinerator Setup S. No. Details 1 Incinerator capacity 500 kg/hr 2 Calorific Value Kcal/kg 3 Water Requirement (Process) 60 KLD 4 Fuel Requirement HSD : 60KL/month Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 7

42 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 2.3 Process Flow Chart of Hazardous Waste Incinerator Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 8

43 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 2.4 Layout plan of Incinerator Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 9

44 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 2.5 Design Details The design details of the proposed 500 Kg/hr are given in Table 2.6 Table 2.6 Design Details of Proposed Incinerator 1. Technical Specification for Solid and Liquid Rotary Incineration: 1. Feed Conveyor: 1 Type Inclined Troughed Belt Conveyor 2 Capacity 500 kg/hr 3 C-C Distance 10 m 4 Lift 4 m 5 Materials to be handled Industrial Waste 6 Belt Belt Speed 1.0 M/s Belt Width 600 mm Belt Rating 315 /3 Top & Bottom Thickness 3 mm / 1.5 mm Grade HR 150 Type Nylon 7 Troughing Angle 30 Degree 8 Pulley a) Head Pulley 400 ø x 950 mm face b) Tail Pulley 320 ø x 950 mm face c) Snub Pulley 215 ø x 950 mm face d) Bend Pulley 215 ø x 950 mm face 9 Idlers a) Carrying idlers 88.9 ø mm at the pitch of 1.2 m b) Return idlers 88.9 ø mm at the pitch of 3 m c) Impact idlers 88.9 ø mm at the pitch of 400 mm. Rubber ring of 140 OD. d) SA Carrying Idlers 88.9 ø mm at the pitch of 15 m e) SA Return Idlers 88.9 ø mm at the pitch of 25 m 10 Drive Unit Geared / motor 3 hp 11 Technological Structural Head frame, tail frame, drive frame, and take up structure, short support, stringers, open type gallery having single side walkway of 600 mm wide have been considered in our scope of supply. 12 Painting Two coats of Red Oxide Primer and two coats of Finished Paint. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 10

45 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 2. Horizontal Rotary Incinerator for Solid and Liquid: 1 SHELL: 1500 mm in diameter and 4000mm long. Thickness of shell is 6mm of IS 2062 Mild Steel 2 ENDS: Conical ends, one end for firing of LDO and the other end into the de-ashing chamber. Ends also made from IS 2062 Mild Steel 3 REFRACTORY: First layer of insulation brick followed by refractory bricks of 9 inches to withstand temperature of 1300C 4 ALLIGNMENT: Two sets of trunnion & thrust roller assembly 5 DRIVE: Two reduction gear boxes of Elecon make driven by 5 hp motor of Crompton make. Drive to shell connected by pnion and girt gear. 6 BURNERS: One number 7 STRUCTURE: This entire incinerator shall be mounted on a suitable structure made from ISCM< ISMB. 3. Secondary Incinerator (Static) Vertical 1 SHELL: 1500 mm in diameter and 5500mm In height. Thickness of shell is 6mm of IS 2062 Mild Steel 2 ENDS: Flat ends on both ends and also made from IS 2062 mild steel 3 REFRACTORY: First layer of insulation brick followed by refractory bricks of 9 inches to withstand temperature 1000 of 1200 C 4 BURNERS: One nos 4. Separator (Ash and Flue Gas) 1 SHELL: 1500 mm in diameter and 5500mm In height. Thickness of shell is 6mm of IS 2062 Mild Steel 2 ENDS: Flat ends on both ends and also made from IS 2062 mild steel 3 REFRACTORY: First layer of insulation brick followed by refractory bricks of 9 inches to withstand temperature 1000 of 1200 C 5. Wet Scrubber 1 SHELL: 1500 mm in diameter and 2500mm In height. Made from 5 mm thickness Steel 316L Grade. 2 ENDS: Flat ends on both ends and also made from IS 2062 mild steel 3 REFRACTORY: First layer of insulation brick followed by refractory bricks of 9 inches to withstand temperature 1000 of 1200 C 6. Fans: 1 20 hp induced draft fan to maintain the negative pressure in the system, 2nos, one operative second stand by 2 Two nos 5hp forced draft fan to supply air for burners, 2 no s, one operative, second stand by Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 11

46 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 7. Chimney: 1 30 meters height with top discharge of 600mm. self supporting, as per standard. Aviation lamp and lighting arrester with jumper provide. 8. Stationary Ash Collecting Chamber: 1 Shell dimension 2000 mm length x 2000 mm width x 1800 mm height made of 5mm thickness IS2062 Mild Steel. 2 REFRACTORY: First layer of insulation brick followed by refractory bricks of 9 inches to withstand temperature of 1300 C 3 Insulation of 100mm of mineral wool 4 Cast iron 2 no s ash removal and 2 no s inspection door. 5 Emergency vent provide on chamber 9. Instrumentation and Control Panel: 1 Control panel with prewired / tested at our site/dust proof with all switch gears & overload relays/indication lamps/temperature indicator and controller / scanner with data recorder and scanner 2 VFD for rotary incinerator RPM controller 3 Pressure switches for scrubber piping and pressure gauges 4 Dot matrix printer for data logger with 32GB pen drive (1 year recording) 10. Ducting: 1 All internal ducting in 6mm thickness Mild steel and refractory lining wherever required. 11. High TDS Liquid Incineration: 1 Incineration chamber, Details as per secondary incinerator. 2 Dosing pump 3 Liquid automizer in incineration chamber with flow control, piping, 4 Burner one number. 12. Furnace Oil Tanks: liters tank with all interconnecting piping. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 12

47 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Storage of Incinerable Hazardous Waste An Incinerable waste storage shed with adequate capacity as per CPCB guidelines will also be established as a necessary infrastructure. The design of storage shed will be considered as per following requirements. Minimum of 15m distance between storage shed Fire break of at least 4m between two blocks of stacked drums maximum of 300 T incinerable waste storage limit in a block of drums at least 1m clear space between two adjacent rows of drums in a pair for routine inspection purposes spillage or leakage control measures to be adopted in the event of any leakage or spillages record keeping and maintenance of shed fire detection, protection and safety measures as well as performing safety audits every year by the operator of a facility and externally once in two years by a reputed expert agency. Storage area shall be designed in such as way that the floor level is at least 150m above the maximum flood level. Signboards showing precautionary measures to be taken, in case of normal and emergency situations shall be displayed at appropriate locations Waste Feeding Waste-feeding plays an important role to achieve desired combustion efficiencies. Continuous feeding of homogeneous waste having same / similar calorific value to the combustion chambers is the desired option. However, often maintaining homogeneous feed of waste is not feasible due to incompatibility of different wastes for mixing. Conventionally, hazardous wastes in solid form are fed through a hydraulic system, which will have automatic two gates i.e. once the outside plate is closed, inner side plate is opened and solid waste mass is hydraulically pushed inside the Kiln and once the inner side plate is closed, outer plate is opened for next batch of solid waste. This system, besides negative pressure in the combustion chambers is required to ensure safety and to prevent workmen exposure to thermal radiation Combustion Chambers Incineration plant shall be designed, equipped, built and operated in such a way that the gas resulting from the process is raised, after the last injection of combustion air, in a controlled and homogenous fashion. Incineration plant will be equipped with one auxiliary burner which would be switched on automatically with the temperature of the combustion gases after the last injection of combustion air falls below specified temperature. It will also be used during plant startup and shut-down operations in order to maintain the minimum specified temperature at all times during operations and as long as unburnt waste is in the combustion chamber. The burners will be pressure-atomized type with approved certification from the Bureau of Indian Standards or equivalent. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 13

48 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Kiln and secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator will be made of mild steel conforming to IS: 2062 and of suitable thickness lined with high-grade refractory and insulation, so as not to buckle in or bulge out. Combustion chambers (Kiln & secondary combustion chamber) will be designed to supply with excessive air to ensure complete burning of wastes. The blower will provided with appropriate capability to supply of combustion air. Incinerator facility will have a window fitted with safety view glass to view the kiln (axially) and flame in secondary combustion chambers. As the common incineration systems will be handling wastes having varying heat value, and while ensuring Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Loss on Ignition (LOI) requirements in the ash/slag, there are possibilities for sudden rise of temperatures in the kiln. Therefore, the facilities will be designed with thermal refractory bricks and insulation capable of withstanding a maximum temperature of 1,300 C (typically, corundum / chromium bricks). Interlocking arrangements for CO and temperature controls (in primary and secondary chamber) with feeding devices will also be provided. All the burners will be equipped with automatic flame control system. Exit doors will be provided at suitable place, one each on the primary kiln and the secondary chamber of the incinerator for ease in inspection and maintenance Rotary Kiln To maintain designed heat capacity of the kiln, quantity of the solid waste injection package (kg/single injection) will be adjusted w.r.t. calorific value of the waste feed. When a high calorific value possessing solid waste is injected in packets, the size of each injection will be reduced, such that the peak CO concentration in the Kiln does not exceed too high in the initial stage, creating shooting of emissions to the secondary chamber, thereby crisis in ensuring the required retention time. Appropriate slope (in general, 3 degrees), rotation rates (around 10/hr) and solid waste residence time (30-90 mins) will be adjusted for the kilns, in order to achieve total organic carbon (TOC) and loss on ignition (LOI) requirements in the ash/slag. Feed silica and glass in appropriate ratios to the kilns to form a cover over the refractory lining, as and when the thickness of the layer reduces. This will improve the life of refractory and insulation bricks. In the rotary kiln, the temperature will be maintained at 800+ C in order to complete burning of solid waste. Controlled flow of air will be maintained for complete volatilization of solid waste Secondary Combustion Chamber Minimum temperature requirement in the secondary combustion chamber is 1050 C. The design and operating conditions will be a minimum of 2 seconds residence time in the secondary combustion chambers, under critical feed conditions, so as to bring complete combustion of volatile matter evolved from the primary combustion chamber. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 14

49 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Pollution Control Devices There are many combinations of treatment units installed for gas cleaning and removal of air pollutants, to comply with the standards. Designed treatment scheme will comprise of following equipment, in combination, with adequate efficiencies to meet the emission standards: Dioxins: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from 500 C to less than 200 C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated carbon etc. Particulate matter: Fine particulates in the flue gases require specific dust separation technologies such as bag filters, electro static precipitator etc. in order to meet flue gas standard. In case of electro static precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric sparks due to the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine dust. Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every chance of these emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and then to mercuric sulphide etc.) SO 2 : Sulphur in the feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which requires control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide injection). HCl & HF: In order to control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in use. Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where necessary de-mister may be provided. Stack height: A Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case. A Stack height requirement based on sulfur dioxide emissions by using the equation stack height = 14 (Q) 0.3 Where, Q is the emission rate of SO 2 in kg/hr by using simple Gaussian plume model to maintain ambient air quality requirements for all concerned parameters, in the receiving environment. Wastewater generation and treatment: Domestic Effluent will be generated 4KLD and the same is treated through septic tank followed by soak pit Process Effluent (Scrubber Bleed): 100 KLD The scrubber will be recycled to Spray Drier and there will be no discharge of process effluent (zero discharge). Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 15

50 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka List of Existing Common Hazardous Waste Incinerators near the Site Vicinity is given in Table 2.7 Table 2.7 Incinerators Near the Site Vicinity Sl.No Location of Incinerator M/s. Gomti Incinco, No.3-B-2, 1st Phase, KIADB Industrial Area, 1. Kumbalgod Source: Karnataka State Pollution Control Board M/s. Century Refineries Pvt Ltd, (Unit-2) plot no. 17A, KIADB (I) estate, Old Madras Road, Hoskote, Bangalore M/s. Bangalore Incinerator Pvt. Ltd., No. 28, KIADB Industrial Area, Kallanayakana Village, Huthridurga, Hobli, Kunigal Taluk, Tumkur. 2.6 Sources and Suppliers of Wastes for Treatment and Disposal The solid and liquid waste for treatment in common treatment facilities is available from different industries located in the region. A list of potential industries producing wastes and requiring the services for treatment and disposal of wastes is given in Table 2.8, a typical interim agreement (MOU) is made with various supplier industries for collection treatment and disposal of wastes. Table 2.8 MoU from Industries for Disposal of Waste S.No Name of the Supplier 1 Potential suppliers of biodegradable effluent Organic Aromatics Leonid Chemicals Pvt Ltd Medicare Incin India Pvt Ltd Pearl Coating And Chemicals Phikon Biotech Gem Paints Toka Rika Minda Pvt Ltd Beloor Bayir Bio Tech Ltd Total quantity 300 M 3 /d 2 Potential Supplier of Non Biodegradable Effluent Organica Aromatics Leonid Chemicals Pvt Ltd Medicare Incin India Pvt Ltd Pearl Coating And Chemicals Phikon Biotech Gem Paints Toka Rika Minda Pvt Ltd Beloor Bayir Bio Tech Ltd Total quantity 60 M 3 /d Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 16

51 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 3 Potential Suppliers of HSW Organica Aromatics Leonid Chemicals Pvt Ltd Medicare Incin India Pvt Ltd Pearl Coating And Chemicals Phikon Biotech Gem Paints Toka Rika Minda Pvt Ltd Beloor Bayir Bio Tech Ltd TD Power Systems Pvt Ltd Dustven Pvt Ltd Intergarden India Pvt Ltd ANZ International Manufacturing Pvt Ltd HHV Solar Technologies Pvt Ltd CM Envirosystems Pvt Ltd Reynolds Technofab Pvt Ltd Lm Glasfiber India Pvt Ltd Total Quantity 4800 Kg/d 2.7 Land Allocation The land required for the BEPL project was allotted by KIADB in the industrial area at Sompura, Reference no: IADB/HO/AS/Allot/18332/5938/ , Dated on The land document is given in the Annexure VI Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2. 17

52 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 3 - Description of the Environment 3.0 Introduction Baseline environmental status in and around proposed project depicts the existing environmental conditions of air, noise, water, soil, biological and socio-economic environment. With proposed project as the center, a radial distance of 10 Km is considered as study area for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring. Baseline data was collected for various/environmental attributes so as to compute the impacts that are likely to arise due to establishment of Proposed Incinerator capacity expansion at M/s Bangalore Eco- Park Pvt Ltd, Sampura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District Karnataka. 3.1 Baseline Environmental Studies The main aim of the impact assessment study is to find out the impact of the project on the environment. This study is carried out during the project planning stage itself, so that the proponent can implement the project in a technically, financially and environmentally viable way. The success of any impact assessment study depends mainly on two factors. One is estimation of impact from proposed project on the environment and the second one is assessment of the environmental condition. Both are key factors to arrive at the post project scenario. The estimated impact due to the proposal can be superimposed over the existing conditions to arrive at the post project scenario. The scope of the baseline studies includes detailed characterization of following environmental components, which are most likely to be influenced by setting up an industry: Meteorological conditions Ambient Air Quality Noise Levels Water Quality (Surface + Ground water). Soil Quality and Socio Economic studies Monitoring Period The baseline data generation for the EIA has been carried out during the post monsoon season (December 2013 to February 2014). The data generation with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality, and socio economic conditions were carried out during the study period. Secondary meteorological data has been collected from the nearest IMD station of Bangalore. 3.2 Site Description Site description of the study area is given in Table 3.1 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.1

53 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.1 Site Description of the Study Area S.No Particulars Description 1 Location M/s. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd., Plot No 296B,KIADB Inustrial area, Sompura 1st Stage, Dobaspet 1.1 Present Land use KIADB industrial area. Presently the land is barren with shrubs & bushes. 1.2 Tehsil / District Nelamangala/ Tumkur 1.3 Geographical Coordinates Latitude: N : Elevation 914 m above msl 3 Nearest Major Town Bangalore Longitude: E: Nearest Highway Tumkur - Banglore NH-4 at 4 Km W Dobaspet Doddaballapur SH-207 adjacent S direction 5 Nearest Village Dobaspet 3Km W 6 Nearest Railway Station Dobaspet Railway Station, 5Km SE 7 Nearest Air port Bangalore is the nearest International and Domestic Airport at about 48 km to the Southeast from the site 8 Nearest Town Nelamangala, 23 Km SE towards Banglore 9 Nearest River None within 15 kms 10 Forests NE-Jakkasandra state forest.6 km, NE-Krishnarajapurastatefroest,6.5 km E-Mavinakommanahalli state forest,5km, E-Kenchanabura state forest,8km, WSW-Nilagal state forest,9 km. W-Nijeaga state forest,9.5 km, 11 Archeologically listed important place None in the study area 12 Ecologically sensitive zone None within 15 kms 13 Nearby Industries 1. T D Power Systems Pvt. Ltd, 2. Gem Paints Ltd, 3.Organica Aromatics. 4. Medicare Incin IndPvt. Ltd, 5. Dustven Pvt. Ltd, 6.Kurlon Ltd, 7. Intergarden India Pvt. Ltd, 8. ANZ International Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd, 9. HHV Solar Technologies Pvt. Ltd, 10. CM Envirosystems Pvt. Ltd, 11. Reynolds Technofab Pvt. Ltd, Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.2

54 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 14 Seismic zone Zone LM Glasfiber (India) Pvt. Ltd, 13. Leonid Chemicals Pvt. Ltd, 14. Phikon Biotech, 15. Pearl Coating & chemicals. 15. Karnataka hazardous waste management facility(kwmp) Meteorology Regional meteorological scenario helps to understand the trends of the climatic factors. It also helps in determining the sampling stations in predicting the post project environmental scenario. Meteorological Scenario exerts a critical influence on Air Quality as the pollution arises from the interaction of atmospheric contaminants with adverse meteorological conditions such as temperature inversions. Atmospheric stability and topographical features like hills, canyons and valleys. The study of meteorological conditions forms an intrinsic part of the environment impact assessment study. The meteorological conditions of an area and the industrial process are both intertwined and each has a definite influence over the other. Favorable weather conditions and the surroundings help the successful operation of an industry, while the industrial activity influences the weather in both positive as well as negative ways. Summary of the climatological data (IMD station Bangalore is presented here under Climatic Conditions The climate in the study region is generally dry, humid and hot and is characterized with seasonal variations as follows: Winter Summer Monsoon North East Monsoon season December to February March to May June to August September to November Project area falls under the hot temperate climate zone and hence it experiences very hot and dry. Summer season starts from March and stays till May. Rainy season due to the South- West & North East Monsoon is from mid June till the end of November. The critical weather elements that influence air pollution are wind speed, wind direction, temperature, which together determines atmosphere stability. Hence it is an indispensable part of any air pollution studies and required for interpretation of baseline information. The details of the temperature, relative humidity and rainfall observed during study period are given in Table 3.2 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.3

55 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.2 Observed Meteorological Data R. Humidity Period Temperature (oc) Rain fall (%) (mm) Min Max Min Max Dec Jan Feb Predominant wind direction Blowing from E to W Temperature The diversity of the physical features results in a corresponding diversity of climate. The climate of the study area is classified as warm, humid and tropical. The average maximum temperature is C and minimum is C. Though the annual mean Maximum temperature is only around C, and the annual mean minimum temperature is only around C the heat is oppressive in the moisture laden atmosphere of the plains. Humidity is high Iin the month of December recorded 89 % Humidity Maximum Humidity : 79 % Minimum Humidity : 51 % Rainfall Predominant rainy season: June to September Average annual rainfall : mm Wind Pattern during winter Season Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere has significant impacts on neighborhood air environment. The dispersion/dilution of the released pollutant over a large area will result in considerable reduction of the concentration of a pollutant. The dispersion in turn depends on the weather conditions like the wind speed, direction, temperature, relative humidity, mixing height, cloud cover and also the rainfall in the area. Normally the impacts surrounding the project site are studied in detail. Wind speed and direction data recorded during the study period is useful in identifying the influence of meteorology on the air quality of the area. Based on the IMD meteorological data wind roses that is the diagrammatic representation of wind speed and wind direction along with their persistence for a fractional period of occurrence at a given location is constructed. Wind roses on sixteen sector basis have been drawn. Wind directions and wind speed frequency observed during study period month wise and for full season are given in Table 3.3 to Table 3.6 wind rose diagrams are given in Figure 3.1 to Figure 3.6. The winds were predominantly recorded from E closely followed by NE during December Calm conditions prevailed for 9.41% of the total time and the average wind speed for the month of December is 2.36 m/sec. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.4

56 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka During January 2014 the winds were predominantly recorded from E closely followed by SE Calm conditions prevailed for 10.62% of the total time and the average wind speed for the month of January is 2.18 m/sec. During February winds were predominantly recorded from E closely followed by SE. Calm conditions prevailed for 12.35% of the total time and the average wind speed for the month of February is 2.45 m/sec. Furthermore, for the entire Winter season the winds were predominantly recorded from E closely followed by SE and NE. Calm conditions prevailed for 10.74% of the total time and the average wind speed for the season i.e. Dec 2013 to February 2014 is 2.33 m/sec. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.5

57 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.3 Frequency Distribution for the Month of December Directions / Wind >= 5.5 Classes (m/s) Total (%) N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Sub-Total Calms 9.41 Wind Speed 2.36 Total 100 Note: All Values are in Percentage Figure 3.1 Wind Rose December Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.6

58 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.4 January 2014 Frequency Distribution Table Directions / Wind Classes Total >= 5.5 (%) (m/s) N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Sub-Total Calms Wind Speed 2.18 Total 100 Figure 3.2 Wind Rose January 2014 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.7

59 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.5 February 2014 Frequency Distribution Table Directions / Wind Classes,(m/s) >= 5.5 Total (%) N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Sub-Total Calms Wind speed 2.45 Total Figure 3.3 Wind Rose February 2014 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.8

60 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Directions / Wind Classes(m/s) Table 3.6 Winter Season - Frequency Distribution Table >= 5.5 Total (%) N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Sub-Total Calms Wind Speed 2.33 Total 100 Figure 3.4 Wind Rose (December-2013 to February 2014) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.9

61 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 3.3 Sampling Locations In order to identify the quality of Air, Noise, Water (both Surface and Groundwater), and Soil surrounding the project area, sampling locations are identified Basis for Selection of the Monitoring Locations The selection of the monitoring site criteria is based on the Wind flow direction Drainage pattern like upstream and downstream of water bodies Topography /Terrain of the study area Density of population within region Residential and Sensitive areas Magnitude of surrounding industries if any Proximity of industrial activity if any 3.4 Ambient Air Quality The Ambient Air quality was monitored in the impact area as per MoEF guidelines. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The prime objective of the baseline Air quality study was to assess the existing Ambient Air quality of the area Parameters for Sampling & Sampling Frequency The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed Ambient Air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the Air quality surveillance programme has been based on the following considerations: Meteorological parameters on synoptic scale Topography of the study area Representatives of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status Representatives of likely impact areas. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at 10 locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points. AAQ locations were selected in downwind, cross wind and upwind direction of the proposed Project location. The details of the monitoring stations are given in Table 3.7; air monitoring locations are shown in Figure 3.5. At each sampling station monitoring was carriedout for a frequency of 2 days per week for 4 weeks in a month during study period. The Common Air pollutants namely Respirable Particulate Matter (PM<2.5µ, PM<10µ), Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x ), and Ozone (O 3 ), and Mercury (Hg) were sampled on 8/24 hourly and results were averaged to 24 hours to meet the requirements of the MoEF and compared with the standards stipulated by CPCB. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.10

62 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.7 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations S. Code Name of the Wind W.R.T. Site Latitude Longitude No Station Type Dir Dist (Km) (North) (East) 1 A1 Site o o A2 Pemmanahalli Downwin d WSW 2 13 o o A3 Crosswind SW 1 13 o o Lakshmanapura 4 A4 Nidvanda Downwin d W o o A5 Bharatipura Crosswind SW o o A6 Rayarapalya Crosswind S 1 77 o o A7 Tavarekere Crosswind SE 2 13 o o A8 Makankuppa Crosswind N 1 77 o o A9 Muddallnganah alli Upwind E o o A10 Manna Crosswind NE o o Air Quality Scenario in the Study Area The existing concentration levels of Air pollutants of concern, as mentioned above, are presented in Table 3.8 to Table 3.9. Statistical parameters like minimum, maximum mean and 98 th percentiles have been computed from the observed raw data for all sampling stations. The observed values were compared with the standards given in Table 3.10 as prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Residential and Rural zone. Table 3.8 Particulate Matter Levels in the Study Area (µg/m 3 ) Particulate Matter <10µ Particulate Matter <2.5µ Code Location 98 th 98 th Min Max Avg. Min Max Avg. Per le Per le A1 Site A2 Pemmanahalli A3 Lsakshmanapura A4 Nidvanda A5 Bharatpura A6 Rayarapaya A7 Tavarekere A8 Makankuppa A9 Muddallnganahalli A10 Manna Standards Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.11

63 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.5 Air Monitoring Locations Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.12

64 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.9 SO 2 & NO 2 Levels in the Study Area (µg/m 3 ) Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) Cod Location 98 th 98 th e Min Max Avg. Min Max Avg. Per le Per le A1 Site A2 Pemmanahalli A3 Lsakshmanapura A4 Nidvanda A5 Bharatpura A6 Rayarapaya A7 Tavarekere A8 Makankuppa A9 Uddallnganahalli A10 Manna Standards Table 3.10 Ozone & Mercury Levels in the Study Area (µg/m 3 ) Code Location Ozone Mercury Min Max Avg. 98 th Per le Min Max Avg. 98 th Per le A1 Site BDL BDL BDL BDL A2 Pemmanahalli BDL BDL BDL BDL A3 Lsakshmanapura BDL BDL BDL BDL A4 Nidvanda BDL BDL BDL BDL A5 Bharatpura BDL BDL BDL BDL A6 Rayarapaya BDL BDL BDL BDL A7 Tavarekere BDL BDL BDL BDL A8 Makankuppa BDL BDL BDL BDL A9 Uddallnganahalli BDL BDL BDL BDL A10 Manna BDL BDL BDL BDL Standards (8,hours) Note: Below Detectable Limit of O 3 = 6µg/m 3, Hg = 0.015µg/m 3 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.13

65 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka b) Particulate Matter <2.5µ & <10µ Particulate Matter (PM) is the term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air. These particles originate from a variety of sources, such as power plants, industrial processes, and diesel trucks, and they are formed in the atmosphere by transformation of gaseous emissions. Their chemical and physical compositions depend on location and time of year. Particulate matter is composed of both coarse and fine particles. Coarse particles (PM 10 ) have an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5µ and 10µ. They are formed by mechanical disruption (e.g. crushing, grinding, and abrasion of surfaces) evaporation of sprays, and suspension of dust. PM 10 is composed of alumina silicate and other oxides of crustal elements, and major sources including fugitive dust from roads, industry, agriculture, construction and demolition, and fly ash from fossil fuel combustion. The lifetime of PM10 is from minutes to hours, and its travel distance varies from <1Km to 10 Km. Fine particles have an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5µ (PM 2.5 ). They differ from PM 10 in origin and chemistry. These particles are formed from gas and condensation of high temperature vapors during combustion, and they are composed of various combinations of Sulfate compounds, Nitrate compounds, Carbon compounds, Ammonium, Hydrogen ion, organic compounds, metals (Pb, Cd, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe), and Particle bound water. The major sources of PM 2.5 are fossil fuel combustion, vegetation burning, and the smelting and processing of metals. Their lifetime is from days to weeks and travel distance ranges from 100s to >1000s Km. The minimum and maximum level of Particulate Matter <2.5µ recorded within the study area were in the range of 10.7 to 23.2 µg/m 3. The minimum and maximum level of Particulate Matter <10µ recorded within the study area were in the range of 39.8 to 57.6 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of Particulate Matter <2.5µ & Particulate Matter <10µ were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that all sampling stations recorded values within the applicable limits of residential and rural area limits for all locations in study area. c) Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide gas is an inorganic gaseous pollutant. Sulfur dioxide emissions are expected to be emitted wherever combustion of any fuel containing sulfur takes place. The sulfur in the fuel will combine with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide. Sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the sulfur group. In general, some of the important sources of sulfur dioxide are power stations, sulfuric acid plants, oil refining, boilers in utilities in any industry and domestic use of coal. The following sources of Sulfur dioxide in the study area are identified: 1. Emissions from domestic fuel (coal, diesel, etc.) 2. Emissions from DG sets used by industries and local residents Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.14

66 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Information in the literature has indicated that the presence of sulfur dioxide in the photochemical smog reaction enhances the formation of visibility enhancing aerosols. Sulfur dioxide in atmosphere is significant because of its toxicity. Sulfur dioxide is capable of producing illness and lung injury. Further it can combine with water in the air to form toxic acid aerosols that can corrode metal surfaces, fabrics and the leaves of plants. Sulfur dioxide is irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Excessive exposure to sulfur dioxide causes bronchial asthma and other breathing related diseases as it affects the lungs. The minimum and maximum level of SO 2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 08.5 µg/m 3 to 18.6 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of SO 2 were compared with the National Ambient Air quality standards and it was found that the recorded values, of all the monitored locations, were much lower than the applicable limit of 80µg/m 3 for residential and rural areas. d) Oxides of Nitrogen Oxides of nitrogen are also inorganic gaseous pollutants, similar to Sulfur dioxide. The emission of Oxides of nitrogen occurs wherever combustion at high temperatures takes place. Nitrous oxide and nitric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the inorganic nitrogen group. In general, some of the important sources of oxides of nitrogen are boilers (Utilities) in any industry and Auto exhaust. In a metropolitan city, the NO x levels are predominant due to automobile exhaust. The sources of oxides of nitrogen in the study area are identified: 1. Emissions from industrial and domestic burning of coal. 2. Emissions from automobiles. Oxides of nitrogen have far greater significance in photochemical smog reaction than any of the other inorganic gaseous contaminants. NO x in the presence of sunlight will undergo reactions with a number of organic compounds to produce all the effects associated with photochemical smog. NO x has inherent ability to produce deleterious effects by themselves like toxicity. It acts as an asphyxiate when in concentrations great enough to reduce the normal oxygen supply from the air. The minimum and maximum level of NO x recorded within the study area was in the range of 10.9 µg/m 3 to 24.2 µg/m 3. The 24 hourly average values of NO x were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and it was found that all the sampling stations recorded values much lower than the applicable limit of 80 µg/m 3 for residential and rural areas. [ e) Ozone (O 3 ) Ozone (O 3 ) or Trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope (O 2 ). Ozone in the lower atmosphere is an Air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals and will burn sensitive plants; however the Ozone layer in the upper atmosphere is Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.15

67 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka beneficial, preventing potentially damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth s surface. Ozone is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth s atmosphere. The minimum and maximum level of O 3 recorded within the study area was in the range of 08.6 µg/m 3 to 22.3 µg/m 3. The 8 hour average values of Ozone were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that the recorded values were within the applicable limits of residential and rural area limits for all the locations in study area. f) Mercury (Hg) It is well known that Mercury (Hg) is emitted to the atmosphere from a variety of natural and anthropogenic sources. The primary natural processes that release Hg to the atmosphere include volatilization of Hg from marine and aquatic environments, volatilization from vegetation, volcanic emissions, degassing from geological materials, and releases associated with wind-blown dust. Mercury emissions to the atmosphere from wind-blown dusts, weathering of mercurycontaining rocks and release of mercury from abandoned mercury mines may represent an important diffuse source of mercury in the environment. Major anthropogenic sources of atmospheric Hg include area and point sources. Area sources includes emissions from small scale fuel burning, electric lamp breakage, laboratory use, dental preparation, landfills, and sludge application. Point sources include combustion processes, manufacturing industries and wide range of minor sources. Coal and oil burning in electric utilities as well as in residential, commercial and industrial facilities, incineration of solid waste (namely municipal solid waste and medical waste) and sewage sludge, and primary non-ferrous metal smelters are major combustion sources categories. Mercury Concentration in the study area was below detectable limit. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.16

68 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No Table 3.11 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (MOEF, Notification, New Delhi 16 th November 2009, Schedule VII) Concentration in Ambient Pollutant Time weighte d average Industrial, residential, rural and other area Air Ecological sensitive area (Notify by Central Govt.) Method of Measurement 1 Sulphur Dioxide SO 2 µg/m 3 Annual * Improved West & Gaeke Method 24 hrs** Ultraviolet Fluorescence 2 Nitrogen Dioxide NO 2 µg/m 3 Annual* Modified Jacob & Hochheiser (Na-Arsenic) 24 hrs** Chemiluminescence 3 Particulate Matter Annual Gravimetric * Size Less Than 10 µm Or PM 10 µg/m 3 24 hrs** TOEM Beta Attenuation 4 Particulate Matter Size less Than 2.5 µm Or PM 2.5 µg/m 3 Annual Gravimetric * 24 hrs** TOEM Beta Attenuation 5 Ozone O 3 µg/m UV Photometric Hour** 1 Hr** Chemiluminescence Chemical Method 6 Lead Pb µg/m 3 Annual * AAS/Icp method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper. 24 hrs** ED XRF using Teflon Filter 8 Hrs** Non Dispersive Infra Red 7 Carbon Monoxide CO mg/m 3 (NDIR) 1 Hr** Spectroscopy 8 Ammonia NH 3 Annual Chemiluminescence µg/m 3 * 24 hrs** Indophenol Blue Method 9 Benzene (C 6 H 6 ) µg/m 3 Annual* Gas Chromatography based Continuous Analyzer Adsorption and desorption followed by GC analysis 10 Benzo(α) Pyrene (BaP) Particulate Annual* Solvent Extraction followed by HPLC/GC Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.17

69 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Phase only ng/m 3 analysis 11 Arsenic As ng/m 3 Annual* AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper 12 Nickel Ni ng/m 3 Annual* AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper * Annual arithmetic mean of min 104 measurements in a year at particular site taken twice a week 24 hrly at uniform intervals. ** 24hourly or 8 hourly or 1 hourly monitoring values, as applicable shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring. NOTE: Whenever and Wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the limits specifies above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute regular or continuous and further investigation. 3.5 Water Quality Surface water and ground water samples were collected from different sources within the study area and some important physical and chemical parameters including heavy metals were considered for depicting the baseline status of the study area Water Quality Assessment About 09 ground water samples were collected from the study area to assess the water quality during the study period. The ground water samples were drawn from the hand pumps and open wells being used by the villagers for their domestic needs. The details of the locations are given in Table 3.12, ground water samplinmg locations shown in Figure 3.6 S. No Code Table 3.12 Water Sampling Locations Ground water Source W.R.T. Site Type Dir Dist (Km) Name of the Station Latitude (North) Longitude (East) 1 GW1 Pemmanahalli Borewell WSW 2 13 o o GW2 Lsakshmanapura Borewell SW 1 13 o o GW3 Nidvanda Borewell W o o GW4 Bharatpura Borewell SW o o GW5 Rayarapaya Borewell S 1 77 o o GW6 Tavarekere Borewell SE 2 13 o o GW7 Makankuppa Borewell N 1 77 o o GW8 Muddallnganahalli Borewell E o o GW9 Manna Borewell NE o o Water Quality Scenario in the Study Area The water samples collected from the above locations were analyzed for important major and minor ions, and the analytical results of the water samples were compared with IS: drinking water standards and the results are shown in Tables 3.13 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.18

70 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.6 Ground Water Monitoring Locations Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.19

71 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Parameter Colour Unit Haze n units Table 3.13 Groundwater Sample Analysis Results GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 GW9 IS Acc ept abl e ph Turbidity NTU TSS mg/l <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 11 <10 <10 <10 Permi ssible No relaxa tion Electrical umh os/c Conductvity m T DS mg/l Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l Chlorides as Cl mg/l Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 45 No relaxa Nitrate as NO3 mg/l tion Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l Potassium as K mg/l Flouride as F mg/l Iron as Fe mg/l No Lead as Pb Cadmium as Cd Chromium as Cr Cyanide as CN - Copper as Cu Zinc as Zn mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l < < < < < < < < < < <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < < < < < < < < < relaxa tion No 5 relaxa 0.0 tion Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.20

72 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka The ph limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the ph was varying for ground waters from 7.37 to The ph values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to be within the limits. The acceptable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: are 500 mg/l where as the permissible limits in absence of alternate source are 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved solids are varying from 612 mg/l to 856 mg/l. The TDS of all the samples were above the acceptable limits (500 mg/l) but within the permissible limits of 2000 mg/l. The acceptable limit for chloride is 250mg/l as per IS: where as the permissible limit of the same is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 128 mg/l to a maximum of 165 mg/l. All Locations are within the acceptable limits. The acceptable limit as per IS:10500 for hardness is 200 mg/l where as the permissible limit for the same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the hardness is varying from 320 mg/l to 468 mg/l showing that all samples are falling under permissible limit. Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the acceptable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3-10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.24 to 0.36 mg/l. Overall all the samples collected from the study area were found to be fit for human consumption; however the hardness, dissolved solids of ground water samples seem to be above acceptable limit but well within the permissible limits. All the heavy metals like Lead, Manganese, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Cyanide and Zinc are within limits. 3.6 Noise Environment Noise can be defined as unwanted sound or sound in the wrong place at the wrong time. It can also be defined as any sound that is unacceptable because it interferes with speech and hearing, is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. The definition noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.21

73 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka environment, including land, structures, and domestic animals. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological systems. Sound can be transmitted through gases, liquids, and solids. Noise impacts can be of concern during the construction and the operational phases of projects. Noise should also be considered in relation to present and future land use zoning and policies. Construction noise can be a significant source of community noise. Of concern are impacts on people near the construction site, who are totally unrelated to construction activities (e.g. area residents, office workers, school children, staff, etc). Factors which are important in determining noise levels that will potentially impact such populations include distance from the noise source, natural or man-made barriers between the source and the impacted population, weather conditions which could potentially absorb, reflect, or focus sound (such as wind speed, direction, temperature inversions), and the scale and intensity of the particular construction phase (excavation, erection, or finishing). The Environment/health impacts of noise can vary from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise levels and tolerance levels of individual Sources of Noise The main sources of noise in the study area are domestic activities, industrial activities and vehicular traffic. The main occupation of the villagers in the study area is agricultural business Noise Levels in the Study Area Baseline noise levels have been monitored at 10 locations within the study zone, using a spot noise measurement device. At random noise level measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status, keeping in view the land use pattern, residential areas in villages, schools, bus stands, etc., the day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 10 PM and the night levels during 10.0 PM to 6 AM. The noise monitoring stations are shown in Table 3.14 The results are presented in Table 3.15, noise monitoring locations shown in Figure 3.7. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.22

74 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.14 Noise Monitoring Locations W.R.T. Site S. Name of the Latitude Longitude Code Dist No Station Dir (North) (East) (Km) 1 N1 Site o o N2 Pemmanahalli WSW 2 13 o o N3 Lsakshmanapura SW 1 13 o o N4 Nidvanda W o o N5 Bharatpura SW o o N6 Rayarapaya S 1 77 o o N7 Tavarekere SE 2 13 o o N8 Makankuppa N 1 77 o o N9 Uddallnganahalli E o o N10 Manna NE o o Regional Scenario The noise levels observed in some of the rural areas are primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. In rural areas, wind blowing and chirping of birds would contribute to noise levels especially during the nights. The day equivalents during the study period are ranging between 53.2 db (A) to 55.1 db (A). Where as, the night equivalents were in the range of 42.0 db (A) to 43.9dB (A). From the results, it can be seen that the Day equivalents and the Night equivalents were within the Ambient Noise standards of residential area standards. The day and night equivalent levels during the study period are ranging between 52.9 db (A) to Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.23

75 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.7 Noise Monitoring Locations Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.24

76 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.15 Noise Levels in the Study Area db (A) Hours N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 Stds Min Max Lday Lnight Ldn AAQ Standards in respect of Noise SO 123 ( E ) dt 14 th Feb 2000 Residential Area Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.25

77 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 3.7 Traffic Study The automobile source is currently the major source of air pollutant emission in many air quality impact analyses. A traffic study is required for the no-build alternative as well as the build-out alternative. This information is required to assess the Traffic density pattern of the region and to assist the proponent in planning vehicular movement during the project and the air quality due to vehicular emissions for the study period, should the project not be implemented whereas the latter information is required to assess the air quality for the study period should the project be implemented. Table 3.16 Near Site -NH-207(To & Fro) Hours Two wheeler PC U/h r Three Wheeler Passenger cars Trucks, Buses and lorries Total vehicles Total PCU/ Hr PCU/ PCU/ PCU/ Total v/hr v/hr hr v/hr hr v/hr hr v/hr 6 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to PCU- Passenger Car per Unit Total Width of the Road :20 feet The highest peak observed is 1155 PCU s/hr during to hrs Carrying Capacity of the Road (2 lane two way): 1500 PCU/Hr As per IRC: Existing V/C Ratio 0.77 LOS= Level of Services (Existing) D LOS=Level of Service (after execution of project addition of 70 PCU/hr) 0.82 V/C LOS Performance A Excellent B Very good C Good D Fair/Average E Poor 1.0 & above F Very poor Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.26

78 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka As per the IRC: recommendations, a 2 lane, 2 way road can accommodate 1500 PCU per hour. The highest peak observed is 1155 PCU/hr as IRC-106:1990 during 10am to 11am. At the National highway as per our traffic survey, in the fair/average class, in future after execution of the project even after addition of around 70 PCUs in peak hour, the level of service will be in poor class. The methodology adopted for carrying out the traffic study was to select the major road around the project site and count the various categories of vehicles moving on this road. The traffic survey was carried out at one location namely near the Site.(NH-207). The vehicular traffic is presently predominant due to two wheelers followed by three wheelers. The traffic due to four wheelers and buses are minimal. 3.8 Soil Quality Studies The present study on soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics in the study area surrounding the project site. The study has been addressed with the following objectives. To determine the base line characteristics To determine the soil characteristics of proposed project site. To determine the impact of industrialization/urbanization on soil characteristics To determine the impacts on soils from agricultural productivity point of view Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations For studying the soil types and soil characteristics, 10 sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features. The homogenized soil samples collected at different locations were packed in a polyethylene plastic bag and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to laboratory for analysis. The important physical, chemical parameter concentrations were determined from all samples. Details of the soil sampling locations are given in Table 3.17, soil sampling locations shown in Figure 3.8 Table 3.17 Soil Sampling Locations S. Name of the W.R.T. Site Latitude Longitude Code No Station Dir Dist (Km) (North) (East) 1 S1 Site o o S2 Pemmanahalli WSW 2 13 o o S3 Lsakshmanapura SW 1 13 o o S4 Nidvanda W o o S5 Bharatpura SW o o S6 Rayarapaya S 1 77 o o S7 Tavarekere SE 2 13 o o S8 Makankuppa N 1 77 o o S9 Uddallnganahalli E o o S10 Manna NE o o Regional Scenario The soil analysis results are shown in Table 3.18 the analytical results of the soil samples collected during the study period are summarized below. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.27

79 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka The ph of the soil is an important property; plants cannot grow in low and high ph value soils. The normal range of the soils in 6.0 to 8.5 is called as normal to saline soils. Most of the essential nutrients like N, P, K, Cl and SO 4 are available for plant at the neutral ph except for Fe, Mn and Al which are available at low ph range. The soils having ph below 7 are considered to be acidic from the practical standpoint, those with ph less than 5.5 and which respond to liming may be considered to qualify to be designated as acid soils. On the basis of ph measurements, the degree of soil acidity may be indicated. The ph values in the study area are varying from 6.89 to 7.54 indicating that the soils are falling in normal to saline class. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.28

80 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.8 Soil Sampling Locations Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.29

81 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.18 Soil Analysis Results Parameter Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 ph ( 10% Solution) EC ( 10 % Solution) µs Organic Matter % Organic Carbon % CEC SAR Calcium mg/kg Magnesium mg/kg Sodium mg/kg Potassium as K Nitrogen as N Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Phosphates as P Kg/Ha Lead as Pb mg/kg Chromium as Cr mg/kg Zinc as Zn mg/kg ICAR STDS Acidic <6.0 Normal to saline Tending to become alkaline Alkaline > 9.0 Normal <1000 Critical for germination Critical for growth Injurious to most crops > 4000 Low below 0.5 Medium 0.5 to 0.75 High above 0.75 Low below 110 Medium 110 to 280 High above 280 Low below 280 Medium 280 to 560 High above 560 Low below 10 Medium 10 to 25 High above 25 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.30

82 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Based on the electrical conductivity, the soils are classified into 4 groups (Normal, Critical for germination, Critical for growth of the sensitive crops, Injurious to most crops). The electrical conductivity in the study area is varying from 112 to 175 µs indicating that soils falling under Normal category. The organic carbon in the study area is varying from 0.21 to 0.32 % indicating that all samples are falling under low category The other important parameters for characterization of soil for irrigation are Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are known as primary nutrients, Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur as secondary nutrients. The primary and secondary nutrient elements are known as major elements. This classification is based on their relative abundance, and not on their relative importance. Nitrogen encourages the vegetative development of plants by imparting a healthy green colour to the leaves. It also controls, to some extent, the efficient utilization of phosphorus and potassium. Its deficiency retards growth and root development, turns the foliage yellowish or pale green, hastens maturity, causes the shriveling of grains and lowers crop yield. The older leaves are affected first. An excess of nitrogen produces leathery (and sometimes crinkled), dark green leaves and succulent growth. It also delays the maturation of plants, impairs the quality of crops like barley, potato, tobacco, sugarcane and fruits increases susceptibility to diseases and causes lodging of cereal crops by inducing an undue lengthening of the stem internodes. The available Nitrogen as N in the study area is varying from 251 to 632 kg/ha indicating that around five samples are falling under medium category,3 samples are in high category and one sample is falling in low category. Phosphorus influences the vigour of plants and improves the quality of crops. It encourages the formation of new cells, promotes root growth (particularly the development of fibrous roots), and hastens leaf development, the emergence of ears, the formation of grains, and the maturation of crops. It also increases resistance to disease and strengthens the stems of cereal plants, thus reducing their tendency to lodge. It offsets the harmful effects of excess nitrogen in the plant. When applied to leguminous crops it hastens and encourages the development of nitrogen fixing nodule bacteria. If phosphorus is deficient in the soil, plants fail to make a quick start, do not develop a satisfactory root-system, remain stunted and sometimes develop a tendency to show a reddish or purplish discolouration of the stem and foliage owing to an abnormal increase in the sugar content and the formation of anthocyanin. However the deficiency of this element is not so easily recognized as that of nitrogen. It has also been observed that cattle feeding on the produce of phosphorus deficient soils become dwarfed, develop stiff joints and lose the velvety feel of the skin. Such animals show an abnormal craving for eating bones and even soil itself. In the study area available Phosphorus is varying from 12 to 21 kg/ha, which indicates that all samples are falling in medium range. Potassium enhances the ability of the plants to resist diseases, insect attacks, and cold and other adverse conditions. It plays an essential part in the formation of starch and in the production and translocation of sugars, and is thus of special value to carbohydrates rich crops, e.g. sugarcane, potato and sugar beet. The increased production of starch and sugar in legumes fertilized with Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.31

83 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka potash benefits the symbiotic bacteria and thus enhances the fixation of nitrogen. It also improves the quality of tobacco, citrus, etc. With an adequate supply of potash, cereals produce plump grains and strong straw. But an excess of the element tends to delay maturity, though not to the same extent as nitrogen. Plants can take up and store potassium in much larger quantities than what is needed for optimum growth and this excess uptake is known as luxury consumption. With the maturity or death of plants, potassium is washed out from the plant body readily. Vegetables and legumes are particularly heavy consumers of potassium. The deficiency of potassium produces the characteristic ringing of alfalfa leaves with rows of small white spots, reddish brown discolouration of cotton leaves, the drying, scorching and curbing of leaf margins of potato, and intraveinal chlorosis and flaring along the edges of maize leaves. The older leaves are affected first. The available potassium in the study area is varying between 197 to 316 kg/ha which indicates that 5 samples all samples are falling in medium category and remaining 4 samples are falling high category. 3.9 Biological Environment An ecological study of the ecosystem is essential to understand the impact of industrialization and urbanization on existing flora and fauna of the study area. Studies on various aspects of ecosystem play an important role in identifying sensitive issues for under taking appropriate action to mitigate the impact, if any. The present study was under taken as a part of the study to understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study area, to compare it with past condition with the help of available data, to predict changes as a result of present activities and to suggest measures for maintaining its health. A buffer zone of 10 km radius around the project site has been considered to study the ecosystem. Following methods are being adopted for this survey. Generation of data through observation Secondary data collected from publications of various Government agencies like forest department, agriculture department and rural development department etc. Consulting local people for gathering information on local plants and animals. A survey was done to have an overview of the eco-system of the core area. The biodiversity of vegetation in the area is not very high. The list of the flora and fauna of study area is given in Table 3.19 & 3.20 respectively. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.32

84 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.19 List of Floral Species in the Study Area S.No. Botanical name Common name Trees 1. Aegle marmelos Bel 2. Albizia lebbeck Siris Tree 3. Azadirachta indica Neem 4. Borassus flabellifer Palmyra Palm 5. Callistemon viminalis Bottlebrush Tree 6. Cocos nucifera Coconut 7. Emblica officinalis Gooseberry 8. Eucalyptus tereticornis Eucalyptus 9. Ficus religiosa Peepal 10. Mangifera indica Mango 11. Phoenix sylvestris Wild Date Palm 12. Polyalthia longifolia Mast Tree 13. Prosopis cineraria Jhand 14. Syzygium cumini Jamun 15. Tamarindus indicus Tamarind 16. Terminalia catappa Indian Almond Herbs, Shrubs and Grasses 17. Achyranthus aspera Chaff Flower 18. Amaranthus spinosus Prickly Amaranth 19. Andrographis serpyllifolia Roundleaf Kariyat 20. Asparagras racemosus Wild Asparagus (Satawari) 21. Bambusa stricta Bamboo 22. Borreria articularis Jointed Buttonweed 23. Cardiospermum halicacabum Balloon Vine 24. Catharanthus roseus Broom grass 25. Celosia argentea Cockscomb 26. Centella asiatica Indian Pennywort 27. Chloris barbata Swollen Finger Grass 28. Cleome monophylla Spider Flower 29. Croton bonplandianum Ban Tulasi 30. Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass 31. Cyperus odoratus Fragrant Sedge 32. Dactyloctenium aegyptium Crowfoot grass 33. Eleusine indica Indian Wiregrass 34. Emilia sonchifolia Purple Sow Thistle 35. Euphorbia hirta Asthma Weed 36. Evolvulus alsinoides Dwarf Morning Glory 37. Hemidesmus indicus Indian Sarsaparilla 38. Lantana camara Lantana 39. Leucas aspera Common Leucas 40. Mimosa pudica Touch Me Not Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.33

85 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 41. Ocimum adscendens Tulasi 42. Oldenlandia fruticosa Needle Grass 43. Oxalis corniculata Creeping Wood Sorrel 44. Parthenium hysterophorus Congress Grass 45. Perotis indica Indian Comet Grass 46. Phyllanthus amarus Black Catnip 47. Sida acuta Common Wireweed 48. Sida cordata Long Stalk Sida 49. Tridax procumbens Tridax Daisy Table 3.20 List Of Mammals in the Study Area S.No Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status 1 Common Indian Mongoose Herpestes edwadsii Common 2 Indian Fox Vulpes bengalendis Common 3 Jackal Canis aureus Common 4 Wolf Canis lupus Common 5 Indian porcupine Hystrix indica Common 6 Wild Boar Sus scrofa Common 7 Three striped palm squirrel Funambulus palmarum Common Table 3.21 Bird s in 10-km radius study area S.No Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status 1 Crested Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus Common 2 Black Eagle Ictinaetus malayensis Common 3 Jungle Babler Turdoidus straiatus Common 4 Grey Jungle fowl Gallus sonneratii Common 5 Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Common 6 Common Hawk Cuculus varius Common 7 Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Common 8 Scops Owl Otus scops Rare 9 Great horned owl Bubo bubo Rare 10 Crested tree swift Hemiprocne iongipennis Common 11 Blackbacked woodpecker Chrysocolaptes festivus Common 12 Grey Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus Common 13 Greenish leaf Warbler Phykkiscipus trochiloides Migratory 14 Redwhiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus Common 15 Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisii Rare 16 Blue rock thrush Monticola solitarius Migratory Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.34

86 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 3.22 Bird s in 10-Km Radius Study Area S.No Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status 1 Crimson rose Pachiopta hector Rare 2 Common lime Ppilio demoleus Common 3 White orange tip Ixias marianne Common 4 Common Emigrant Catopsilia crocale Common 5 Indian sunbeam Curetis thetis Common 6 Pale grass blue Zzina otis Common 7 Plain tiger Danais chrysippus Common 8 Common crow Euploea core Common 9 Common evening brown Melanitis leda Common 10 Common castor Ariadne merione Common 11 Yellow pansy Junonia hierta Common Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.35

87 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Socio-Economic Configurations of the Area: General To understand developmental needs of the local population and community as a whole, Bangalore Eco-park project had planned to collect information about the status of socio economic aspects of the area by doing sample survey through questionnaire and personal meeting of the villagers of few villages Approach For the preparation of comprehensive report, the selected villages in the 10 km radius were visited for conducting sample village survey containing questions about all socio-economic aspects, including questions on the aspirations and requirements of the people for a better living. The village schedule was filled to survey the overall condition of the village with respect to the community land, major crops produced, sources of irrigation, availability of potential earning opportunities in the vicinity, community institutions (Schools, Anganwadi centre, Health Sub-centre, Community centre, Places of worship, etc.), availability of electricity, provision of drainage and toilet facility etc. The surrounding 10Km radius of the proposed Incinerator project is inhabited by economically weaker section people. They lack basic facilities like roads, drinking water, dwellings, employment, lavatories, education, medical and electricity facilities. The main occupation of the people in this area is agriculture. Few work as daily wage labourers in the Dobaspet industrial area. When survey was conducted in the local village the interaction with the local people yielded important facts. Local population depends mainly on agriculture and livestock are the main source for livelihood. The common livestock such as Cows, bullocks and buffaloes are found in the villages. In future the environmental pollution from proposed industrial projects in the Dobaspet and Sompura Industrial areas may cause a major threat for reduction in agriculture production. People lament about no electricity and irrigation facility for agriculture and ground water levels also decreased in study area. In the local villages public or private lavatories are absent. But basic facilities like education, medical, transportation, roads and infrastructure are developed to some extent and still have to be developed further. People are expecting facilities like professional training centers, selfemployment schemes for women and unemployed educated youth. Panchayats: Sompura, Manne and Agalakuppe. Villages and hamlets visited: Nidavanda (Sompura Panchayat), Timmanayakanahalli (Sompura Panchayat), Tattekere (Sompura Panchayat), Yadahalli (Sompura Panchayat), Muddalinganahalli (Manne Panchayat), Agalakuppe (Agalakuppe Panchayat) and Krishnapura (Agalaguppe Panchayat). Secondary data of the villages is given in Table Interaction with the people during the survey is shoiwn in Figure 3.9 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.36

88 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.9 Interaction with the Local People Panchayat : villages HH Total Population Table no 3.23 Secondary data of the visited villages Male Female 0-6 years age SC Total ST Total SC&ST Total Sompura Manne Agalakuppe Total Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.37

89 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Methodology used for Data collection: Field experts had combined in carrying out the field activity and conducting the research. Field Visit Village Survey Schedule The visit to village s, survey and discussions were carried out during the study period have collected the relevant data through local people discussions. Three village panchayats were covered for primary data collection, which are Sompura, Manne and Agalakuppe. Seven hamlet villages were coverd, which are Nidavanda (Sompura Panchayat), Timmanayakanahalli (Sompura Panchayat), Tattekere (Sompura Panchayat), Yadahalli (Sompura Panchayat), Muddalinganahalli (Manne Panchayat), Agalakuppe (Agalakuppe Panchayat) and Krishnapura (Agalaguppe Panchayat). Among villages of the 10-km radius of the project area, total 20 families were taken for sample survey from seven villages, the village wise sample survey conducted families & their socio-economic profile is given below in Table 3.24 Table no 3.24 Socio Economic Profile Sl.No. Name of the village No. of families Total Population 1 Nidavanda Timmanayakanahalli Tattekere Yadahalli Muddalinganahalli Agalakuppe Krishnapura 3 15 Total Socio-economic analysis of the villages namely Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura were taken up as a part of the study. The data is based on the in depth collection of village level information in sampled villages through primary data to understand the social conditions, the needs and aspiration of the people and to draw a programme for development. Demographic population distribution is given in Table 3.35 The core village panchayats which falls under the project area are Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura. These village panchayats are (within 0-3-km of the project) near by the project. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.38

90 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Primary Data Description Table 3.25 Demographic Population Distribution Primary data collection has been done in the villages namely Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura. The data collected were from panchayat leaders and the village people Community: Regarding the religion in these villages, majority of these villagers are Hindus, few Muslim communities and none of Christian communities were found during the sample survey. The backward community is represented by Thigalaru, Kuraba etc. The villages have more OBC s and General Caste s they belong to Lingayahth, and Gowda caste. Three villages have more than 17% of backward communities which include mainly Thigala gowdas and Kurubas. In Nidavanda, Tatekere and Agalaguppe villages have 30.3%, Tatekere 25.57% & Agalguppe 24.5% Scheduled Caste community, namely, Madiga and Lamabani in these villages. Community classification is given in Table 3.26 In all the villages, on an average the BC family consists of 45.2% while the schedule community people consist of 30.2% and the General Caste s constitute 24.6 %. Table 3.26 Community Classification Village Name OC OBC SC ST Nidavand, kuruba Aandijogi Nayaka Timmanayakanahalli, Lingayath Thigalaru Tattekere, Lingayath Vakaligaru Nayaka Yadahalli, Lingayath Vakaligaru Muddalinganahalli, Lingayath Vakaligaru Agalakuppe Village SC ST Total % % % Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe Krishnapura Harijanaru, Yeke Krishnapura Kuruba Harijanaru Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.39

91 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Occupation: Village Agriculture Indust rial Labou rs Labours Others Govt Sec Private sec Nidavanda, % Timmanayak anahalli, % Tattekere, % Yadahalli, % Muddalinga nahalli, % Agalakuppe % Krishnapura % Total Average total% Total %. In the study area, 19.73% of the people are involved in agriculture having lands in the nearby villages over an extent of 2-4 acres of land. 10.5% form Agriculture labourers in these villages. Other work force includes laborers in the factories11.6%. Similarly 4.83% of people are engaged in private services which include staff and officers in the nearby project. The number of people working in government services is 1.3% and the people working as others include house-hold workers, businessmen, drivers, un-employed youth and students contribute to 52.04%. Thus it is clear that the project will provide small employment opportunities to the people in the study area. Income: In all the villages, 40% of the people live below poverty line, 35% of the people fall in low income group while only 25% of the people fall under middle income group. Education: Village Name Anganwadi primary middle High School school school Nidavanda, Yes Yes Yes Yes Timmanayakanahalli, Yes Yes No No Tattekere, Yes No No No Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.40

92 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Yadahalli, Yes Yes No No Muddalinganahalli, Yes No No No Agalakuppe Yes Yes Yes Yes Krishnapura Yes Yes No No There are Anganwadi s in the study villages which are functioning for the children in the age group of 0-5years. Tattekere and Muddalinganahalli don t have Primary schools, only Nidavanda and Agalakuppe village have Middle school and high School. For vocational education, higher secondary education and for college education Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli and Krishnapura village children go to Nidavanda, Agalakuppe, Manne and Dabaspet. Health Village registered medical practisioner (RMP) primary health centre (PHC) Village Range auxillary nursing midwife (ANM) Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe Krishnapura Health care facilies lack in the study area. None of the village except Nidavanda have the dispensaries or Primary Health Care Centre (PHC) among these 7 villages for getting medical facilities, the people have to go to Manne, and Nidavanda PHC (1-6-km). In all villages the ANM, 2 Registered Medical Practitioners visit Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura. Infra Structure Facilities Sl. No Nidava nda Tattek ere Yadaha lli Agalaku ppe Timman ayakanaha lli Mudda linganaha lli 1 Post Office Yes No No No (3- km.range ) No No No 2 Electricity Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 Source of Drinking Water 4 No.of Borewell, House hold hand pump 3-public hand Water Tankers No Gram Panchay at Water Supply 3-public hand House hold hand pump 5-public hand House hold hand pump 2-public hand Water Tankers 1- public Krishn a- pura. House hold hand pump 2- public Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.41

93 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Sl. No OHT& Tap Village Tank 5 Transport (bus facility) Nidava nda pumps & 1 OHT Bus facility availabl e within the village Tattek ere Bus facility availabl e within the village Yadaha lli Agalaku ppe Timman ayakanaha lli Mudda linganaha lli pumps pumps pump hand pump Bus facility availabl e within the village Bus facility available within the village Bus facility available within the village Bus facility availabl e within the village Krishn a- pura. hand pump Bus facility availab le within the village 6 Cremation No No Yes No Yes No No ground 7 Communit y Hall Yes No No No No Yes No 8 Industries Satrac Engineering Pvt.Ltd, Varna Coats Pvt.Ltd, Emmvee Solar Systems Pvt Ltd, Micromatic Grinding Technologies Ltd., and Sami Labs Limited are functioning, in the nearby area. 9 Recreation No No No No No No No al facility 10 Temples Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 11 Banks Yes (Canara Bank) 12 Public/priv ate Toilets No. bank) No No No Yes (Corpor ation Bank) Private No private private Private private private Infrastructure Facilities: Post office is present in only 1 village i.e., Nidavanda, but there are no post offices in Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura. All the seven villages have electricity facilities. Self hand pump, water tankers and public hand pump are the main source of drinking water in all seven villages; few over head water tanks (OHT) and bore wells or mini water tanks are used as drinking water sources in these villages. Transport Facility: In all the seven villages, all villages are equipped with good transport facility through bus. No Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.42

94 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Cremation Ground: Out of all seven surveyed villages, only Nidavanda has the cremation ground facility, but Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura villages don t have any facility. People also burn the dead bodies in the Son riverbed, and in their own lands. Community Hall; In all the seven villages surveyed they lack Community Hall facility, and all the villagers stressed the need for this facility. Industries: Satrac Engineering Pvt.Ltd, Varna Coats Pvt.Ltd, Emmvee Solar Systems Pvt Ltd, Micromatic Grinding Technologies Ltd., and Sami Labs Limited are functioning, in the nearby area. Recreational Facility: From the seven surveyed villages none of them has the recreational facilities like library or village level play ground. Temples As majority of the people belong to Hindu religion, the villages have many Hindu temples altogether. The villagers celebrate the village temple functions during the months of August and April. Banks In the seven surveyed villages, villagers have to go Nidavanda or Muddalinganahalli for banking facilities. Toilet Facility Toilet facilities are not available in all the villages. Even the major villages like Nidavanda lack the public/private toilet facility, this is the most basic felt need of the people, which needs to be addressed immediately. Cropping Pattern Among the seven studied villages, namely Nidavanda, Timmanayakanahalli, Tattekere, Yadahalli, Muddalinganahalli, Agalakuppe and Krishnapura villages have red soil. Regarding the cropping pattern, it was observed that cultivating land is single crop land and most villages cultivate ragi. The farmers are using chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides. They use meager amount of natural manure. Food Pattern In all the villages, food is cooked twice in the morning and evening, food consists of mainly Roti and rice (Semi solid watery dish with dhal and vegetables in it). Only 20% of the people consume idli, ragi mudde and vada etc. Regarding the fuel use pattern 80% of the people are using firewood, 10% of the people use kerosene and 10% of the people use the LPG. Live Stock Details The types of live stock common in these villages are cows, goats, sheep, and chicken and are hardly to account. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.43

95 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Employment Opportunities Though agriculture is the main occupation, in the study villages it has been successful in providing employment opportunities to only 50-60% of the families. The remaining population depends on other type of employment opportunities like daily wage labourers. These opportunities are provided by surrounding small industries are Satrac Engineering Pvt.Ltd, Varna Coats Pvt.Ltd, Emmvee Solar Systems Pvt Ltd, Micromatic Grinding Technologies Ltd., and Sami Labs Limited are functioning, in the nearby area. In each village people get employment opportunities as daily wage earners. The proposed project by Bangalore Eco-Park Pvt. Ltd. will facilitate the direct employment opportunities. Social Services Needed The following are the needs felt by the people. Nidavanda: Proper Drinking water facilities in village. Continuous availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Muddalinganahalli: Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continuous availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Health facility either through regular. Tattekere: Yadahalli: Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continuous availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Health facility either through regular or through mobile health services. Community hall, Water facility for school, Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continuous availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Health facility either through regular or through mobile health services. Timmanayakanahalli: Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continues availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.44

96 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Health facility either through regular or through mobile health services. Agalakuppe: Community hall, Water facility for school, Krishnapura: Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continues availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Health facility either through regular or through mobile health services. Proper Drinking water facility in village. Continues availability of Electricity. Arrange for public toilet & Taps. Road Improvements Health facility either through regular or through mobile health services Observations of secondary data The study area (10km radius) falls in Bangalore rural and Tumkur districts. The site is located at Sompura village, Nelamangal Taluk, Bangalore (Rural). The Demographic profile of Tumkur rural and Bangalore rural districts are as follows. S. No Name No.of House holds Population Total Worker s Total Male Female Literate s 1 Tumkur (Dist.) Bangalore Rural (Dist.) The Demographic profile of Nelamangal taluk is given below S. Name No.of Population No House Literate Total holds Total Male Female s Workers 1 Nelamangala (Taluk) Data pertaining to socio-economic aspects of the study area (3km) has been collected from 2011 census data and presented in the Table 3.23 As per the census 2011 data, 14 revenue villages are present in 3km of the project site. The total number of households in the study area is 3,089 and total population is 12,925. For every 1000 number of males there are 942 females. The literates in the study area are 9,075 indicating 70.2% literacy rate. The SC and ST population in the study area are 2,647 (20.5%) and 714 (5.5%) respectively. The number of workers in the study area are 4,990 i.e %. Majority of the population in the study area are (34%) which include Cultivators, Agriculture labourers, workers engaged in Household industries, Construction activities, Forestry and other allied activities. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.45

97 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 3.11 Google Imagery and Topo map for 10 km radius The satellite based remote sensing is a sustainable global information system because it has the potential to meet the needs and demands of the present and future. The synoptic Average, which provides capability for integration of real time information on regional and global scales, is a unique characteristic of this information system. Its versatility lies in its inherent capability to conceptualize situation to give clear perceptions for defining short term and long term objectives Land Use land Cover The satellite based remote sensing is a sustainable global information system because it has the potential to meet the needs and demands of the present and future. The synoptic Average, which provides capability for integration of real time information on regional and global scales, is a unique characteristic of this information system. Its versatility lies in its inherent capability to conceptualize situation to give clear perceptions for defining short term and long term objectives. An activity could bring about changes in the Land use and Land cover in the vicinity. A data based on Land use and land cover indicates ecosystems existing in and around the center of an economic activity, to safeguard to allow comparison at a future date to draw conclusions on the nature. The study reported here is with the honest intention of building such a database on Land use and land cover in an area within about 10 km radius of the proposed project. The details of the landuse present in the 10 kms study area are given below in Table 3.27; Landuse Landcover Map is shown in Figure 3.11 Table 3.27 Landuse Pattern of the Study Area Description Area in Ha Area in Ac Built up Agriculture Current fallow Open forest Scrub forest Wasteland/others Scrubland Water bodies Total area Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.46

98 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure No 3.10 Google imagery of the Study Area 10 km Radius Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.47

99 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 3.11 Landuse Landcover Map Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 3.48

100 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4.1 Introduction This chapter covers potential environmental impacts due to setting up of Incinerator Facility at KIADB Industrial area, Sompura, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka state. The activities to be undertaken during planning, construction, operation and maintenance stages of the project life cycle poses potential for environmental impacts. Experience and understanding of how these project characteristics affect the physical, biological and socio-economic environments form the basis for the prediction and assessment of the potential impacts due to the project. The identified significant adverse impacts will form the basis for development of Environmental Management Plan to be implemented for mitigation. The environmental impacts identified due to project activities during construction and operation phases would include the following: Topography and Landscape Hydrology and Surface Water Quality Ambient Air Quality Ambient Noise Quality Traffic Volume Ecology Flora and Fauna Landuse Socio-economic Employment generation & induced impacts due to increased developmental activities in the area Cultural Aspects and Tourism Health and Sanitation and Aesthetics Natural Disasters Earthquakes, Floods and Landfill Stability Failure; and Other Risks Associated Road Accidents, Fire Safety, Road Safety and Entry/Exit System The environmental impacts identified above due to various activities pertaining to project components during construction and operation phase of the project are elaborated and predicted in the following sections. 4.2 Impact On Topography And Landscape Construction Phase The potential impacts on topography are expected due to excavation work for laying of foundations for various project-components, development of drains and providing proper slopes across the proposed Incinerator Facility area. The construction activities of various project components are expected to result in moderate, adverse and permanent impacts on local topography and geology of the project area. It is expected that adequate measures will be undertaken to maintain stability of the prevailing geological structures in the project component areas. Another impact on topography during Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 1

101 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka construction phase will be due to rise in dust levels in the ambient air and surface run-off from unprotected excavated areas Operation Phase Incinerator setup, compressor, PLC, MCC rooms and tank farm will be established for incinerator facility. There can be impact on topography after construction phase of incinerator facility in terms of permanent infrastructure to the landscape. 4.3 Impact On Water Environment Construction Phase The water required for construction purpose is met from existing KIADB source. During construction activity all the equipments washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission, etc Operation Phase Total waste water expected to come to treatment plant shall be 400 KLD (100 KLD non biodegradable [60 existing + 40 proposed] KLD Biodegradable). The proposed plant will not have adverse impact on water environment and proposed project will have zero discharge of waste water and hence the proposed industry will have no effect on water environment. The industrial effluent is about 20 KLD from Scrubber bleed will be generated and the same will be recycled to spray drier and there will be no discharge of process effluent, hence zero discharge will be maintained. Domestic Effluent will be generated around 4KLD and the same is treated through septic tank followed by soak pit. The other wastewater likely to be generated includes washings (due to floor, vehicle, tank washings etc.) and domestic wastewater generated onsite. These sources can also contaminate downstream sources, if discharged untreated and need to be treated at the on-site treatment plant. There will be very low potential of polluted run-off from the site area. Rainwater, which is falling on the site areas will at no time be in contact or pass any hazardous material and would be allowed to go to the storm water tank directly and be used for plant watering. It is expected that due to maximum rainfall high amount of surface run off will be generated which needs to properly collected and discharged subject to prior checking. The project design provides for diversion and storage of this runoff water from contaminated area to a dedicated impermeable quarantined tank and a storm-water pond. The storage of rainwater in the project site may have a negligible impact on the surface water quantity due to rainwater harvesting within the project site for use in greenbelt. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 2

102 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 4.4 Impact on Air Quality Construction Phase The potential fugitive sources of dust emissions are expected from land excavations, road construction and transportation of construction material to the Incinerator facility. Emissions from concrete mixers during construction activities would also pose potential impacts on air quality. Most of the construction dust will be generated from the movement of construction vehicles on unpaved roads. Unloading and removal of soil material shall also act as a potential source for dust nuisance. The control measures proposed to be taken up are given below. 1. The important dust suppression measures proposed will be regular water sprinkling on main haul roads in the project area, this activity will be carried out at least twice a day, if need arises frequency will be increased on windy days, in this way around 50% reduction on the dust contribution from the exposed surface will be achieved. 2. The duration of stockpiling will be as short as possible as most of the material will be used as backfill material for the open cut trenches for road development. 3. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the site of dust generation or all around the project site as barrier for dust control. 4. Plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings, regular watering will be done, so that the area will be moist for most part of the day. 5. To reduce the dust movement from civil construction site to the neighbourhood the external part of the building (administration, canteen, etc) will be covered by plastic sheets Given the implementation of proper control measures for dust suppression, no adverse impacts are expected and compliance with the Ambient Air Quality is achieved at ASR s (Air Pollution Sensitive Receivers) at all time Operation Phase Prediction of Impacts on the Air Environment Prediction of impacts from the proposed project on the ambient air quality was carried out using air quality simulation models. The main sources of air pollution are as follows. The main Point source emissions are from Incinerator, whereas emissions from the DG sets which are very less since they will be operated only during power failures Atmospheric Dispersion of Stack Emissions In order to estimate the ground level concentrations due to the emissions from the proposed project, EPA approved American Meteorological Society/ Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model - AERMOD dispersion Model has been used. AERMOD dispersion Model provides option to model emissions from a wide range of sources that are present at a typical industrial source complex. The model considers the sources and receptors in undulated terrain as well as plain terrain and the combination of both. The basis of the model is the straight line steady state Gaussian Plume Equation, with modifications to model simple point source emissions from stacks, emissions from stack that experience the effect of aerodynamic down wash due to nearby buildings, isolated vents, multiple vents, storage piles etc. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 3

103 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka AERMOD dispersion model with the following options has been used to predict the cumulative ground level concentrations due to the proposed emissions. Area being rural, rural dispersion parameters is considered Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial distance of 10 km around the sources A combination of Cartesian and Polar receptor network has been considered Emission rates from the sources were considered as constant during the entire period The ground level concentrations computed were as is basis without any consideration of decay coefficient Calm winds recorded during the study period were also taken into consideration 24-hour mean meteorological data extracted from the meteorological data collected during the study period as per guidelines of IMD/CPCB has been used to compute the mean ground level concentrations to study the impact on study area Point Sources The point source emissions considered for the proposed project are Incinerator. The DG set will be used only during power failure for emergency requirements. Hence the impacts from the DG set will be felt only during power failure in absence of Power plant. The inputs used to run the model are stack details, emissions details are given in Table and twenty four hours mean meteorological data is given in Table The Predicted maximum Ground level concentration of 24 Hour average PM 10, SO 2 and NO x concentrations considering 24 hour mean meteorological data of study season are superimposed on the maximum baseline concentrations obtained during the study period to estimate the post project scenario, which would prevail at the post operational phase. The overall scenario with predicted concentrations over the maximum baseline concentrations is shown in the following Table and isopleths are shown in the Figure to Details Plant capacity Type of fuel Table Stack Emissions Details Height of the stack (m) 30 Temp of flue gas (k) 433 Internal Dia. of the stack (m) 2.2 Velocity of flue gas (m/s) 18 Incinerator 500 kg/h Flue gas Flow rate (m 3 /s) PM Emissions (g/s) 2.4 SO 2 Emissions (g/s) 9.5 NO x Emissions (g/s) 13.7 Stack Emissions considered SPM (mg/nm3) 50 SO2 (mg/nm3) 200 NOx (mg/nm3) 200 Haz Wastes Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 4

104 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table Hours Mean Meteorological Data for Winter season Avg. Wind Wind Relative Cloud Direction Year Hour Day speed Humidity Temperature Cover m/s Degrees % o C Oktas AERMOD will calculate planetary boundary layer (mixed heights) based on Relative humidity & cloud cover Table Post Project Scenario-Units: μg/m 3 Particulars Particulate Sulphur Oxides of Nitrogen Matter (PM 10 ) dioxide (SO 2 ) (NO X ) Baseline Scenario (Max) Predicted GLC (Max) Overall Scenario (Worst Case) MOEF / CPCB Standards Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 5

105 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of PM (μg/m 3 ) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 6

106 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of SO 2 (μg/m 3 ) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 7

107 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure Predicted 24- Hourly Average GLCs of NOx (μg/m 3 ) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 8

108 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Mitigation Measures The major air pollutants generated from the proposed project are given below. 1 Dust particulates in flue gas from chimney 2 Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) in flue gas 3 Nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in flue gas There are many combinations of treatment units installed for gas cleaning and removal of air pollutants, to comply with the standards. Designed treatment scheme will comprise of following equipment, in combination, with adequate efficiencies to meet the emission standards: Dioxins: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from 500 C to less than 200 C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated carbon etc. Particulate matter: Fine particulates in the flue gases require specific dust separation technologies such as cyclone separators and wet scrubbers. in order to meet flue gas standard. In case of electro static precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric sparks due to the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine dust. Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every chance of these emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and then to mercuric sulphide etc.) SO 2 : Sulphur in the feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which requires control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide injection). HCl & HF: In order to control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in use. Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where necessary de-mister may be provided. Stack height: A Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case. A Stack height requirement based on sulphur dioxide emissions by using the equation stack height = 14 (Q) 0.3 [Where, Q is the emission rate of SO 2 in kg/hr] By using simple Gaussian plume model to maintain ambient air quality requirements for all concerned parameters, in the receiving environment. 4.5 Impact on Noise Quality Construction Phase The following activities during the construction phase have potential to cause impact on noise environment: Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 9

109 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Operation of construction equipment like bulldozers, scrapers, concrete mixers, cranes, generators, pumps, compressors, pneumatic tools, saws, vibrators etc.; and Vehicular movement. It has been observed that construction activities generally lead to higher noise levels if not properly controlled. It is expected that construction activities will involve noise generation above 95 db(a). The major work will be carried out during the day time. The construction equipment may have high noise levels, which can affect the personnel, operating the machines. Use of proper personal protective equipment will mitigate any significant impact of the noise generated by such equipment Operation Phase Impacts to noise quality post construction phase will be mainly due to project related vehicular traffic movement connecting access to various project components and machinery including emergency DG set, incinerator, fans, compressors, blowers, etc. The observed noise level of these machineries in the proposed plant is given below. Diesel Generator db(a) Fans, compressors and blowers db(a) Incinerator db(a) The overall increase in traffic is expected to be due to the proposed project to unload hazardous waste at the site. 4.6 Impact On Traffic Volume Construction Phase It is expected that during construction phase truck trips per day will be added apart from regular traffic to KIADB on NH-4 and NH-207. The slight increase in traffic may pose potential for additional safety risks to other users of the road. The movement of traffic entering the project site needs to be properly managed with least problems to users on these roads Operation Phase It is expected that during operation phase truck trips for carrying hazardous wastes will be added apart from regular traffic to KIADB on NH-4 and NH-207. The slight increase in traffic may pose potential for additional safety risks to other users of the road. Presently, NH-207 has less traffic volume in comparison to NH-4. The road covers traffic specific to these roads. The movement of traffic entering the project site with hazardous waste needs to be properly managed with least problems to users on these roads. 4.7 Impact On Ecology - Flora And Fauna Construction Phase A study was conducted to survey the living natural resources, both flora and fauna in the study area of 10-km centering the proposed incinerator facility. No forestland is involved for the project area. No Biosphere Reserve, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, or Reserve Forest falls within 25 km radius from the site. The nearest National Park -Bannerghata is located to the Southwest at about 60 km from the site. There are a few Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 10

110 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka patches of state forests falling within the study area of 10-km radius from the incinerator facility mainly having eucalyptus plantation. The nearest forest is the Nijagal forest located at about 5 km to the west of the proposed incinerator facility site. This shows the impact on forest cover will be insignificant. No plant species endangered or rare are located within the project site. During construction phase clearance of shrubs/grasses may be done for construction of project components, which would result in potential minor impact on ecology Operation Phase The land use of part of the proposed project area is mainly notified industrial area. There will be no direct impact on wildlife. However, with the development any exposure of open areas of Hazardous waste treated in Incinerator Facility may harm wildlife or birds, thereby requiring proper handling and management of hazardous wastes. 4.8 Impact Due To Solid Waste Generation Construction Phase This category of waste generation in the proposed project is due to different types of raw materials being used during construction stage in general may comprise the following Cement concrete Bricks, tiles, Cement plaster Steel (RCC, door/ window frames, roofing support, railings of staircase etc) Rubble, sand, Stone (Marble, granite, sand stone) Timber/wood Paints/varnishes Besides above there are some major and minor components namely conduits, pipes, electrical fixtures, panels, etc. all the above items will be segregated and stored at the site and once the facility established will be process the same in respective treatment facilities within the site. Mitigation measures: The solid waste generated during this period being predominantly inert in nature. Hence maximum effort would be made to reuse and recycle them. The most of the solid waste material can be used for filing/ levelling of low-laying areas within the site. All attempts should be made to stick to the following measures. 1. All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided so that the waste does not get scattered. 2. Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. 3. Materials, which can be reused for purpose of construction, levelling, making roads/ pavement will also be kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold or land filled. 4. The local body or a private company may be arranged to provide appropriate number of skip containers/ trolleys on hire. The use of the construction material basically depends on their separation and conditions of the separated material. A majority of these materials are durable and therefore, have a high Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 11

111 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka potential for reuse. It would, however, be desirable to have quality standards for the recycled materials. Construction waste can be used in the following manner. 1. Reuse of bricks, tiles, stone slabs, timber, piping railings etc to the extent possible and depending upon their conditions. 2. Sale/ auction of materials which cannot be used at the site due to design constraint 3. Plastics, broken glass, scrap metal etc will be stored and processed within the site premises. 4. Rubble/ brick bats can be used for building activity, such as levelling, under coat of lanes where the traffic does not constitute heavy moving loads. 5. Larger unusable pieces can be sent for filing up low laying areas. 6. Fine material such as sand, dust, etc can be used as cover material 7. The unearthed soil can be used for levelling as well as for lawn development 8. The broken pieces of the flooring material can be used for levelling in the building or can be disposed off 9. The unused or remaining paints/varnishes/wood can either be reused or can be disposed off Operation Phase The ash generated in the incinerator is considered as a hazardous solid waste. The incinerator ash will be collected in specified containers and stored in the predestinated totally enclosed storage yards lined with HDPE and sent to KSPCB authorized agency for disposal. Dried sludge from ETP is burnt in the incinerator or used as manure for greenery development inside the factory premises. Filter cake from MEE will be collected in specified drums and sent to authorized agency for reprocessing and disposal. Spent oil from DG sets & gears will be collected in drums and stored in the specified area and disposed to KSPCB authorized reprocessors. All the hazardous solid wastes generated are properly handled and treated and hence, there is no adverse impact of hazardous solid wastes on soil, air or water environment. 4.9 Impact On Land Use Construction Phase The proposed area for the project which is situated within the Sompura Industrial Area notified by the Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of Karnataka (GoK). The land is barren, therefore there shall be no loss of agricultural productivity. The project doesn t involve displacement of population as the land was not inhabited. The study area of 10Km radius around the proposed industry was studied to get the idea of land use patter in the study area Operation Phase During operation phase, there will be induced change in the landuse due to change in economic conditions of the villages and residential requirements of staff of Incinerator facility in the nearby areas Impact On Socio Economic Conditions There can be infringement due to employment of labour force from adjoining or far away people. People also have expectations regarding employment opportunity, and development Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 12

112 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka of the area. Many people also have concern for negative impacts due to contamination of local environment (in terms of air and water) Impact On Cultural Aspects And Tourism Problems could arise due to differences in customs of outside workers and local residents. These risks could be reduced by providing adequate facilities in workers camps and by employment of preferably local labor. It is expected that many of the labor force will be sourced from local area, a few of them may be sourced from other areas, who may result in differences in customs of people coming from outside. Temples and mosques are located at a minimum distance of 1-km from the site in most different villages with the exception of except a small temple located to the east across the nallah at about 500m. Places of tourist significance are located in Shivagange at about 8 km to the Southwest and at Agalakuppe (ancient temple) about 7 km to the west. The likely impact of the project on cultural and tourism aspects is expected to be insignificant Impact On Health, Sanitation And Aesthetics Impact on health will be primarily due to air pollution i.e. emissions of SPM, NOx & SO2 and noise generation. Adequate air pollution and noise pollution control measures will be provided as per the regulatory standards. Employees working in the plant would be provided as per the regulatory standards. Employee working in the plant would be provided with personnel protective appliances. During construction period, workers will be provided with basic amenities like safe water supply, sanitation facility, first aid, required protective equipment etc. otherwise; there could be an increase in diseases related to personal hygiene. The environmental management and emergency preparedness plans are proposed to ensure that probability of undesired events and consequences are greatly reduced Natural Disasters Earthquakes The risk due to earthquake requires two functions, one characterizing earthquake and the other, the facility s response. For earthquakes, the annual probability for exceeding peak ground acceleration at the particular site is the key parameter. The project area falls within the seismic zone II as per Seismic Zoning Map of India ( ) where reportedly a maximum intensity of 5 has been recorded on the Richter Scale. The area experiences seismically low intensity. However, light to moderate quakes have been experienced in the past. Necessary safety factors to be taken include peak ground acceleration need to be incorporated into designing the foundations/structures for the Incinerator Facility and other buildings meant for handling of HW by considering a worst combination of forces. Thus risk of disturbances due to earthquake at the proposed Incinerator facility are low, but need to be adequately addressed in the design aspects for the facility. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 4. 13

113 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternatives 5.1 Introduction There is a significant amount of large and medium scale industries in Karnataka state. Hazardous waste generated from the industries is stored partly by the industries themselves from which a significant portion of hazardous waste is dumped illegally, it can pose potential threat to environment and human beings by contaminating soil and groundwater. In order to minimize adverse impacts of improper disposal of hazardous wastes, the State Government of Karnataka is keen to scientifically develop incineration plant. 5.2 Technological Aspects Treatment Alternatives The term incinerate means to burn something until nothing is left but ashes. It can be better defined as an engineered process using controlled flame combustion to thermally degrade waste. Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The device is constructed of heavy, well-insulated materials, so that it does not give off extreme amounts of external heat. There are different types of incinerators in use. Some of them are widely used while others are less commonly used. Utilization of these different types of incinerators depends on the factors like: Type of waste that is to be incinerated, economic analysis and finally one important reason is the amount or quantity of waste to be incinerated. Types Rotary Kiln Fluidized Bed Liquid Injection Catalytic Combustion Waste-Gas Flare the proposed incinerator facility has been decided to minimize impacts by accepting only that waste which is meant for scientific storage with least treatment options. The proposed incinerator would cater for the disposal/ destruction of the following incinerable wastes having high calorific value between 3000 to 5500 kcal/kg: Spent Solvents Waste Oils, Oil Emulsions and Oil mixtures Pesticide Wastes Refinery Wastes Pharmaceutical Wastes Phenolic Wastes Grease and Wax Wastes Organic wastes containing halogens, sulphur, phosphorous or nitrogen compounds Solid materials contaminated with oils. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 5. 1

114 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Organics with high calorific value The Incineration system is designed to handle the following wastes from various Industries:- Solids, semi-solid and tarry drummed wastes as made available in packets of definite size and weight Pumpable energetic liquid organic wastes free from suspended solids Pumpable aqueous wastes with limits as to T.D.S. & free from suspended solids SELECTION Based on above all waste requirement disposal, Rotary Kiln Incinerator is the best suitable method. Criteria of selection: Rotary kiln incinerators are quite suitable and are more versatile than all other systems because these units can handle both liquid and solid type wastes. A large interfacial area and good mixing of the solid and gaseous reactants are achieved in these furnaces due to the drum rotation since the solid waste is continuously dropped down through the axially moving gas stream. Solid wastes are usually fed by a conveyor system and the liquid type waste is introduced through nozzles. Can handle liquid, sludge, solid, or gases in very large quantities. Advantages of Incineration The following advantages of incineration of hazardous wastes Ability to handle heterogeneous waste High efficiency due to Vigorous mixing in the bed High retention time Low NO X formation due to Lower operating temperature & Low excess air In bed neutralization possible for removing acid gasses Quick restart due to heat stored in the bed Absence of moving parts hence low maintenance Flexibility to handle diverse fuels Residence time can be adjusted by varying kiln speed Waste feeding without much preparation Waste heat recovery is possible Gas cooling systems can be fixed Well Scrubbing systems can be added Temperature control for constant efficiently Air control for adequate excess air Interlocks for safe operational shut down Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 5. 2

115 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 5.3 Transportation Alternatives Presently, in Karnataka unidentified transporters are operating vehicles, which are not suitably equipped for transport of hazardous wastes. Neither the vehicles nor the drivers are likely to have appropriate safety equipment or knowledge to safely handle the materials transported. The basic guidelines related to transportation vehicles are described in the CPCB document Guidelines for Setting up of Operating Facility: Hazardous Waste Management. In order to have safe and minimized risks due to transportation of hazardous wastes the following alternatives need to be considered to select viable route for the transportation to: Use of specially designed vehicles to minimize risks of spills of hazardous wastes; Avoid routes having sensitive receptors like forests, water bodies, recreational areas; Avoid routes having narrow and unpaved roads; Avoid routes having human settlements and congested areas; Follow up best practices for and applicable legislation in force for safe transportation of hazardous wastes. The proposed hazardous waste transportation route is selected carefully to minimize impacts on receptors in the region and in the entire state. National Highways have been preferably selected for the transportation route. Routes, where national highways are not available state highways have been considered. District and village roads have almost been kept away from the hazardous waste transportation route due to high potential environmental risks involved on receptors. Keeping the above in mind, the hazardous wastes transportation from generation point to the Incinerator Facility, through four national highways running in the State. An intermediate transfer station at Hirehalli has been considered to avoid long routing of small sized vehicles carrying hazardous waste directly to the HW Incinerator facility. Transportation of hazardous waste from different parts of the State to the proposed Incinerator facility near Dobbsapete has been planned through following route: NH-4 connecting Kolar Bangalore Dobbasapete NH-4 connecting Belgam Dharwad - Hubli Haveri Devangere Chitrdurga Tumkur Dobbsapete; NH- 48 connecting Mangalore - Udupui - Bangalore thereby joining NH-4; NH-17 connecting North Canara - Mangalore thereby joining NH-218 which intercepts NH-4 at Hubli; NH-208 connecting Shimoga - Tumkur thereby joining NH-4; NH-63 connecting Belary Hospet on NH63 which joins NH-4 at Chitradurga; Mandy State Highway connecting Bangalore at NH-4; Koppal connecting NH13 or NH-63 thereby joining NH-4; Mysore State Highway connecting Bangalore at NH-4; Raichur State Highways connecting Manvi, Sindhanoor to Kustagi joining NH-13 which connects NH-4 at Chitradurga; Bidar State Highways connecting Gulbarga and Bijapur on NH-13 which joins NH-4 at Chitradurga. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 5. 3

116 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program Environmental monitoring program describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment. Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment. All monitoring strategies and program have reasons and justifications which are often designed to establish the current status of an environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. In all cases the results of monitoring will be reviewed, analyzed statistically and submitted to concerned authorities. The design of a monitoring program must therefore have regard to the final use of the data before monitoring starts. The monitoring program will have three phases 1. Construction phase 2. Monitoring phase 3. Post monitoring phase 6.2 Construction Phase The proposed project envisages setting up of incinerator facility at KIADB, Sompura District, Bangalore, the major construction activities involved in setting up the unit are construction of sheds for treatment units, stores, administrative blocks, canteen etc., major components in the industry are, incinerator, diesel generator, and other civil, mechanical and electrical equipment. The construction activities require clearing of vegetation, mobilisation of construction material and equipment. The construction activities are expected to last for few months. Environmental monitoring to be carried out during the construction phase is given in Table 6.1 Table 6.1 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Site S. Potential Detailed actions to be Parameters for Frequency of No. Impact followed as per EMP Monitoring Monitoring 1. Air Emissions All equipments are operated within specified design parameters. Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible Random checks of Periodic equipment logs/ manuals Vehicle logs Periodic during site clearance & construction Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 1

117 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No. Potential Impact Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP Any dry, dusty materials stored in sealed containers or prevented from blowing. Compaction of soil during various construction activities Maintenance of construction DG set emissions to meet stipulated standards Ambient air quality within the premises & adjacent villages of the proposed unit to be monitored. 2. Noise List of all noise generating machinery onsite along with age to be prepared. Night working is to be minimized. Generation of vehicular noise Implement good working practices (equipment selection and siting) to minimize noise and also reduce its impacts on human health (ear muffs, safe distances, and enclosures). No machinery running when not required. Acoustic mufflers / enclosures to be provided in large engines Noise to be monitored in ambient air within the plant Parameters for Monitoring Stockpiles or open containers of dusty materials. Construction logs Gaseous emissions (SO 2, HC, CO, NO x ) PM 10 PM 2.5, SO 2, NO x, and CO Equipment noise reading logs, Working hour records Maintenance of records of vehicles Site working practices records, noise reading Mufflers / enclosures shall be in place. Instant Noise recording Frequency of Monitoring activities Periodic during construction activities Periodic emission monitoring As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement Regular during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Prior to use of equipment. As per CPCB/SPCB Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 2

118 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No. Potential Impact 3. Wastewater Discharge Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP premises. The Noise level will not exceed the permissible limit both during day and night times. All equipments operated within specified design parameters. Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible No direct discharge of wastewater to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil. The discharge point would be selected properly and sampling and analysis would be undertaken prior to discharge Take care in disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected. 4. Soil Erosion Minimize area extent of site clearance, by staying within the defined boundaries 5. Drainage and effluent Management Protect topsoil stockpile Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. The design to incorporate Parameters for Monitoring Random checks of equipment logs/ manuals Vehicle logs No discharge hoses shall be in vicinity of watercourses. Discharge norms for effluents as given in Permits Discharge norms for effluents as given in permits Site boundaries not extended / breached as per plan document. Effective cover in place. Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof Frequency of Monitoring requirement Periodic during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 3

119 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No. Potential Impact 6. Waste Management 7. Non-routine events and accidental releases Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same. Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising. Plan will be drawn, considering likely emergencies and steps required to prevent / limit consequences. 8. Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups 6.3 Operation Phase Parameters for Monitoring Comprehensive Waste Management Plan should be in place and available for inspection onsite. Compliance with MSW Rules, 1998 and Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling Rules), 2003 Mock drills and records of the same All relevant parameters including HIV Frequency of Monitoring Periodic check during construction activities Periodic during construction activities Regular checkups as per Factories Act During operational stage period air emissions from incinerator, power plant, DG set, landfill if any, wastewater characteristics, ash generation quantity, etc. are monitored. The following attributes which merit regular monitoring based on the environmental setting and nature of project activities are listed below: Point Source emissions and ambient air quality in nearby villages; Groundwater Levels and ground water quality; Water & wastewater quality & quantity; Solid waste characterisation (Ash, leachate treatment plant & Septic tank/soak pit sludge); Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 4

120 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Soil quality; Noise levels (equipment and machinery noise levels, occupational exposures and ambient noise levels); and Ecological preservation and afforestation. S. Potential No Impact 1. Air Emissions Table 6.2 Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase Action to be Parameters for Frequency of Followed Monitoring Monitoring Stack emissions from Temperature, Pressure, Continuous Incinerator CO2, CO, Excess Monitoring Oxygen, Particulates, HCl, SO 2, NOx, HF, TOC Once in Month Gas quality from landfill areas Stack emissions from Power plant and DG sets AAQ within the project premises and adjacent areas (3 places at 120º) to be monitored. All vehicles to be PUC certificate. Mercury, Heavy metals, Twice in a year dioxins & furans, VOC, H2S, Methane As per CFE conditions As per CFE conditions PM, SO 2, NOx As per CFE conditions / NAAQ Standards Vehicle logs to be maintained Meteorological data Wind speed, direction, temp., relative humidity and rainfall. 2. Noise Noise generated from operation of boiler, cooling towers, etc to be monitored Spot Noise Level recording; As per CFE conditions As per CFE conditions Periodic during operation phase Once in month by third party Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 5

121 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No Potential Impact 3. Wastewater Discharge (leachate) 4. Solid waste/ Haz. Waste 5. Ground Water Quality 6. Flora and fauna Action to be Followed Compliance to wastewater discharge standards Check compliance to HWM rules Monitoring ground water quality, around plant site and piezometers Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development 7. Soil quality Checking & Maintenance of good soil quality around 8. Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups Parameters for Monitoring ph, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD & Oil& grease (Heavy metals if required) Quality & quantity monitoring Comprehensive monitoring as per IS Groundwater level BGL No. of plants, species Physico-chemical parameters and metals. All relevant parameters (BP, Sugar, chest X-ray, Eye vision, etc.) Frequency of Monitoring Daily at regular intervals Once in a month by third party Periodically / CPCB norms. Periodically & as per CPCB norms. Once a year Once a year Regular checkups as per factories act. 6.4 Environmental Laboratory Equipment The proposed project will have an in-house environmental laboratory for the routine monitoring of Air, Water, Soil, Meteorology and Noise. For all non-routine analysis, the plant will utilize the services of external recognized laboratories and facilities. The procedures given in IS standards or CPCB approved methods will be followed of analysis and sampling of various environmental parameters. The list of laboratory equipment need for the environmental monitoring is given in Table 6.3 below. Table 6.3 Equipment Needed for Environmental Monitoring No of Name of the Equipment Instruments Weather Station, which can record wind speed, wind direction 1 Temperature, Relative Humidity (Automatic or manual) Respirable Dust samplers 3 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 6

122 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Name of the Equipment No of Instruments Fine Dust samplers 3 Portable Flue Gas Combustion Analyser 1 Portable Noise level meter (Dosimeter) 1 Portable Wastewater Analysis Kit 1 BOD Incubator 1 COD Digester with colorimeter 2 Electronic Balance 1 Spectrophotometer 1 Hot Air Oven 1 Laboratory Water Distillation and demineralization unit 2 Online monitoring of Incinerator 1 General glass ware and laboratory chemicals, etc MoEF approved parties will be monitoring at regular intervals Environmental Management Cell An efficient environmental management cell headed by a Project Incharge/head having a minimum of 5 to 10 years of experience will be formed. The project Incharge /head will be supported by team of members (managers, operators, chemists, technicians, etc.) having minimum of 2 to 3 years experience in their respective fields of work. The organizational setup of the environmental management cell is given below in Figure 6.1. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 7

123 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure 6.1 Organization setup of Environmental Management Plant In charge / Head Technical head Laboratory Head Liasoning Head Horticulturist Technicians Chemists Support staff Gardeners Operators Helpers The environmental cell will be a nodal agency to co-ordinate and provides necessary services on environmental issues during operation and post operation of the project. This environmental group will be responsible for implementation of environmental management plan, interaction with the environmental regulatory agencies, reviewing draft policy and planning. This department will interact with State Pollution Control Board (SPCB), other environment regulatory agencies and all member industries. The department will also interact with local people to understand their problems and to formulate appropriate community development plans. 6.6 Pollution Monitoring Facilities Incinerator stack, Power plant and DG set stack should have provision of platform and port hold to stack sampling meeting MOEF standards with necessary power point. Environmental laboratory shall have above equipment/instruments to analyze air and wastewater parameters Reporting Schedules of the Monitoring Data It is proposed that voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to the EMP should be undertaken. The environmental monitoring cell shall co-ordinate all monitoring program at site and data thus generated shall be regularly furnished to the State regulatory agencies. The frequency of reporting shall be on six monthly bases to the local state PCB officials and to Regional office of MoEF. The Environmental Audit reports shall be Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 8

124 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka prepared for the entire year of operations and shall be regularly submitted to regulatory authorities Public Health Monitoring The value of Public Health studies in seeking to establish whether or not a site or facility has caused significant adverse health effects is well known. In this situation the results form a public health study may not fulfill the primary objective of such a program, which is to detect health changes before the manifestation of adverse health effects. However, three-stage health-monitoring program is proposed. Monitor the health of workers within the project site to identify adverse health effects, and Periodically obtain feedback from local doctors regarding any potential indicators of adverse health effects due to environmental cause in the communities surrounding, and particularly down-stream of the landfill. By organizing health camps on a regular basis. 6.7 Budgetary provision for EMP In order to comply with the environmental protection measures as suggested in the above sections, the project management has made budgetary provision for environmental protection and safety measures. Cost towards environmental mitigation measures are given in Table 6.4. Table 6.4 Budget for Monitoring S.No Item Amount, Rs in lakhs Procurement schedule A Capital investment Laboratory facilities 4.0 During project implementation phase Weather monitoring facilities 4.0 During project B Maintenance Cost Monitoring of water, wastewater, soil, solid waste Ambient air and stack emission monitoring implementation phase 8.0 During plant operation phase 6.0 During plant operation phase Total 22.0 Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 6. 9

125 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 7 Additional Studies 7.1. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may lead to emergency consequences (disasters) affecting the public safety and health. Based on this information, an emergency preparedness plan is to be prepared to mitigate the consequences. The approach involves hazards identification, hazards assessment and evaluation, developing Disaster Management Plan (DMP) Risk Analysis Risk analysis includes an estimate of the probability or likelihood that an event will occur. Estimation of random incidents totally uncorrected with plant activities may also be taken. Risk can be characterized in qualitative terms as high medium or low, or in quantitative terms using numerical estimates and statistical calculations. For practical purposes a risk analysis may be based on a subjective, common- sense evaluation. Both probability and consequences are extremely important in evaluating risk. A high risk situation can be the result of a high probability with severe consequences (e.g. irreversible health effects or death due to an airborne toxic dust, a fire or explosion with injuries or fatalities), whereas moderate risk situations can be a result of either high probability with mild consequences or low probability with more severe consequences. Diminishing the likelihood of an accident or minimizing the consequences will reduce risk overall. A relative ranking of hazards requires extensive mathematical evaluations, application of statistics and extensive support from experts. Application of readily available information and common sense when combined with site-specific evaluations such as the vulnerability analysis, will complete much of the risk analysis process Evaluating Hazards The need for the sophisticated techniques for evaluating hazards depends on the result of Preliminary Hazard Analysis. Various techniques for evaluation hazards are: Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) Accident Consequence Analysis Event Tree Analysis Fault Tree Analysis Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis. In order to be in a state of readiness to face the adverse effects of accidents, an Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) has to be prepared. Such a plan must. Inter-alia, cover the possible hazardous situations in the locality and the causes, areas most likely to be affected, on-site and off-site plans, establishment of Emergency Control Centers (ECC), location of emergency services and duties of officers/staff during emergency. The EPP document for accidents is to be designed to provide for measures to contain the incident and for minimization of effects due to fire, explosives, release or escape of toxic gas, spillage of hazardous substances in storage, processing or during transportation. The necessary preventive and protective steps required to be taken before, during and after an accident need to be worked out in operational terms and detailed in the document. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 1

126 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 7.2 Identification of Major Hazard Installations Based On GOI Rules, 1989 as amended in 1994 & 2000 By Studying accidents occurred in industries in India over a few decades, a specific legislation covering major hazard activities has been enforced by Government of India in 1989 in conjunction with Environment Protection Act, This is referred here as GOI rules For the purpose of identifying major hazard installations the rules employ certain criteria based on toxic, flammable and explosive properties of chemicals Identification of Toxic, Flammable, Explosive Chemicals Toxic Chemicals: Chemicals having the following values of acute toxicity and which owing to their physical and chemical properties are capable of producing major accidents: S.No Toxicity Oral toxicity LD50(mg/kg) Dermal toxicity LD50(mg/kg) Inhalation toxicity LC50(mg/l) 1. Extremely toxic Highly toxic Flammable Chemicals: Flammable gases: Gases which at 20 0 C and at standard pressure of KPa are:- Ignitable when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air, or Have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammable limits. Note: - The flammability shall be determined by tests or by calculation in accordance with methods adopted by International Standards Organization ISO Number10156 of 1990 or by Bureau of Indian Standards ISI Number 1446 of Extremely flammable liquids: chemicals which have flash point lower than or equal to 23 0 C and boiling point less than 35 0 C Very highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 23 0 C and initial boiling point higher than 35 0 C. Highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 60 0 C but higher than 23 0 C. Flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point higher than 60 o C but lower than 90 0 C. Explosives: Explosives means a solid or liquid or pyrotechnic substance (or a mixture of substances) or an article. Which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings; Which is designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as a result of non-detonative self sustaining exothermic chemical reaction? Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 2

127 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Applicability of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 & subsequent amendments A systematic analysis of the chemicals and their quantities of storage has been carried out to determine threshold quantities as notified by GOI Rules, 1989 and the applicable rules are identified. The results are summarized in Table Table 7.2,1 Description of applicable provisions of GOI rules 1989 as amended in 1994 & 2000 Applicable Description rules 4 Identify Major accident Take adequate steps to prevent major accidents Provide information to persons working onsite Impart training, provide equipment and antidotes 5 Notification of major accidents to concerned authority If any major accident occurs, occupier to inform Concerned authority as listed in SC-5 and submit report as per the format in SC-6 (applies after commencing of the activity) 7 Notification of site to competent authority 8 Updating of site notification following changes in threshold quantity 9 Transitional provision for the existing activity 10 Preparation of safety reports for commencement of activity 11 Updating of safety reports based on modification 12 Provision of further information on safety reports to the authority 13 Preparation of onsite emergency plan by the occupier 14 Preparation of offsite emergency plan by the occupier 15 Information to be given to persons liable to be effected by a major accident 17 Collection, development and dissemination of information on hazardous chemicals employed by the occupier Occupier shall develop information in the form of safety data sheet as specified in SC-9. Every container of the hazardous chemical should be labeled with name of the manufacturer or importer of the hazardous chemical Storage facilities of hazardous chemicals The storage capacities / details of the major hazardous chemicals proposed to be used in the project are given in Table Table Details of Chemicals and Applicability of GOI rules Solvent Storage Type Storage capacity (Tons) Listed Scheduled inthreshold Quantity (Tons) for Application of Rules 5,7-9, Diesel Tankers 60 Sch 3 (part II) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 3

128 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka From the above table it can be inferred that there would be no major Hazardous chemical stored at the proposed plant, which would attract the GOI rules 4 5,7-9 and 13-15, as the quantity likely to be stored at site lies below the stipulated threshold quantities Nature Of Possible Hazards There can be three kinds of major hazards Leakage of Solvents tanks leading to pool Fire Explosion and Fire hazard Spontaneous ignition Explosion and Fire hazard Electrical Hazards like flashover and short circuits Maximum credible accident analysis for diesel storage area Identification of causes and types of hazards is the primary task for planning for risk assessment. Hazard can happen because of the nature of chemicals handled and also the nature of process involved. So for risk analysis first step is to identify the hazardous chemicals which are to be studied for risk analysis. Identification of Hazardous Chemicals is done in accordance with The Manufacture, Storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, Schedule 1, of the Rule provides a list of the Toxic and Hazardous chemicals and the flammable chemicals. It defines the flammable chemicals based on the flash point and boiling point. "Major accident hazards (MAH) installations" is defined as the isolated storage and industrial activity at a site handling (including transport through carrier or pipeline) of hazardous chemicals equal to or, in excess of the threshold quantities specified in Column 3 of Schedule 2 and 3 respectively Schedule 3 has classified hazardous substances in an operating plant into 5 groups and has provided the threshold quantities for application of above rules. Group1 & 2 Toxic substances Group 3 Highly reactive substances Group 4 Explosive substance Group 5 Flammable substances The following Table shows the list of major chemicals which have been identified as hazardous chemicals in The Manufacture, Storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 and which are to be considered as Major accident hazards (MAH) installations. 60 KL/month of disel fuel is expected to be consumed at incinerator site. Table Hazardous Chemicals at site S. Chemical Use Nature of No Chemical (Schedule 1 & 3) 1 Diesel Supporting Highly fuel for Flammable Vehicles Type of Storage Threshold Storage & Quantity quantity No s for MAH Horizontal & 60 KL 2500 tonnes 2 No (each 30 KL) Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 4

129 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Nature of Hazard from Oil Storage: Diesel is a petroleum product. It is a highly flammable liquid having flash point between C. However its auto ignition temperature is C. Its boiling point ranges between C. Furnace Oil is of similar characteristics having flash point above 66 0 C. Major Hazards from oil storage can be fire. Maximum credible accidents from oil storage tank can be a) Tank Fire b) Pool / Dyke fire. Tank Fire Oil is stored in tank. Leak in rim seal leading to accumulation of vapour is a source of fire. Lighting can be a source of ignition and can cause tank fire. Overflow from tank leading to spillage may cause vapour cloud formation. This can catch fire and it can flash back to the tank to cause tank fire. Pool / Dyke Fire If there is outflow from the tank due to any leakage from tank or any failure of connecting pipes or valves, oil will flow outside and form a pool. Where the tank is surrounded by a dyke, the pool of oil will be restricted within that dyke. After sometime, the vapour from the pool can catch fire and can cause pool or dyke fire. Heat Radiation and Thermal Damage Criteria The level of damage caused by heat radiation due to fire is a function of duration of exposure as well as heat flux (i.e. radiation energy onto the object of concern). This is true both for the effect on building and plant equipment and for the effect on personnel. However the variation of likely exposures times is more marked with personnel, due to possibility of finding shelter coupled with protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body). Further, it is assumed that everyone inside the area by the pool fire will be burned to death (100% lethality) or will asphyxiate. Radiation at various heat flux levels which are critical in risk analysis, are given in the Table Table Effect of Heat Radiation Exposure Time in seconds for % Fatality Radiation Level (Kw/m 2 ) 1% 50% 99% The damage and fatality (percentage of the exposed people to be killed) due to the exposure time is very important in determining the degree of fatality and corresponding effect distance. It is observed that the exposed persons normally find shelter or protection from the heat radiation (e.g. against a wall) within 10 seconds. However, exposure time of 30 seconds is normally assumed for pessimistic calculation which applies if people do not run away immediately or when no protection is available. The variation of the effects on humans due to heat flux and duration of exposure have been developed in the form of a Probit Equation which gives following values for human fatality levels in Table Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 5

130 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table Heat Radiation and Fatality S. No Heat Radiation Effect Kw/m 2 Damage to equipment Kw/m 2 Limit for Class 1 building materials Kw/m 2 Melting plastic Kw/m 2 Blistering Kw/m 2 Severe hot feeling SCENARIO (POOL FIRE): HSD Storage Tank Scenario : Pool Fire Input Data Results of computation Spilled Quantity 10KL Flame centre height 29 m Pool Diameter 17 m Mass burning rate liquid 1180 kg/min Wind Speed 3 m/s Total Amount burned 6986 kg Heat Radiation at ground level KW/m2 Isopleth distance (m) Damage to Equipment Damage to people Damage to process 100% lethality in 1 min. equipment 1% lethality in 10 sec. Minimum energy required 50% lethality in 1 min. to ignite wood at Significant injury in 10 sec. indefinitely long exposure without flame Minimum energy to ignite 1% lethality in 1 min with a flame Causes pain if duration is longer than 20 Sec, however blistering is unlikely (Ist degree burns) Causes no discomfort on long exposure 7.3 On-Site Emergency Plan An on-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in plant it self and the effects are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the factory. On-site emergency plan to deal with such eventualities is the responsibility of the occupier and is mandatory. An on-site emergency plan should contain the following key elements: basis of the plan: Hazard analysis accident prevention procedure/measures; accident/emergency response procedure/measures and Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 6

131 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka recovery procedure Elements of Planning The charts and maps should highlight the accident-prone areas of the industry so that in case of an emergency. It provides a basis for taking any action Emergency Personnel s Responsibility During Normal Office Hours Site Controller: The General Manager (however called) or his nominated deputy will assume overall responsibility for the plant / storage site and its personnel. His duties will be to: Assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if staff needs to be evacuated from their assembly points to identify safer places; Exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected; Undertake a continuous review of possible developments and assess in consultation with key personnel as to whether shutting down of the plant or any section of the plant and evacuation of personnel are required; Liaise with senior officials of Police, Fire Bridge, Medical and Factories Inspectorate and provide advice on possible effects on areas outside the factory premises: Look after rehabilitation of affected persons on discontinuation of emergency; Issues authorized statements to news media, and ensure that evidence is preserved for enquiries to be conducted by the statutory authorities. Fire & Security Officer: The Chief Fire and Security Officer will be responsible for fire fighting. On hearing the fire alarm he shall reach the fire station immediately and advise fire and security staff in the factory of the incident zone and cancel the alarm. He will also announce on PAS or convey through telephones or messengers or canteens to the Communication Officer, Incident Controller and Site Controller about the incident zone. He will open the gates nearest to the incident and stand by to direct the emergency services. Telephone Operator: On hearing the emergency alarm, he will immediately contact Site Controller and on his advice call the local fire-bridge or mutual-aid scheme members. In case the PAS internal/external telephone system becomes inoperative, he shall inform the Communication Officer through a messenger. In case fire has been detected and the alarm is not in operation, he shall receive information about location from the person who detected the fire and thereafter immediately consult the Incident Controller and make announcement on PAS or telephone telling the staff about location of the incident and to evacuate to their assembly points. He will continue to operate the switch board advising the callers that the staffs is not available and pass all calls connected with the incident to the Communication. Departmental Heads: The Departmental Heads will report to Incident Controller and provide assistance as required. They will decide the staff they require at the incident site. Fire Pump Attendant: Two persons identified in each shift will work as fire pump attendants. On hearing the fire alarm, they will immediately proceed to pump house to ensure that pumps are operating and stand by to maintain them. At the end of emergency, they will be relieved of their duty by the Fire and Security Officers. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 7

132 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 7.4 Infrastructure Emergency Control Room- Emergency Control Room is to be set up and marked on the site plan. The Control Room will be the focal point case of an emergency from where the operations to handle the emergency are directed and coordinated. It will control site activities and should be furnished with external and internal telephone connections, list of essential telephone numbers, list of key persons and their addresses. Assembly Points- Assembly points are to be set up farthest from the location of likely hazardous events where pre-designated persons from the works, contractors and visitors would assemble in case of emergency. Up-to-date list of pre-designated employees of various departments (shift-wise) must be available at these points so that roll call could be taken. Predesignated persons would take charge of these points and mark presence as the people come into it Operational Systems During Emergency Communication System There are different types of alarms to differentiate one type of an emergency from other as described below: Fire or Gas Emergency/Evacuation Normal Fire Siren High-pitched wailing Siren Alarms should be followed by an announcement over Public Address System (PAS). In case of failure of alarm system, communication should be by telephone operator who will make announcement in industrial complex through Public Address System which should be installed. If everything fails, a messenger could be used for sending the information Warning System & Control The Control Centers should be located at an area of the minimum risk or vulnerability in the premises concerned, taking into account the wind direction, areas which might be affected by fire/explosion, toxic releases, etc. For promptness and efficiency, the factory premises/storage sites may be divided into X number of zones, which should be clearly marked on the site plan. Emergency Services - Under this, each factory should describe the facilities of fire-fighting, first-aid and rescue. Alternate sources of power supply for operating fire pumps, communication with local bodies, fire brigade, etc. Should also be clearly indicated. An adequate number of external and internal telephone connections should be installed. A plan or plans of the works to illustratea. Areas with large inventories of hazardous material. b. Sources of safety equipment. c. Fire-hydrant system and alternate supply sources. d. Stock of other fire-fighting materials. e. Assembly points, first-aid centers. f. Surrounding habitation within 1/ 2 km distance. g. Availability of first-aid equipment. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 8

133 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Mutual Aid It is essential to have mutual aid arrangements as it is useful in cases of major fire and other emergencies. Mutual aid arrangements are to be worked out in the plan to facilitate additional help in say, fire-fighting or medical attention which might be beyond the capacity of an individual factory/unit. To make the mutual aid plan a success, the following are considered essential: Written procedure which spells out how call for help will be made and how it will be responded. The type of equipment which would be used and procedure for making replacement. A quick hot-line method of communication. A brief mention of the type of hazard in each plant and fire-fighting measures. Orientation and joint training program for staff. Joint inspections and drills. 7.6 Disaster Management In spite of various hazard control procedures practiced at the plant, there still is possibility for certain hazards to blow up into disasters. Plant management will be equipped to handle such disasters or emergencies. A comprehensive disaster or emergency management plan with an objective to minimize exposure of people and maximize the speed of corrective action is required for any industry. Potential for hazards due to fire, explosion is significant in the proposed project. Objectives: Assessing the dangers, this could arise on and off site as a result of foreseen emergencies & the effects that could be on the environment. Training of individual personnel, with duties under the plans will familiarize the onsite personnel with their roles, their equipment and details of the plans. Emergency plans should be based on the specific needs of each particular site for dealing with those emergencies, which may arise. These plans should be tested when first devised and thereafter to be rehearsed at suitable intervals. Assessing the causes, which lead to disaster? E.g., fires, spillages, release of toxic and corrosive materials etc. consequences of which should be assessed. Safeguarding employees, & minimizing damage to property & environment. Mitigation of the risks involved by pre-planned remedial & rescue measures using when necessary, the combined resources of the organization concerned and the public emergency services. Risk assessment of the unit has to be carried out for the preparation of the emergency planning. Following are the precautions to avoid the risk involved and the emergency control measures to be taken for handling any incident, which can take place inspite of taking all precautions. Adequate ventilation systems for fumes, smokes and dust will be provided. Exit signs will be clearly displayed to facilitate easy and quick evacuation of personnel during emergencies. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 9

134 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Danger signs will be prominently displayed near electrical installations and other potential hazards. Plant layout showing entry and exit points, fire hydrants, fire extinguisher, electrical and other hazardous installation etc. will be displayed prominently at several locations within the plant to enable personnel to effectively combat emergencies Waste Spillage Control Plan Wastes handled at the site are municipal solid waste material; with limited potential to cause problems. These will be handled under controlled conditions within the site. The most likely emergency foreseen is a major vehicle accident and spillage of solid waste from the trucks. This would require the vehicle to be unloaded into the temporary storage area so that treatment can be carried out and the vehicle cleaned and repaired before leaving the facility. Other emergencies are likely to be industrial accidents associated with the improper use of on site plant and equipment. These will be avoided to the greatest extent possible by workforce training and management supervision. In addition to these most probable events, other emergencies like fire, explosion and similar emergencies are also possible but unlikely on-site during operations Safety Measures during Power Failure In case supply fails due to internal problem or due to fault in supply line then: At first the MOCB is tripped and the fault is detected. The electrician is provided with hand gloves, goggles, safety apron etc. The General Manager (Works) is informed about the rectification & the line is switched on. Following are the safety equipments provided in the control room for any emergency: i. First Aid Box. ii. Artificial respiration chart iii. Discharge rod. iv. Hand gloves v. Asbestos apron vi. Goggles vii. Fire extinguishers and sand buckets Risk & Disaster Handling Procedures The range of services to be provided and their envisaged duties are indicated below: Plant start ups and emergency shut downs Every operating person will be properly trained and proper instructions written down on strategic locations to ensure that plant start up/ shut down is as per procedures. As a policy, the management will entrust definite assignment of responsibility on specific functions to various departmental heads and co-ordination by one individual as chain of command who will be available round the clock either in the industry on duty or available on phone, with proper communication facility to reach the site in minimum time. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 10

135 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Medical services details of names of Doctors and hospitals with first aid services & other medical facilities with telephone numbers will be provided. Fire protection facility full fledged fire fighting facilities in the factory and the crew will be readily available handy at all times. In order to keep employees abreast with fire fighting in the event of actual fire, the employees will be trained by mock fire exercises periodically. All control instruments will be maintained in up to date conditions. Safety values and rupture discs, alarms and level indicators will be checked by dummy trails. Arrangement for emergency power and water supply will be kept ready at all times. Before supervisors and workers are designed to work, they will be trained in operations and provided with literature about correct handling, possible hazards and protective equipment. They shall be trained in safety procedures and be examined that they have absorbed this knowledge. Persons with a habit of adopting shortcuts or who are complacent must be disqualified. Emergency procedures shall be written down and made known to each person concerned. Escape routes shall be properly marked. Information will be provided through alarms, siren with proper coding, and public address systems. Monitoring of accidents, their causes and other relevant data will be recorded as per MoEF guidelines. The management will take necessary steps, which include details of the accidents reporting to State Pollution Control Board and Inspector of Factories. Information on off site emergency plan will be furnished to the Chief Inspector of Factories for possible emergency First Aid Measures Following are the first aid measures, which would be taken before the personnel taken to the hospital. In case of contact with skin, remove the contaminated clothes, wash with plenty of water and report for medical treatment. In case of exposure to eyes flush thoroughly with large quantities of water from the tap, spray or by inserting the head in a water container and repeatedly opening and closing of the eyes for at least 10 minutes. In case of inhalation, move the affected person immediately to uncontaminated place, loosen his clothing and make him to lie down in face down position and observe breathing. If breathing stops, apply artificial respiration and do not attempt to give anything orally to patient if he is unconscious. An Emergency control centre will be established and equipped with adequate means of communication to areas inside and outside the works. This centre will have the relevant data and equipment which will assist those manning at the centre to be well aware of the developing situation and plan accordingly. The Emergency Control Centre will be equipped with the following data / information: Safety data pertaining to the hazardous materials likely to cause emergency. Procedure of major and special fire fighting, rescue operations, first aid, artificial respiration system, etc. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 11

136 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Emergency call out list of persons drafted for emergency control i.e. key personnel and notified team members, security, police and state authorities. Following are the some of the facilities proposed at the Emergency Control Centre: Intercoms P & T Telephone Telex & Fax facilities Plant area map big size District telephone directory Emergency lights Wind direction and speed indicator On site emergency plan manuals Safety & chemical goggles Helmets, Blankets, First aid box, etc The above items shall be inspected and ensured serviceable by the concerned shift In charge of the location on regular intervals. Replacement of the above equipment if any damage is found shall be ensured by the shift In charge and simultaneously put into records Assembly Point In emergency it is almost certain to evacuate affected persons for inside the factory to a safer place. It is also essential to evacuate non-essential workers to streamline emergency action plan activities and ensuring safety. The evacuation will be effected after getting information from the works incident controller soon after emergency arises. On evacuation, all works staff and employees than notified members shall be assembled at the assembly point for receiving further information, etc. A suitable location will be identified as the assembly point at the plant gate. A second alternate Assembly point will be identified in case the first identified location is not accessible due any reason. A non essential work staff and employees shall not leave the assembly point unless and until asked for by the competent authority Fire Prevention Facilities The unit will be provided with appropriate fire fighting equipment including pumps for emergency requirement. Any one or combination of the following system will protect all yards and plant. Hydrant system High velocity and Medium velocity sprinkler system. Water spray (Mulsifier System) Foam system. The system will be designed as per the recommendations of Tariff Advisory Committee of Insurance Association of India. Applicable codes and standards of National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA), USA, would also be followed. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 12

137 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Hydrant system consisting of a ring header, hydrants and hose stations will provide general plant protection. The fuel unloading area, DM plant area, cooling tower area and boiler area will be protected from fire hazard through fire hydrant system. Two Nos. of firewater pumps are envisaged, which will be installed in the pump house. One Centrifugal pump driven by electrical motor is provided for high velocity sprinkler system. One jockey pump along with hydropneumatic tank will also be installed to maintain pressure in the fire hydrant lines. In addition to above, adequate number of portable fire extinguishers will be installed at strategic locations throughout the plant. High velocity water spray system is proposed for the generator transformers and station transformers. Water supply for this system will be tapped off from dedicated high velocity sprinkler system with separate pumps. A fire alarm system would provide visual and audible alarms for fire detection at the incipient stage. The system would comprise manual call points located at strategic locations in areas which are normally manned, and automatic smoke & heat detectors located at important points such as cable vaults, control rooms, switchgear rooms etc. to detect fire at an early stage and provide visual and audible alarm. 7.7 Emergency Plan during Transportation of Waste Material An offsite emergency arises only if there is a failure or delay in implementation of an onsite emergency plan or due to a road accident to a vehicle carrying the hazardous waste material outside the activity site. Since the quantity of the material and the hazardous nature of the material transported is not very high the chances of a huge spread of toxic gas or other losses is expected to be very low and is well within the control limits of the driver and the cleaner of the truck carrying the material. Even the estimated loss is low the preparedness and the knowledge to implement the control measures in the event of any accident happening will further minimize the probable losses. Some of the onsite emergencies such as an explosion or a major fire in storage site can also turn as off site emergency if there is failure of tackling such emergency. The emergency plan during transportation of material is given in Table Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 13

138 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table Emergency plan during transport of material S.No Type of emergency Preventive and control measures 1 Spillage of waste during transport environment damage. 2 Collision with other vehicle, pedestrians, trees or objects at the side of the road and injury to persons / damage to vehicle due to accident. 1. Check and repair the containers before sending to the generators site 2. Train driver and the cleaner to seal the container doors properly before lifting the container on the truck 3. Cover with tarpaulin to prevent flying dust 4. Fill container up to about 80% 5. Ensure the spill kit and PPE is available in the truck for use in case of emergency. 6. Train driver and cleaner on spill clean up procedure. 1. Use only drivers who have the valid license and trained in hazardous waste transport. 2. Ensure vehicle is maintained well and certified before the vehicle is send out of the gate. 3. Ensure valid insurance is available for the vehicle. 4. Maintain first aid box with content in the vehicle. 5. Maintain Phone No s of authorized hospitals, specialist doctors, police station, and the fire station in the vehicle also paint the paint the phone No of the unit on the vehicle. 6. Inform authorized hospital over phone. 7. Ensure first aid is given to the injured quickly and is taken to the nearby hospital for necessary treatment. 8. Report the matter to nearby police station and company authorities. 9. The one who receive the communication regarding the accident has to immediately inform the site in-charge or his deputy in the absence of site in-charge. 10. Based on the seriousness the site incharge will send the unit Personnel manager and the site transport in-charge to the accident site without delay. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 14

139 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 3 Toppling of truck and spillage of waste. 11. Take care of the injured and follow up off treatment requirement will be dealt by the unit personnel manager. 12. The transport in-charge and the personnel manager will deal with the police department for the release of driver and the vehicle. 1. Use only qualified drivers. 2. Keep updated vehicle insurance. 3. Carry the MSDS issued by the waste Generator 4. Barricade the area till the resumption of Normalcy. 5. Contain and lean the spillage using the Spill kit. 6. Report to company official and inform pollution board officials. 7. Complete rescue work of the truck. 7.8 Services Support System Relief to the Victims Post emergency activities include the relief to the victims. The Public Liability Insurance Act(PLI Act), 1991 provides for the owner who has control over handling hazardous substances to pay specified amount of money to the victims as interim relief by taking insurance policy for this purpose. The District Collector has definite role in implementation of the PLI act, After proper assessment of the incident, he may invite applications for relief, conduct an enquiry into the claims and arrange payment of the relief amount to the victims Checklist for Capability Assessment The checklist will help in assessing the preparedness, prevention and response resources capabilities. The points included in the checklist are only indicative and the planner should closely examine the local requirements while preparing the checklist. 7.9 Testing and Updating Of the On-Site/Off-Site Emergency Plan An emergency response plan both on-site/off-site is required to be tested for its validity, refinement and updating. The plan should also be evaluated to ensure its efficiency during emergency Testing of the Plan Objectives for testing the plan are given below: To familiarise emergency response personnel with their roles and duties to be performed. To ensure efficacy of the emergency response mechanism. To check coordination of reactions and response of emergency services. To gain experience and confidence. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 15

140 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Types of Exercises to Be Performed A full scale mock-drill exercise should be conducted both by the individual industry as well as the District authorities to handle the situation efficiently. A functional exercise is required to assess the capability of individual or multiple activities. Frequent meetings/discussions are required among the representatives of the industries, various departments and district authorities to discuss the plan and remove confusion, if any Responsibility, Frequency and Procedure for Evaluation The Site Controller/Incident Controller is responsible for evaluating the effectiveness of the on-site emergency plan in an industry. Collector/ District Magistrate is responsible to evaluate the effectiveness of the off-site plan both for industrial and transportation accidents, Each industry should conduct the on-site emergency mock-drill at an interval of six months. The District authority may carry out the off-site drill yearly. Experts from the relevant fields and the representatives from the public should be invited to observe the mock drill in order to know their response and opinion. The recommendations following the discussions will help to identify the loopholes in the plan and response capability of the organisation. Such periodic recommendations of the mock drill should be kept in order to update the plan. The Site Controller/Incident Controller in an industry should be responsible to update their on-site emergency plan regularly. The District authority should designate an officer to ensure that the plan is updated regularly to disseminate the information of changes to all plan holders. A regular review of plan, at least once in a year, should be carried out to replace outdated information or to incorporate the results of mock-drills. The data processing unit of the Control Room should be updated regularly as above and data be readjusted/modified as necessary Accident Reporting According to Hazardous Chemicals (Management & Handling) Rules of 1989 and its subsequent amendments promulgated by the Government of India, it is mandatory for the management to: Identify major accidents and hazards and outline steps to be taken to prevent such accidents. Notify state pollution control board and the inspectorate of factories in the event of any accident. Submit a safety report to state pollution control board and inspectorate of factories at least three months before the commencement of commercial production. Protocol for accident reporting will be adopted to ensure compliance with the above said rules. Each and every accident, however small it may be, will be reported and investigated. Accident report will contain a detailed description of the incident and identify immediate cause. Accident report will also incorporate information on steps take to prevent the said accident, impact of the accident on the environment, and cost estimate of loss incurred. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 16

141 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 7.11 Types of Fire Extinguishers The type of fire will determine the type of extinguisher that can be used. Most of the industries and Fire Safety department use multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers because they cover all three types of fires. The class of fire extinguishers that can be used in the industry is given in Table below Table Types of Fire Extinguishers Type of Extinguisher Water Foam Wet Chemical CO2 Dry Chemical Vaporizing Liquid Class Type of fire A OC YES YES YES YES YES YES B FL NO YES NO YES YES YES C FG NO NO NO YES YES YES D CM NO NO NO NO NO NO E EE NO NO NO YES YES YES F OF NO NO YES YES YES NO OC-Ordinary Combustibles, FL, Flammable Liquids, FG Flammable Gases, CM Combustible Metals, EE Electrical Equipment, OF Oils and Fats, Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 7. 17

142 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 8 Project Benefits 8.1 Benefits of Hazardous Waste Management The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 and its subsequent amendments bar the industries from dumping their solid wastes indiscriminately. At the same time they permit the industries to dispose off their wastes in safe & secured manner. It has been made mandatory by the government to dispose of Hazardous waste in systematic and scientific disposal way and pollution control boards have been asked to ensure it. For systematic & scientific disposal of solid wastes, a facility has to be developed where care is to be taken to avoid any negative effects on the environment. The main benefits of the proposed project are The proposed project facilitate better management of the industrial wastes,. It will be the showcase for other states for management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean Environment. It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules It reduces the number of hazardous waste dump sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential Possibility for recovery of material can be researched at common site. The management of wastes is relatively easier & economically viable at common facility. Cost of environmental monitoring is less at common facility In absence of expertise or availability of less expertise this route is confirmed to be most viable and workable Reduced environmental liability due to captive storage of hazardous waste in the premises of industries Better occupational health and safety at individual industry level Prevention of natural resource contamination thereby improving overall environmental status of the region Competitive advantage in international markets vis-à-vis grading of the products on environmental consideration Advantages of Incineration Method The following advantages of incineration of hazardous wastes Ability to handle heterogeneous waste High efficiency due to Vigorous mixing in the bed High retention time Low NO X formation due to Lower operating temperature & Low excess air In bed neutralization possible for removing acid gasses Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 8.1

143 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Quick restart due to heat stored in the bed Absence of moving parts hence low maintenance Flexibility to handle diverse fuels Residence time can be adjusted by varying kiln speed Waste feeding without much preparation Waste heat recovery is possible Gas cooling systems can be fixed Well Scrubbing systems can be added Temperature control for constant efficiently Air control for adequate excess air Interlocks for safe operational shut down 8.2 Improvement In The Physical Infrastructure The proposed project is expected to yield a positive impact on the socio economic environment. It helps sustain the development of this area including further development of physical infrastructural facilities. The following physical infrastructure facilities will improve due to proposed project. Road Transport facilities Housing facilities Water supply and sanitation Treatment Alternatives The main advantage of the proposed project is direct employment generation (i) absorbs rural labor and unskilled workers (in addition to semi-skilled and some skilled); (ii) provides opportunity for seasonal employment thereby supplementing workers income from farming; and (iii) permits participation of women workers both during construction and operation phase. Additionally it is estimated that good number of jobs will be created as an indirect employment opportunities at local/regional level due to contractual, marketing and associated jobs directly with the project. The other related employment due to transportation requirement, supply of essential items and services to the project site and other community services will be plenty. Employment in these sectors will be permanent based on own initiatives and interest of the individual. Involvement of unskilled labor requirement will be continuous basis depending on the requirement of contractor at site. A major part of this labor force will be hired from nearby places Other Tangible Benefits Additional housing demand for rental accommodation will increase Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve. Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and medical facilities. Overall change in employment and income opportunity. The State Government will also benefit directly from the proposed project, through increased revenue from royalties, excise duty, etc. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 8.2

144 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 9 Environmental Management Plan 9.1 Introduction This section discusses the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for mitigation/ abatement of identified adverse environmental impacts and enhancement of beneficial impacts due to the proposed Incinerator Facility to be set up near Dobaspet in district Rural Bangalore, India. 9.2 Environmental Management Plan The EMP has been designed within the framework of requirement under Indian legislative requirement for environmental safeguards. The EMP needs to be taken up to minimize adverse environmental impacts as identified in the previous section. The EMP has been prepared considering life cycle approach. M/s Bangalore Eco Park Private Limited will set up the proposed Incinerator Facility. During operation and post closure phases, the incinerator facility should be under strict vigilance with comprehensive provision for collection and treatment of wastewater and ash generated from incineration process. During this time selected Project Proponent will have the sole responsibility to meet the requirements laid down under this EMP. There will also be a provision of corrective actions to be taken up during operation phase by conducting yearly audits/review of EMP measures are to be taken up. Any issue found in violation of environmental safeguards will need to be rectified in a well-defined time line. There can also be amendment in the EMP, to take up improvements needed to strengthen environmental protection. 9.3 Inspection, Monitoring And Record Keeping Inspection, monitoring and record keeping activities have to be undertaken in line with the requirement laid down under CPCB Criteria for Hazardous Waste Incinerator. The details to be covered are given in the following subsections: During Construction of Incinerator Facility During construction of Incinerator, following inspection shall be carried out by KSPCB, the verification agency: Twice during construction of each component of incinerator, to ensure that construction and quality control procedures are being followed by the construction contractor; Immediately on completion of all the components of incinerator facility, the complete set of construction records and quality control tests results will be documented by the operator/construction contractor and will be verified by KSPCB During Operation Phase of Incinerator Facility Responsibilities of an operator: The operator, among other things, shall monitor and keep a record of the following during the operation phase of the proposed Incinerator Facility: i) On Daily basis in form of site reporting: Incinerable Waste records; Weigh bridge data - w.r.t. daily flow and outflow for each vehicle; Waste inspection details; Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 1

145 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Material, stores etc; Bills and accounts; Visitors records; Complaints record from nearby areas; Wastewater monitoring and recording of ash generated from incineration process ii) On Monthly basis: Environmental monitoring data; iii) On an Event basis, in form of site reporting: Weather/climatic extremities record; Accidents/ incidents; and Any other incidence or event that operator finds is worth to be reported. 9.4 Institutional Arrangement For Environmental Management Plan It is important that an effective Environmental Monitoring Cells be set up whose role would be to check the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for implementation of EMP Organization Structure of KSPCB for the Incinerator Facility An Environmental Support Cell (ESC) at KSPCB will be set up for the monitoring of environment, social, health and safety related issues at the Incinerator Facility. This cell will perform the duties of verification agency and will be headed by a Director. The ESC will get inputs from the General Manager of the Incinerator Facility. The functions of the ESC will be as following: Setting up appropriate institutional arrangements at the project site to oversee implementation of EMP; Appointing an independent Monitoring and Evaluation agency for periodical audit of the Incinerator Facility; Looking after grievances not addressed by the Incinerator Facility operator; Look at contingency plan of the operator to meet the incidences of fire, explosion, and unexpected release of hazardous waste at the Incinerator Facility site during operation. Regular compliance of stipulated conditions by the regulatory agencies and reporting of the same as per the specified period; Undertake periodical audits and review EMP for corrective actions, if required Project Office Organizational Structure For day to day management at the Incinerator Facility, a Project Manager will co-ordinate the EMP. He/she will report to the Plant Manager Incinerator Facility, who in turn will report to General Manager Incinerator Facility. Supervisors and assistants will support him. A public relations and information body (comprising of a Community Liaison Officer supported by assistants) will be created, who in turn will interact with the General Manager/Plant Manager Incinerator Facility. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 2

146 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka The Project Manager supported by a team of an Environmental Officer, a Horticulturist, a Safety Officer and a community liaison officer will be called Environmental Monitoring Cell (EMC). Responsibilities of the Members of EMC: The EMC Cell will perform have three functions: Environmental Management unit for implementation of EMP; Public relations and information dissemination; Monitoring and Evaluation of EMP; Insure funding requirement for the project monitoring and repair. 9.5 Environmental Management System The operator of the proposed incinerator facility should adopt environmental management system (EMS), which will assist project management to meet both current and future environmental requirements and challenges. EMS will provide a structured approach towards control of the organization s environmental performance and will cover the whole gamete of activities, Following components are to taken up to establish an EMS: Organizational Commitment; Environmental Policy; Environmental Management Plan; Objectives and Targets; Public Consultation and grievances redress of people in the vicinity; Documentation; Responsibilities and Reporting Structure; Training; and Environmental Review Audits. 9.6 Environmental Management Plan For Construction Period The EMP during construction period is given in Table Table EMP of Incinerator Facility Construction Period During Construction Period Air Quality Water sprinkling on main haul roads in the project area will be done, Mitigation Measures this activity will be carried out at least twice a day, if need arises frequency will be increased on windy days, in this way around 50% reduction on the dust contribution from the exposed surface will be achieved. The duration of stockpiling of excavated mud will be as short as possible as most of the material will be used as backfill material for the open cut trenches for road development. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the site of dust generation or all around the project site as barrier for dust control Tree plantations around the project boundary will be initiated at the early stages by plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings using drip irrigation or by regular watering so that the area will be moist for most part of the day Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 3

147 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka During Construction Period All vehicles carrying raw materials will be instructed to cover with tarpaulin / plastic sheet, unloading and loading activity will be stopped during windy period. To reduce the dust movement from civil construction site to the neighborhood the external part of the construction activity will be covered by plastic sheets Water Mitigation Measures Quality Noise Mitigation Measures Solid Mitigation Measures Waste The runoff water from the site collected in working pit, settled water reused for construction activities and if any over flow is, will be diverted to nearby greenbelt / plantation area. All equipments washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for construction purposes, and for sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission, etc. Noise generating equipment will be used during day time for brief period of its requirement. Proper enclosures will be used for reduction in noise levels, where ever possible the noise generating equipment will be kept away from the human habituation. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the noise generating activity or all around the project site as barrier for minimizing the noise travel to surrounding areas. All vehicles entering into the project will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns unless it is required. Personal protective equipment like earmuffs, helmets covering ears would be provided to the workers working near noise generating equipment and would see that workers use the protective gadgets regularly. All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided so that the waste does not get scattered. Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. Site Security Materials, which can be reused for purpose of construction, levelling, making roads/ pavement will also be kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold or land filled. Adequate security arrangement would be made to ensure that the local inhabitants and the stray cattle are not exposed to the potential hazards of construction activities, a fencing will be provided along the boundary Round the clock security personnel will be appointed to restrict entry of unwanted people to the site. 9.7 Environmental Management Plan For Operation Period The EMP during construction period is given in Table Table EMP of Incinerator Facility Operation Period During Operation Period Air Quality Incinerator will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Management Guidelines, ash separator, wet scrubber, liquid incinerator. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 4

148 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Odour Control Water Quality Mitigation Measures Dioxins: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from 500 C to less than 200 C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated carbon etc. Particulate matter: Fine particulates in the flue gases require specific dust separation technologies such as cyclone separator and wet scrubbers in order to meet flue gas standard. In case of electro static precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric sparks due to the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine dust. Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every chance of these emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and then to mercuric sulphide etc.) SO 2 : Sulphur in the feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which requires control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide injection). HCl & HF: In order to control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in use. Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where necessary de-mister may be provided. Stack height: A Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case. DG set will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Guidelines or 1 m above the tallest structure in the project area for proper dispersion of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. Internal roads will be concreted / asphalted to reduce dust emissions Speed restriction will be followed within the project and speed breakers will be provided at entry and exit points Green belt will be provided along the internal roads and plant boundary. Dilution of odourant by odour counteraction or neutralize by spraying Ecosorb (organic and biodegradable chemical) around odour generation areas at regular intervals. Covering by using heavy duty hessian, plastics and foams odour can be minimized. The process effluent from Scrubber bleed will be generated and the same will be recycled to spray drier and there will be no discharge of process effluent, hence zero discharge will be maintained. Domestic Effluent will be generated and the same is treated through septic tank followed by soak pit. The effluent from floor washings, workshop etc will be collected, treated in O&G trap, setteling tank and recycle back for dust Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 5

149 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Noise Mitigation Measures Solid Waste Mitigation Measures Occupational Health & Safety suppression, etc Acoustic Enclosure will be provided for all the high noise generating equipments All the design/installation precautions as specified by the manufacturers with respect to noise control are strictly adhered to Major noise generating sources are insulated adequately by providing suitable enclosures Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs are provided to the personnel close to the noise generating units; All the openings like covers, partitions are designed properly. The ash coming from incineration plant area will be used as daily cover in secured landfill Periodic health checkup for early detection and control of communicable diseases Will provide preventive measures for potential fire hazards with requisite fire detection, fire fighting facilities and adequate water storage, etc. Provide regular training for workers in their respective fields 9.8 Rain Water Harvesting and Storm Water Management Storm Water Gutters Large quantity of storm water will be generated during rainy days. Rain water collection and harvesting plan will be implemented to conserve the water resources and to improve underground water table. The project site area of 4Ac is segregated into different premises such as built up area (plant area, storage area, boiler section, office and stores building), lawn/green belt area and open area for effective management of storm water. Storm water gutters are designed and constructed based on contour data of the premise and rainfall data of the region, necessary measures shall be taken to control the quality of the storm water Rainwater Harvesting Pits Rainwater harvesting pits will be constructed along rain water gutters at distance of about 30m. a total of 5 pits will be constructed as per practice. Each pit will be of size 3.0m X 2.0M X 3.0M they are filled with small boulders, pebbles, coarse sand Storm Water Reservoir Storm water drains lead to rain water reservoirs constructed t the lowest level of premise as shown in the layout plant. The annual average rainfall in the region is about 930 mm and spread from May to October. The average monthly rainfall is about 155mm. the industry posses a total of 4 Ac land. The area consists of 1.2 Ac built up area, 1.42 Ac open area and 1.36 Ac green belt area. Storm water storage capacity will be to hold a month s rain water. The rainwater collected will be used for greenery development in the factory. The storm water collected thus collected can also be used as the source of water for the industry. Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 6

150 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S.No Location Area Ac Average runoff factor Rainfall/ Month 1 Built up area Green belt area Open area Total Rain water collected m 3 /month 9.9 Manpower Required A detail of the skilled and unskilled manpower for the proposed project during construction and operational phase is given below in Table 9.3 Table 9.3 Manpower Details S. No Details Construction Operation Remarks 1 Management /Skilled 5 10 Permanent staff 2 Semi Skilled Unskilled On contract basis Note: Indirect employment due to the project will be around 30 persons Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 9. 7

151 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 10 Summary and Conclusion 10.1 Introduction M/s Bangalore Eco-Park Private Limited (BEPL) has obtained Environmental Clearance ( EC ) in the year 2010 for the establishment of Common Facilities for Treatment and Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Solid Waste Facilities at Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) Industrial area, Sompura (V), Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. The project is not yet commissioned. M/s BEPL, now proposes to enhance the capacity of the incinerator from 200 kg/hr to 500 kg/hr and evaporate 100 KLD through forced evaporation. The proposed activity falls under the Category A of Project Activity 7 (D) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) under the schedule as per EIA Notification issued on 14th September, 2006, the project requires Environmental Clearance from MoEF, Govt. of India. In order to assess the likely impacts from proposed project on the surrounding environment and evaluating the likely positive/negative impacts, if any, from the incinerator, M/s BEPL has retained M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited (REEL) as their Environmental Consultant. The report has been prepared as per the recommendation in the Terms of References (TOR) from minutes of the 123 rd Meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for Building Construction, Coastal Regulation Zone, Infrastructure Development and Miscellaneous projects held on 15 th 16 th April, Project Capacity Details The facility will consist of Proposed: Treatment plant and dispose 100 KLD of Liquid waste(non Biodegradable effluent) Incineration plant to treat and dispose 500 Kg/hr of hazardous solid waste Existing: Environmental Clearance for the treatment Liquid & Solid Wastes: Treatment plant to treat and dispose 300 m 3 /d of Biodegradable effluent Treatment plant and dispose 60 KLD of Liquid waste(non Biodegradable effluent) Incineration plant to treat and dispose 200 Kg/hr of hazardous solid waste 10.3 Project Importance An estimated 75, MT/annum of Hazardous waste generates from the industries of Bangalore Urban & Rural Dist, Kolar & Tumkur Dist. Out of this, about 22, MT/annum is incinerable waste. This Incinerable waste needs to be disposed by means of Hazardous waste incinerator in a scientific way. In view of the above M/s Bangalore Eco Park pvt Ltd, proposed to enhancement of the incinerator facility with present permitted capcity 200kg/hr to 500kg/hr and liquid waste 100 KL/day at KIADB Industrial area, Sompura 1st stage, Dobaspet to dispose the incinerable waste in a scientific manner Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 1

152 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka 10.4 Land Details The incinerator will be proposed in area 4 acres. The details of the land use pattern are given in Table 10.1 & the components are proposed to setup along with incinerator given in Table land document received from KIADB is given in Annexure 12 Table 10.1 Land Breakup for the Proposed Facility S.No. Component Area (m 2 ) Area in Acres 1 Built-up area Green belt area Vacant area Total Area 4 Acres Table 10.2 Land Required for Proposed Incinerator setup S.No. Component Area Area in Acres 1 Incinerator 50m x 21m Compressor, PLC, MCC Rooms 18m x 10m Tank Farm 24m x 5m 0.03 Total Area 0.33 Acres 10.5 Water Requirement Total water required for incinerator facility is 60 KLD. The water breakup details are given in Table 10.3 Table 10.3 Water Requirement and Wastewater Generation Details Utility Process (cooling, washing and other process water) Water Required (KLD) Wastewater Generated (KLD) Loss (KLD) The detailed water requirement after enhancement is given in Annexure 10 Source Existing KIADB source 10.6 Power and Fuel Requirement The details of the power required for operation of the facility and fuel required for running DG sets for emergency use during power failure are given in Table 10.4 Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 2

153 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Table 10.4 Power and Fuel Requirement Details Capacity Remarks Power 125 KVA Bangalore Electricity Supply Company (Bescom) Auxiliary fuel for Incinerator HSD 60 KL/month Fuel will be procured from local dealers DG set 125 KVA DG set is used for emergency power HSD (Diesel) 60 KL/hr backup, Fuel will be procured from Sulphur - content <0.05% local dealers 10.7 Manpower Requirement A detail of the skilled and unskilled manpower for the proposed project during construction and operational phase is given below in Table 10.5 Table 10.5 Manpower Details S. No Details Construction Operation Remarks 1 Management /Skilled 5 10 Permanent staff 2 Semi Skilled Unskilled On contract basis Note: Indirect employment due to the project will be around 30 persons 10.8 Baseline Environmental Status The baseline data generation for the EIA has been carried out during the post monsoon season (December 2013 to February 2014). The data generation with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality, and socio economic conditions were carried out during the study period. Secondary meteorological data has been collected from the nearest IMD station of Bangalore. Post project scenario details is given in Table 10.6 Table 10.6 Post Project Scenario of air quality: (μg/m 3 ) Particulars Particulate Sulphur Oxides of Nitrogen Matter (PM 10 ) dioxide (SO 2 ) (NO X ) Baseline Scenario (Max) Predicted GLC (Max) Overall Scenario (Worst Case) MOEF / CPCB Standards Water samples in the study area were collected from nine ground water sources and three samples of surface water are analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics and the Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 3

154 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka summary of important parameters are given in Table Overall all the ground water samples collected from the study area were found to be fit for human consumption as per IS drinking water standards. Table 10.7 Summary of Groundwater Analysis Parameters Units Minimum Maximum Standards IS Drinking water Desirable Permissible ph to to 8.5 Dissolved solids mg/l Chlorides mg/l Hardness mg/l Fluorides mg/l Baseline noise levels have been monitored at 10 locations within the study zone, using a spot noise measurement device. The results are presented in Table 10.8 Table 10.8 Noise Levels db(a) Parameters Minimum Maximum Standard Industrial Commercial Residential Day Equivalent 53.2 db (A) 55.1 db (A) Night Equivalent 42.0 db (A) 43.9dB (A) To determine the impact on agricultural productivity of soil due to the proposed activity soil samples were collected at 9 locations. The summary of the results obtained are presented in Table 10.9 and compared with Indian Council of Agricultural Research standards Table 10.9 Soil Quality in the Study Area Parameters Minimum Maximum Standard Normal Tending to Alkaline become alkaline Ph to to 9.0 Above 9.0 EC (m Mhos/cm) to to 4.00 Low Medium High Organic Carbon % < to 0.75 >0.75 Nitrogen (kg/ha) < to 560 >560 Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 4

155 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Parameters Minimum Maximum Standard Normal Tending to Alkaline become alkaline Phosphorous <10 10 to 25 >25 (kg/ha) Potassium (kg/ha) < to 280 >280 Standard Soil Classification (Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi) 10.9 Anticipated Impacts Construction phase works include site clearance, site formation, building works, infrastructure provision and any other infrastructure activities. The impacts due to construction activities are short term and are limited to the construction phase. The impacts will be mainly on air quality, water quality, soil quality and socio-economics, necessary control measures will be taken to minimize the impacts. During the operation phase of the proposed project there would be impacts on the air environment, water environment, Land environment and socio-economic aspects. The main sources of air pollution for Point source emissions from Incinerator, Power plant, DG set Environmental Monitoring Plan The main spirit of environmental monitoring program is aimed such that there is not much of time lack between commencements of damage to environment mitigation measures to various environmental parameters that are being affected. Environmental monitoring program has been prepared for assessing the efficiency of implementation of Environment Management Plan and details of the same are given in Table Table Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase S. Potential Parameters for Frequency of Action to be Followed No Impact Monitoring Monitoring 1. Air Emissions Stack emissions from Incinerator Temperature, Pressure, CO2, CO, Excess Oxygen, Particulates, HCl, SO 2, NOx, Continuous Monitoring HF, TOC Once in Month Mercury, Heavy metals, Twice in a year dioxins & furans, Gas quality from VOC, H2S, Methane As per CFE Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 5

156 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No Potential Impact Action to be Followed landfill areas Stack emissions from Power plant and DG sets AAQ within the project premises and nearby habitations (3 places at 120º) to be monitored. All vehicles to be PUC certificate. Meteorological data 2. Noise Noise generated from operation of boiler, cooling towers, etc to be monitored 3. Wastewater Compliance to Discharge wastewater discharge (leachate) standards 4. Solid waste/ Haz. Waste 5. Ground Water Quality 6. Flora and fauna Check compliance to HWM rules Monitoring ground water quality, around plant site and piezometers Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development 7. Soil quality Checking & Maintenance of good soil quality around 8. Health Employees and migrant labour health Parameters for Monitoring As per CFE conditions PM, SO 2, NOx As per CFE conditions / NAAQ Standards Vehicle logs to be maintained Wind speed, direction, temp., relative humidity and rainfall. Spot Noise Level recording; ph, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD & Oil& grease (Heavy metals if required) Quality & quantity monitoring Comprehensive monitoring as per IS Groundwater level BGL No. of plants, species Physico-chemical parameters and metals. All relevant parameters (BP, Sugar, chest X-ray, Frequency of Monitoring conditions As per CFE conditions As per CFE conditions Periodic during operation phase Once in month by third party Daily at regular intervals Once in a month by third party Periodically / CPCB norms. Periodically & as per CPCB norms. Once a year Once a year Regular checkups as per factories act. Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 6

157 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No Potential Impact Action to be Followed check ups Parameters for Monitoring Eye vision, etc.) Frequency of Monitoring Risk Analysis The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may lead to emergency consequences (disasters) affecting the public safety and health. All necessary measures to minimize the risk due to the proposed project will be taken during design stage and also during operation period viz, Fire & safety control measures, Emergency preparedness plan, Disaster Management plan, etc Project Benefits From the proposed project the major benefits, include improving the degraded environment by establishing an incinerator facility to enhance; The proposed project facilitates better management of the industrial wastes. It will be the showcase for other states for management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean Environment. It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules It reduces the number of hazardous waste dump sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential The management of wastes is relatively easier & economically viable at common facility. Cost of environmental monitoring is less at common facility Reduced environmental liability due to captive storage of hazardous waste in the premises of industries Better occupational health and safety at individual industry level Prevention of natural resource contamination thereby improving overall environmental status of the region Environmental Management Plan The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the area of the proposed project site. Hence, it needs proper Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to meet these objectives. The purpose of the Environmental Management Plan is to minimize the potential environmental impacts from the project and to mitigate the adverse impacts. Details of Environment Management Plan are given in Table Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 7

158 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka S. No Potential Impact Table Mitigation Measure proposed during Operation Period Action to be Followed 1. Air Emissions Gas quality from landfill areas 2 Wastewater Discharge (leachate) if present 3. Ground Water Quality and Water Levels AAQ within the project premises Parameters for Monitoring Frequency of Monitoring VOC, H 2 S As per CFE norms given by SPCB or EC As per CFE conditions / NAAQ Standards Meteorological data Wind speed, direction, temp., relative humidity and rainfall. Compliance to ph, TSS, TDS, wastewater discharge BOD, COD & standards Oil& grease Monitoring ground water quality, and water levels within plant site 4. Flora and fauna Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development 5. Health Employees and migrant labor health check ups As per CPCB protocol No. of plants, species All relevant parameters (BP, Sugar, chest X-ray, Eye vision, etc.) norms given by MOEF and as per CPCB protocol for TSDF. Once in a month ( during initial period more regularly) Periodically and CPCB protocol for TSDF. Once a year Regular checkups as per factories act Project Cost Estimate and Means of Finance Project Costing The costing for each of the plant has been done based on land cost with respective civil, building and plant and machineries. A. Civil costing includes costing of the following required activities: Land cost Earthwork Bush clearance Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 8

159 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Construction of Shed for storage area Buildings of each Recycling facility with o RCC framed structure o Brick walls plastering o AC sheet roofing o Painting Development of Effluent Convergence system Storm water drains Solar pond Administrative Building, Lab and Training centre Roads B. Plant and machineries: Establishment of Incinerators. Design, Supply, Installation and commissioning of Process Plant and machineries based on budgetary quotations with suppliers for each of the recycling plant Environment related equipment for Pollution control and measures. Safety and Fire Hydrant equipment Equipment for Common facilities inclusive of DG, Transformer, cooling tower, chilling plant & Material handling equipment etc. Supply, erection and commissioning of common utilities equipment. Development of Green belt Electricals Supply, fabrication, erection and testing of MCC panels, cabling and lighting. Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited 10. 9

160 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure No 10.1 Site Layout of the Proposed Facility Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited

161 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure No 10.2 Topo map of the Study Area 10 km Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited

162 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Figure No 10.3 Basemap of the Study Area 10 Km Ramky Enviro Enginners Limited

163 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Chapter 11 Disclosure of Consultants 11.1 Ramky Group Ramky, founded in the year 1984, today spans into a specialist multi-disciplinary organization focused in areas of Civil, Environment & Waste Management Infrastructure with specific emphasis on Public Private Partnership Projects. The corporate office of the group is located at Hyderabad and the regional offices are located at Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Bhopal and Kolkata. The major companies of the group are 1) RAMKY Infrastructure Ltd, 2) RAMKY Enviro Engineers Ltd, 3) Ramky Estates & Farms Pvt. Ltd. and 4) Smilax Laboratories Ltd RAMKY Enviro Engineers Limited Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited (REEL) is the consulting arm of the group provides vital function of effectively providing the backward linkage to the project implementation function in the form of concepts, strategies, structuring, planning and designing infrastructure projects. Ramky is a multi and cross disciplinary team of professionals, offering solutions at each cycle of a project. Consultancy Division is one of the departments of REEL. The services offered by the consultancy division are given below Consultancy Services Facilitating in obtaining Environmental Clearances from MOEF, New Delhi and SEAC s from various states Obtaining Consent for Establishment & Consent for Operation from state pollution Control Boards Preparing of Environmental Impact Assessment Reports. Environmental Audits to help industries to recycle and reuse resources and plan for low polluting technologies. Risk Assessment Studies for hazardous chemical storage & Process in order to devise viable onsite and offsite emergency plans. Identification and evaluation of hazardous Waste disposal sites. Preparation of Detailed Project Reports of MSW, HWMP, BMW Environmental management systems, training, documentation and implementation as per ISO: 14001:1996 Standards. Characterization and quantification of biomedical waste, municipal solid waste and design of disposal facilities. Environmental management strategies to mitigate adverse impacts arising out of developmental activities. Effluent treatment plant design after thorough review of process, reaction mass balance and treatability studies of effluents Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 11.1

164 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Post project Monitoring network design Consultancy Services for setting up environmental laboratories Design of Sewage treatment plants Design of Waste treatment plants Health and socio- economic surveys Resettlement and rehabilitation plans Systems development for ISO:9000,OSHAS:18000,NABL,ISO:17025 Standards Laboratory services Analysis of air samples for ambient air quality and those collected from industrial sources for both routine and industry specific pollutants Water and wastewater analysis for important parameters as for standard methods, including pesticides and poly hydro carbons Solid and hazardous waste analysis including TCPL tests Monitoring of noise levels at source and in ambient air Development of new methods and quality assurances of results obtained Design and settings of laboratories Training services Monitoring of environmental parameters air, water, noise, soil etc Environmental impact assessments Effluent treatment plant operations and maintenance Sewage treatment plant operations and maintenance ISO 9000&14000, OHSAS Awareness, documentations, internal auditors Establishment environmental laboratories Pollution control in industries Biomedical waste management Field Services Site selection and suitability studies for settling up of Industries Ambient Air Quality monitoring for all pollutants Noise Level Monitoring Meteorological data collection as per CPCB norms Stack Emission monitoring for all pollutants and assessment of efficiency of control equipment Water, Wastewater and Soil Sample Collection Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 11.2

165 Enhancement of Capacity for Treatment Disposal of Common Effluent and Hazardous Soild Waste Facilities at M/S. Bangalore Eco Park Pvt. Ltd, KIADB Industrial Area, Sompura Industrial Area, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka Assessment of efficiency of ETP and analyzing critical parameters of field. Flora and Fauna assessment through sectorial studies and damage assessment due to development projects Damage Assessment studies in case of oil well blowouts, major industrial accidents, etc Treatment Plant Services Water Treatment Plants-design, construction, operation and maintenance Efficiency studies of Effluent Treatment plants Design, construction, operation and maintenance of ETP Up gradation/modification of ETP Sewage Treatment Plants-design, construction, operation and maintenance along with mechanical equipment erection Supply of mechanical equipment Solid Waste Management Services Industrial Waste Management Hazardous Waste Management Municipal Solid Waste Management Biomedical Solid Waste Management The Company has over 2000 employees in various sectors of which over 600 employees are post graduates and about 15 employees are having Ph.D s. The Analysis was carried out in the Laboratory of Hyderabad Waste Management Project, a subsidiary company under Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd which is NABL accredited and recognized as Environmental Laboratory by Ministry of Environment and Forests under the Environment (Protection) Act Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 11.3

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177 A.1

178 A.2

179 A.3

180 A.4

181 A.5

182 A.6

183 A.7

184 A.8

185 A.9

186 CPMG / KA / BG-GPO / 13 / KARNATAKA GAZETTE SPECIAL PAPER PART - III, BANGALORE, SATURDAY, 21st AUGUST, 2004 No. 915 Ministry of Commerce and Industry Notification - I No: CI 414 SPQ 2004, Bangalore, Date In Exercise of the powers conferred by section 3(1), of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Act (Karnataka Act 18, 1966), the Government of Karnataka has declared the lands mentioned in the following schedule in the column 2 (Survey Nos) and column 3 (Area) of the villages of Pemmanahalli and Thimmanayakanahalli, SompuraHobli, NelamangalaTaluk, Bangalore Rural District as Industrial Area.

187 Village : (1) PemmanahalliHobli: SompuraTaluk: Nelamangala (2) ThimmanayakanaHalli District: Bangalore Rural Sl. Survey Area Border No No Actual Wastege Balance East West North South (1) Pemmanahalli Acre- Acre- Acre- Survey Survey No Survey No Gunta Gunta Gunta No Survey No Stream (low A 32 G 0 A 06 G 6 A 26 G land) 84, Stream (low A 38 G 0 A 03 G 6 A 35 G A 05 G 0 A 02 G 3 A 03 G A 05 G 0 A 01 G 5 A 04 G A 17 G 0 A 13 G 3 A 04 G A 38 G 0 A 03 G 2 A 35 G A 25 G 0 A 01 G 0 A 24 G A 14 G 0 A 02 G 0 A 12 G 29 A A 23 Total G 0 A 31 G G (2) ThimmanayakanaHalli Village 1 7:01 3 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 3 A 11 G 2 7:02 1 A 34 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 34 G 3 8:01 1 A 15 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 15 G 4 8:02 4 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 4 A 11 G 5 8:03 1 A 38 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 38 G 6 9:00 Total 13 A 24 G 26 A 13 G 0 A 20 G 0 A 20 G 13 A 04 G 25 A 33 G land) Stream (low land) 75, 76 74, 75 Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border 76, 84 78, 82, Road 75, 84 Pemmanahalli Border 7:02 8:01 Yadehalli Border 7:01 40, 48, 45 8:03 Yadehalli Border Pemmanahalli 8:03 Border 8:02 7:01 Pemmanahalli 8:03 9 Border 8:01 8: :02 8:02 45 Pemmanahalli Border 10, 11 Road 8:02, 8:03

188 Notification - 2 No: CI 416 SPQ 2004, Bangalore, Date In Exercise of the powers conferred by section 3(1), of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Act (Karnataka Act 18, 1966), the Government of Karnataka has declared the lands mentioned in the following schedule in the Survey Nos mentioned in column 2, borders mentioned in column No 4 to 7 and area mentioned in column No 3 of the villages of Pemmanahalli and Thimmanayakanahalli, Sompura, HobliNelamangalaTaluk, Bangalore Rural District as Industrial Area. The above notification has been declared according to the rules of Chapter 7 of the above mentioned Act and they will come into effect from the date of declaration of this notification Village : (1) PemmanahalliHobli: SompuraTaluk: Nelamangala (2) ThimmanayakanaHalli District: Bangalore Rural Sl. Survey Area Border No No Actual Wastege Balance East West North South (1) Pemmanahalli Acre- Gunta Acre- Gunta Acre- Gunta A 32 G 0 A 06 G 6 A 26 G A 38 G 0 A 03 G 6 A 35 G A 05 G 0 A 02 G 3 A 03 G Survey No Stream (low land) Stream (low land) Stream (low land) A 05 G 0 A 01 G 5 A 04 G 75, A 17 G 0 A 13 G 3 A 04 G A 38 G 0 A 03 G 2 A 35 G A 25 G 0 A 01 G 0 A 24 G A 14 G 0 A 02 G 0 A 12 G 29 A 14 0 A A 23 Total G G G 74, 75 Survey No Survey No Survey No 84, Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border 76, 84 78, 82, Road 75, 84

189 (2) ThimmanayakanaHalli Village 1 7:01 3 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 3 A 11 G Pemmanahalli Border 7:02 8:01 Yadehalli Border 2 7:02 1 A 34 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 34 G 7:01 40, 48, 45 8:03 Yadehalli Border 3 8:01 1 A 15 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 15 G 4 8:02 4 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 4 A 11 G 5 8:03 1 A 38 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 38 G 6 9:00 13 A 24 G 0 A 20 G 13 A 04 G Total 26 A 13 G 0 A 20 G 25 A 33 G Pemmanahalli Border Pemmanahalli Border 8:03 8:02 7:01 8:03 9 8:01 8: :02 8:02 45 Pemmanahalli Border 10, 11 Road 8:02, 8:03 Signed According to the order and in the name of Governor of Karnataka Secretary to the Government Department of Commerce and Industry (Industrial Development)

190 NOTIFICATION No: CI 416 SPQ 2004 Bangalore Date: According to the Section 28(1) of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Act Lands mentioned in the following Schedule are required to Karnataka State Government for industrial development through Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board. This notice has been published for acquiring land by exercising the power conferred by section 28 (1) of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Act ( No 18 of the act, 1966) According to the rule No 35 of the act, this is being informed to all the interested parties not to prevent or disturb any government person who enters to these lands to carryout his duty. From the date of publication of this notification, no person shall carryout works such as selling, lease, exchange, construction and other developmental activities without the prior permission of the Special Acquiring Officer of Special Division of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board. In case, if any such work, according to the section 24 (rule 7) of Land Acquizition Act 1894, Karnataka Amendment Act 17:1961 and section 30 of Karnataka Industrial Area Development Act, the work will not be considered for any compensation at the time of fixing compensation and finally the land will be acquired. The site map of the lands has been kept for verification in Bangalore divisional office of Karnataka industrial Area Development Board.

191 Village : (1) PemmanahalliHobli: SompuraTaluk: Nelamangala District: Bangalore Rural (2) ThimmanayakanaHalli Sl. Name fo the Khata Survey Area Border No holder Land holder name No Actual Wastege Balance Type Shape East West North South (1) Pemmanahalli Acre- Acre- Survey Survey Acre-Gunta Survey No Survey No Gunta Gunta No No 1 Shettallppa S/O Shettallapa 75 6 A 32 G 0 A 06 G 6 A 26 G Dry Stream 84, Muniyappa Anjanappa S/O Hanumaiah Anjanappa 76 6 A 38 G 0 A 03 G 6 A 35 G Dry 3 Ramakka W/O Mayanna Ramakka 77 3 A 05 G 0 A 02 G 3 A 03 G Dry Kalamma W/O Kempaiah H. Bhageerathi W/O T.M. Shivarudrappa Marulasiddappa S/O Kambalasiddappa H. Bhageerathi W/O T.M. Shivarudrappa Mariyappa S/O DoddarangaiahBhyrappa S/O Kenchaiah, H. Bhageerathi W/O T.M. Shivarudrappa Tammaiah S/O RangaiahMahimanna S/O Rangiah, Rajashekara& Kumara Sons/O Muddaiah (Joint) V. Shivarudriah S/O Veerananjaiah (low land) Stream (low land) Stream (low land) Kalamma 84 5 A 05 G 0 A 01 G 5 A 04 G Dry 75, 76 Marulasiddappa A 17 G 0 A 13 G 3 A 04 G Dry Mariyappa A 38 G 0 A 03 G 2 A 35 G Dry TammiahMahimanna A 25 G 0 A 01 G 0 A 24 G Dry V. Shivarudriah A 14 G 0 A 02 G 0 A 12 G Dry Total 29 A 14 G 0 A 31 G 28 A 23 G 74, Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border Thimmanayakanahalli border 76, 84 78, 82, Road 75, 84 74, 75 Pemmanahalli Border Road 75, 84 Sl. No Name fo the Land holder Survey Area Border

192 Khata holder name No Actual Wastege Balance Type Shape East West North South (1) Thimmanayakanahalli Village Acre- Gunta Acre- Gunta Acre- Gunta Siddappa S/O Channaiah, Channabasavaiah S/O Channaiah Siddappa 7:01 3 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 3 A 11 G Nanjamma W/O Veerananjaiah Nanjamma 7:02 1 A 34 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 34 G Siddappa S/O Channaiah, Siddappa 8:01 1 A 15 G 0 A 00 G 1 A 15 G G. Gangabasavaiah S/O Gangappa, T.M. Puttaiah G. Gangabasiah, S/O Muddaiah, T. M. Puttiah, Somashekaraiah Somashekaraiah, S/O Ajjappa, Mariyappa, Mariyappa S/O Gangamma Late Channabasavaiah, Gangamma W/O Puttabasavaiah Dry 4.53 Survey No Pemmanahalli Border Dry :01 Dry :02 4 A 11 G 0 A 00 G 4 A 11 G Dry 5.91 Pemmanahalli Border Pemmanahalli Border Survey No Survey No 7:02 8:01 40, 48, 45 8:03 8:03 Survey No Yadehalli Border Yadehalli Border 8:02 7:01 8:03 9 8:

193 Sl. No 5 6 Nanjamma W/O Veerananjaiah Shrikantiah S/O Veerananjaiah, Shivashankariah S/O Veerananjaiah, Siddappa S/O Veerananjaiah, Shivakumara S/O Veerananjaiah, Manjunatha S/O Veerananjaiah, C. Mohan Kumar, C. Shivaprakash, Chandrashekaraiah CUMULATIVE Nanjamma 8:03 1 A 38 G Shrikantiah, Shivashankariah, Siddappa, Shivakumara, Manjunatha Village Actual Acre - Gunta 9 13 A 24 G Total Wastege Acre - Gunta 26 A 13 G Balance Acre - Gunta 1 Pemmanahalli Thimmanayakanahall i _ A 00 G 0 A 20 G 0 A 20 G 1 A 38 G Dry A 04 G 25 A 33 G Dry : :02 8:02 45 Pemmana halli Border 10, 11 Roa d 8:2, 8:3

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212