Systematic Conservation Analysis & Planning Tools

Transcription

1 Systematic Conservation Analysis & Planning Tools

2 Connectivity Biology Hydrology Water Quality Geomorphology

3 How do we - in a systematic, objective way - prioritize areas for conservation consistent with the 5 component approach?

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5 Decision Making Processes Problem Decide & Implement Objectives Values-Focused Approach Tradeoffs / Optimization Consequences Alternatives Alternatives- Focused Approach

6 Mental Models Conceptual Models Empirical Models (statistical) Physical Models (math) System Models Goal Models Conjunctive (AND) & Disjunctive (AND, OR) (e.g., Binary overlay; Ian McHarg) Rating/Ranking Methods Weighted Linear Combinations LUCIS Value Models Outranking Models

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11 Mental Models Conceptual Models Empirical Models (statistical) Physical Models (math) System Models Goal Models Conjunctive (AND) & Disjunctive (AND, OR) (e.g., Binary overlay; Ian McHarg) Rating/Ranking Methods Weighted Linear Combinations LUCIS Value Models Outranking Models Rating/Ranking Methods Linear Programming Heuristic Methods MARXAN ZONATION Performance of action compared against alternatives (e.g., Analytic Hierarchy Process)

12 MN Sensitive Lakeshore ID Objective Function SI x = Attribute Criteria Ranking Optimization Algorithm A rcgis H ot Spot algorithm, clustered sensitive shoreland plots have higher value than isolated ones

13 EBI -- BWSR & N RRI s DSS Objective Function EBI = Soil Erosion + WQ + Habitat + X where Environmental Benefits Index (EBI) is a function soil erosion risks (based on a subset of the universal soil loss equation), w ater quality (WQ; Erosive Power Index + Proximity to Water Ranking Index), habitat (positive and negative components), and ancillary data you may have (X). Optimization Algorithm -- not present

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15 Systematic Conservation Analysis Identify areas and activities that optimize benefits by accounting for economic and environmental values. Reduce interference between competing land uses (habitat, rare features, agriculture, watershed services, etc.). Integrate multiple benefits at a scale appropriate for land management decisions. Alternatively, aim to retain high-quality attributes of all features. Use in a public consultation process.

16 Need Objectives Formulate the problem or what is valued Set numeric goals or weights -> Objective Function Solve for the Objective Function

17 Zonation, a DSS for Spatial Conservation Prioritization Objective Function 4 different functions; additive benefit function: V(P) = ΣwjRj(P) z j - ΣwkRk(P) z k Value= conservation features non-conservation features the value of a plot [V(P)] is this summation of weighted (w), normalized (R) conservation features (j) minus the summation of alternative features (k), each to the power z. Optimization Algorithm: Iterative hierarchical that produces priority maps.

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19 Biology Ecological Patches and Connections Rare Features Sites of Biodiversity Significance Native Prairie

20 Biology Prairie Core USFWS Priority Grasslands USFWS Priority Wetlands

21 Water Quality Drinking Water Supply Vulnerability Water Quality Risk

22 Geomorphology Soil Erosion Risk Stream Riparian Areas Shorelands CPI

23 Hydrology Wetlands Restorable Wetland Areas Pasture/Hay Cultivated Croplands

24 Protection Strategy: Balance Agricultural and Ecological Benefits with all layers equally weighted Connectivity Valued (high value cells close together receive a higher priority than isolated ones) Higher Connectivity Valued

25 Restoration Strategy: Balance Agricultural & Ecological Benefits; Minimize cost to potential intensive crop production areas Equal Weights Crop Productivity Index used as a cost layer (value of cell is divided by CPI)

26 Restoration Strategy: Balance Agricultural and Ecological Benefits High Weight for Cultivated Croplands (minimize interaction with this land use) High Weight for Water Quality

27 Water Quality Risk (EBI) Drinking Water Supply Vulnerability Cultivated Croplands

28 Restoration Strategy Priorities Minimize Cost (CPI as cost layer) Avoid Interference with Cultivated Cropland Weighted for Water Quality Benefits

29 Conclusion The 5 Component Model facilitates an organized process to review and analyze problems. Numerous GIS tools exist to help us ID and prioritize areas for conservation. A values-focused approach is an efficient approach. TNC Priorities for clean water can be integrated with other priorities (e.g., protection of rare species, prairie plan implementation, groundwater recharge protection) to manage for healthy watersheds.