An European Wide Sector Specific Calculation Method for the Emission Inventories of the Electricity Industry

Transcription

1 An European Wide Sector Specific Calculation Method for the Emission Inventories of the Electricity Industry Remi BUSSAC, EDF On behalf of the VGB / EURELECTRIC European Working Group «E-PRTR» 2 nd May 2011, TFEIP, Stockholm 1

2 EURELECTRIC : the Union of the Electricity Industry EURELECTRIC is the sector association which represents the common interests of the electricity industry at pan- European level, plus its affiliates and associates on several other continents. VGB PowerTech e.v. is the European technical association dealing with all issues of power and heat generation and related environmental topics, in close collaboration with EURELECTRIC. 2

3 Regulatory context 1/2 Kiev Protocol on PRTR (2003) under the UNECE Aarhus convention on Access to information (1998) European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E- PRTR) regulation (18th January 2007) 1st reporting in 2009 (2007 data) 3

4 Regulatory context 2/2 E-PRTR guidance document (May 2006) : Operators should prepare their data collection in accordance with internationally approved methodologies, where such methodologies are available. Operators may use «equivalent» methodology, if this methodology is an European-wide sector specific calculation method, developped by industry experts, which has been delivered to the European Commission, the European Environment Agency and the relevant international organisations (e.g. UNECE TFEIP or IPCC). 4

5 The VGB European Working Group E- PRTR Altenburg, Jürgen Bussac, Rémi Dissauer, Manuela Häyrinen, Anna Massey, Tom Quick, Will te Winkel, Henk Van Damme, Alexis Weatherstone, Susan Wieck-Hansen, Kate Hamacher, Volker (RWE Power, Germany) (EDF, France) (Verbund Austria) (Helsingin Energia, Finland) (RWE npower, United Kingdom), (E.ON UK, United Kingdom) (KEMA, The Netherlands) (Electrabel, Belgium) (E.ON UK, United Kingdom) (DONG Energy, Denmark) (VGB secretariat) 5

6 The VGB/EURELECTRIC recommandations The first European Wide Sector Specific Calculation Method for the Emission Inventories of the Electricity Industry Formally adopted by EURELECTRIC EURELECTRIC members are kindly invited to use the recommendations for the reporting obligations to their competent authorities It is intended to be reviewed at regular intervals : 1st edition in January 2008, 2 nd edition in June 2010, 3rd edition planned in

7 available for downloading on : Under the file : documentation / publication / environmental protection 7

8 Scope Thermal power stations and other combustion installations with a heat input of more than 50 MW. 23 pollutants in the air covered 8

9 Specificity of E-PRTR Installation level reporting (bottom-up approach) covers pollutants releases into air, water and land Impact of thresholds on emission reporting Obligation for reporting dust emission only as PM10 Obligation for reporting for only 8 heavy metals in the air (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) Obligation for reporting Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons only as total PAH (sum of four species) National regulations may be more comprehensive 9

10 Contents (Air) of the VGB/EURELCTRIC recommandations Emission factors (CH4, N2O, CO, NMVOC, dioxines, PAH, benzene, HM for HFO) Calculation methods based on fuel composition and type of flue gas treatment systems (SO2, HCl, HF) Specific calculation method to determine heavy metal emissions from coal combustion, based on the total dust emission and fuel composition Fuel specific flue gas volumes to be used by default General recommandations What emissions do you report if measured values are below the determination limits? How to deal with start-up and shut-down periods? 10

11 Trace elements emissions from coal combustion 1/3 Approach initially developped by KEMA (R. Meij) Accepted by several national authorities for LCP reporting Based on the volatility of individual trace elements Very fine dust particles are enriched in most trace elements compared to the precipitator inlet dusts due to the large specific surface area of fine particulate on to which vapours can condense. This effect is addressed by using enrichment factors. Amongst all trace elements considered, only the mercury is considered to be significantly present in the flue gas as gaseous pollutant. This effect is addressed by a retention factor of 0.5. For all the other elements the retention factor is ~1. 11

12 Trace elements emissions from coal combustion 2/3 Trace elements emissions are calculated using the following equations : For non-volatile elements: Mass emission = Average concentration in fuel (mg/kg dry) x (100 / average ash %) x F x E x total dust emission F : Retention factor in ash E : Enrichment factor For an element also present as vapour the following is added: Mass emission = Average concentration in fuel (mg/kg dry) x (1 F) x fuel burn Retention factor Enrichment factor Element (F) (E) Arsenic 1 6 Cadmium Chromium Copper Mercury Nickel Lead Zinc

13 Trace elements emissions from coal combustion 3/3 Where the average concentration of trace elements in the fuel burnt at the site is known, then this data should be used. In the absence of sitespecific data then the use of company-wide average data is acceptable. In the absence of any data on trace element content of fuels, then the following analysis can be taken as typical for an internationally traded bituminous coal. Concentration in Element bituminous coal (mg/kg, dry) Arsenic 5 Cadmium 0.2 Chromium 25 Copper 25 Mercury 0.1 Nickel 30 Lead 20 Zinc 25 13

14 Next steps Increasing importance of emission reporting for the Electricty Industry (ETS, national and/or sectoral ceilings and/or emission reduction plan, tax, ) At sectoral level, updating and promoting of the VGB/EURELECTRIC recommandations At national level, collaborations with bodies in charge of inventories are encouraged in order to improve consistency between top-down approach and bottom-up reporting. At international level, EURELECTRIC is willing to be more involved in the work of the TFEIP and in the Guidebook updating process. 14

15 Possibilities identified by EURELECTRIC to improve the Guidebook EURELECTRIC can provide information to the TFEIP on : Calculation method recommanded by the sector to determine heavy metal emissions from coal DBB Impact of flue gas treatments on organic and trace elements emissions Updated Tier 2 EF Ex : PCDD-PCDF for dry bottom coal boilers Ex : Hg for natural gas turbines Specific Flue Volume (SFV) calculation on going work in the frame of the CEN TC 264 and VGG 15

16 Thank you for your attention 16

17 Chapter 1.A.1.a of the Guidebook Combustion & Industry Expert 17 Panel, TFEIP, Stockholm