The New Kid on the (renewable) block. EESI Briefing Renewable Biogas: Too Valuable to Waste

Transcription

1 The New Kid on the (renewable) block Biogas in Germany By Arne Jungjohann EESI Briefing Renewable Biogas: Too Valuable to Waste Heinrich Böll Foundation North America 1638 R Street, NW, Suite 120 Washington, DC 20009, USA Wednesday, June 16, 2010 Germany: climate/energy targets for % less GHG emissions (270 Mio. Tons) 30% share of renewable energy in electricity 14% share of renewable energy in heating Doubling of energy efficiency > Policies: comprehensive and long term (carbon taxes in 1999, cap&trade in 2005 etc.) Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 2 1

2 Germany: Economic growth and emission reduction is possible Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Umweltbundesamt, AGEB Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 3 Why is Germany moving aggressively towards renewable energies? 1. Fighting climate change 2. Global markets for green technologies 3. New and well paying jobs 4. Energy independence (e.g. Russian natural gas) Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 4 2

3 Total turnover from renewable energy sources in Germany 2009 (investments and operation) Renewable energies = good business Hydropower; EUR 1,420 million; 4.3 % Biomass; EUR 11,400 million; 34.2 % Wind energy; EUR 5,650 million; 16.9 % Geothermal energy 2) ; EUR 1,003 million; 3.0 % Turnovers: - Investments: approx. EUR 17.7 billion - Operation: approx. EUR 15.7 billion total: approx. EUR 33.4 billion Solar energy 1) ; EUR 13,900 million; 41.6 % 1) Photovoltaics and solar thermal energy; 2) Large plants and heat pumps; Deviations in the totals are due to rounding; Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to the Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW); all figures provisional Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 5 Renewable energies = new jobs Jobs in the renewable energy sector in Germany 2004, 2008 und 2009 Wind energy 63,900 87,100 85, ,000 Biomass 56,800 95,800 Solar energy 25,100 74,400 79,600 Hydropower Geothermal energy Public / non-profit - sector jobs 9,000 9,300 9,500 9,300 9,100 1,800 6,500 4,300 3,400 Increase: approx. 87 % 160,500 employments 278,000 employments 300,500 employments ,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90, , ,000 Figures for 2008 and 2009 are provisional estimate; Source: BMU-KI III Projekt "Gross employment from renewable energy in Germany in the year 2009, a first estimate"; Image: BMU / Christoph Busse / transit Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 6 3

4 Electricity generation [GWh] 120,000 Development of electricity generation from renewable energy sources in Germany Feed-in tariffs drive wind, biomass, solar 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 Hydropower Biomass * Wind energy Photovoltaics StrEG: January March 2000 Amendment to BauGB: November 1997 EEG: April 2000 EEG: August 2004 EEG: January * Solid, liquid, gaseous biomass, biogenic share of waste, landfill and sewage gas; Electricity from geothermal energy is not presented due to the negligible quantities of electricity produced; StrEG: Act on the Sale of Electricity to the Grid; BauGB: Construction Code; EEG: Renewable Energy Sources Act; Source: BMU-KI III 1 according to Working Group on Renewable Energies-Statistics (AGEE-Stat); Image: BMU / Christoph Edelhoff; all figures provisional Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 7 Biogas, the new kid on the (renewable) block 1,800 1,600 1,597 1,400 1,271 1,377 Installed Capacity (MW) 1,200 1, , Year Sources: German Biogas Association 2010, istock Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 8 4

5 Biogas in Germany 5,000 installations in 2010 Small (<190 kw) and large Power 3.8 mio households Germany is leading the EU in biogas production Biogas as complimentary energy to wind and pv Source: German Biomass Research Center 2009 Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 9 New Report by HBS: Beyond Biofuels Renewable Energy Opportunities for US Farmers 1. feed in tariff (FIT) for investment certainty 2. A comprehensive national climate and energy strategy 3. Social catalysts like a pro active farm bureau and renewable energy industry lobby (GBA: 1992!); banks and machinery syndicates % RE regions 5. stable farm income; diversification of income; high public support. Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 10 5

6 Transatlantic conclusion on biogas 1. Comprehensive national climate/energy strategy 2. Specific state targets and policies (e.g. FITs). 3. Strong stakeholder networks and strategic alliances (renewable energy industry; agriculture, environmental groups; municipalities). > Biogas roadmap for the US (including issue of sustainability standards). Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 11 Thank you! Arne Jungjohann Heinrich Böll Stiftung (North America) Tel : arne@boell.org Arne Jungjohann, Program Director Environment 6