WP1: Raw materials and chemical composition. WP Leader: Michael Y. Roleda NIBIO

Transcription

1 WP1: Raw materials and chemical composition WP Leader: Michael Y. Roleda NIBIO Partners: SINTEF, CEVA, MATIS

2

3 Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Independent variables 1. Species Søl Palmaria palmata Sukkertang/ Sukkertare Saccharina latissima Michael Y. Roleda Vingetang/ Butare Alaria esculenta

4 Independent variables: 1. Species 2. Site Iceland Norway: Bodø Trondheim France

5 Michael Y. Roleda Independent variables: 1. Species 2. Site 3. Biomass source (Wild vs. Cultivated) Wild biomass Skjerstadfjorden, Bodø ( N, E)

6 MATIS, Iceland: Wild biomass Site: N, W Palmaria palmata Photos provided by: R. Jonsdottir, Matis

7 NIBIO, Norway: IMTA Photos provided by: C. Rebours, NIBIO/MF

8 SINTEF, Norway: Monoculture and IMTA Photos provided by: J. Skjermo, Sintef

9 CEVA, France: Monoculture system Photos provided by: H. Marfaing, CEVA

10 Independent variables: 1. Species 2. Site 3. Biomass source 4. Temporal: (a) season and (b) inter-annual Spring Summer Autumn

11 Independent variables: 1. Species 2. Site 3. Biomass source 4. Temporal: (a) season and (b) inter-annual 5. Tissue age: young vs. old sporophytes

12 Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Young vs. Old sporophytes

13 Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Young vs. Old sporophytes

14 Independent variables: 1. Species 2. Site 3. Wild vs. Cultivated 4. Temporal: (a) season and (b) inter-annual 5. Tissue age: young vs. old sporophytes 6. Depth of cultivation 2, 5, 8 meters

15 Processing Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda - Process 1 kg wet weight - Remove associated species - Wash (full, 50%, and 0 salinity) Michael Y. Roleda

16 Processing Palmaria palmata Processing removes % associated species and sand particles: Seaweeds: Chondrus, Mastocarpus, Fucus spp., juvenile Saccharina, Alaria, Laminaria spp., Acrosiphonia, Bangiales (Porphyra sp.), Desmarestia. Fauna: Bivalves, Caenogastropods, Limpets, Amphipods, Bryozoans (Membranipora sp.) Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda

17 Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Michael Y. Roleda Processing

18 WP2: Products & Processes Drying processes MøreF Fucoxanthin Nibio Iodine Seaweed biomass source and flow of materials WP1: Chemical composition Sintef Amino Acids N (crude protein) CEVA Polyphenols Bulk kelp biomass Freeze-dried powdered biomass WP1: Raw materials/ Biomass source Nibio Wild, IMTA - Saccharina 2015, Alaria 2015, Palmaria 2015, 2016, 2017 Winter 2016, 2017 Sintef Wild, Mono, IMTA - Saccharina 2015, Alaria 2015, Palmaria 2015 CEVA Mono, IMTA - Saccharina 2015, Alaria 2015, 2016 Whole frozen raw biomass WP3: Refined poducts Sintef Matis Processed protein fractions Enzymatic protein extraction WP4: Feeding NMBU SLUU NIBIO Matis Heavy metals Matis Wild - Palmaria 2015, 2016

19 Response variables: 1. Iodine 2. Polyphenols 3. Heavy metals: As, Cd, Hg, Pb 4. Protein (Amino acid profile)

20 Michael Y. Roleda 2015 Iodine: Saccharina latissima, µmol g DW Wild Monoculture May June October 1-Jun 19-Jun May June May June 67 N 63 N 48 N 67 N 63 N 48 N Bodø, Norway Trondheim, Norway CEVA, France

21 Michael Y. Roleda 2015 Iodine: Alaria esculenta, µmol g DW -1 8 Wild IMTA Monoculture May June October May June 1-Jun 19-Jun May June May 67 N N 63 N N 48 N N Bodø, Norway Trondheim, Norway CEVA, France

22 2016 Iodine, µmol g DW -1 Species: Saccharina (40 ± 11) > Alaria (5 ± 2) Seasonality (wild): Spring (18) < Summer (25) < Fall (28) Age among wild: Young (21) > Old (15) Regardless of age: Cultivated (44) > Wild (22) Regardless of site: Monoculture (48) > IMTA (38) Spring (4) Summer (4) > Fall (2) Young (5) > Old (4) Cultivated (5) > Wild (4) Monoculture (5) IMTA (5) Within Monoculture: Norway (48) > France (44) Between depths (Mono): 8m (57) > 5m (53) > 2m (44) 5m (8) > 2m (6) Between depths (IMTA): 8m (35) < 5m (38) > 2m (36) Regardless of cultivation: Trd (7) > Boo (5) > FR (2)

23 Michael Y. Roleda 2015 Iodine: Palmaria palmata, µmol g DW May June September May August June 67 N 65 N 63 N Bodø, MATIS, Trondheim, Norway Iceland Norway 67 N 65 N 63 N

24 2,5 2,0 1,5 Iodine: Palmaria palmata, µmol g DW -1? ,0 0,5 0,0 May June Sept May August Sept June 67 N 65 N 63 N Bodø, Norway MATIS, Iceland Trondheim, Norway

25 2015 Polyphenol: Saccharina latissima, % eq phloroglucinol (dehydrated product) 1.6 Wild Monoculture May June October 1-Jun 19-Jun May June May June 67 N N 63 N N 48 N N Bodø, Trondheim, CEVA, Norway Norway France

26 2015 Polyphenol: Alaria esculenta, % eq phloroglucinol (dehydrated product) 6 Wild IMTA Monoculture May June October May June 1-Jun 19-Jun May June May 67 N N 63 N N 48 N N Bodø, Norway Trondheim, Norway CEVA, France

27 2015 Polyphenol: Palmaria palmata, % eq gallic acid (dehydrated product) May June September May August June 67 N N 65 N N 63 N N Bodø, MATIS, Trondheim, Norway Iceland Norway

28 0,8 Polyphenol: Palmaria palmata, % eq gallic acid (dehydrated product) ,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 May June Sept May August June 67 N 65 N 63 N Bodø, Norway MATIS, Iceland Trondheim, Norway

29 2015 Heavy metals: Saccharina latissima, mg kg -1 Saccharina latissima As sd Cd sd Hg sd Pb sd 67 N Wild May June October N Wild 1-Jun Jun Mono May June N Mono May June

30 2015 Heavy metals: Alaria esculenta, mg kg -1 Alaria esculenta As sd Cd sd Hg sd Pb sd 67 N Wild May June October IMTA May June N Wild 1-Jun Jun Mono May June N Mono May

31 2015 Heavy metals: Palmaria palmata, mg kg -1 Palmaria palmata As sd Cd sd Hg sd Pb sd 67 N May June September N May August N June

32 2015 Protein % Proteins (= N * 6,25) sd % AA Conversion factor 67 N ugn/mg sd Saccharina latissima Wild May June October Alaria esculenta Wild May June October IMTA May June Palmaria palmata Wild May June September

33 % Protein Bodø % Protein (= N * 6,25) Saccharina latissima Wild Spring 13,3 11,5 Y 10,4 O Summer 9,6 12,8 Fall 10,5 9,6 IMTA Summer 6,1 Alaria esculenta Wild Spring 16,7 19,6 Y 13,3 O Summer 12,7 17,0 Y Fall 13,7 11,5 IMTA Spring 12,4 9,1 Summer 12,9 7,7 Palmaria palmata Wild Spring 25,7 23,2 Summer 19,0 21,3 Fall 16,8 18,4

34 Summary: Biochemical composition Species specific Seasonal and spatial variations Tissue age Cultivation depth and persistent emersion