Hydropower WFD and migratory fish

Transcription

1 Environmental Implementation Review Country dialogue Finland, 22 May 2018 Hydropower WFD and migratory fish Jukka Muotka, Senior Advisor, Fortum

2 Hydropower have modified the river ecosystem 2

3 WFD and Hydropower - Significant adverse effect on use Benefit to fish WFD: Member States may designate a body of surface water as artificial or heavily modified, when: The changes to the hydromorphological characteristics necessary for achieving GES would have significant adverse effects on the wider environment or on the specific acticities e.g. Hydropower CIS guidance document 4 Mitigation measures that have significant adverse effect on use are excluded, when values for biological quality elements in maximum and good potential (MEP and GEP) are defined Considering the relevance of mitigation measure for fish fauna like enabling migration Required assessment the adverse effect on hydropower the improvement of values of fish fauna = benefit to fish 3

4 WFD and Hydropower - Significant adverse effect on use Hydropower rights in Finland are private property The ownership of hydropower (= the head and flow) is included to real estates, According to Finnish Water Act Precondition for permit to built and operate HPP is the ownership of hydropower of the site In general permits for hydropower plants are permanent However, conditions of permits (obligations) can be reviewed for environmental reasons If reviewing of discharge and water level obligations have a significant adverse effect on hydropower, the loss shall be compensated Significant effect is site specific, but also member state and even market area specific Electricity systems and role of hydropower differ in MSs and electricity markets 4

5 WFD and Hydropower - The improvement of values of fish fauna The potential to enhance natural life cycle depends on: Existing breeding areas Location of breeding areas Number of hydropower plants between sea/lake and breeding areas Mortality (fishing, natural) in different stages of lifecycle

6 Breeding areas and number of dams Oulujoki 1-7 HPPs, 65 ha Kemijoki 5 HPPs, 2000 ha Kymijoki 0-1 HPPs, > 200 ha 8,5 ha 0-3 ha 35 ha 80 ha 140 ha 5 ha 3 ha 2000 ha Now potential habitats for fry: ha in tributaries Original breeding grounds: 600 ha 8,5 ha 20 ha

7 Migratory Fish Forum Migratory Fish Research Migratory Fish Forum 2010 Discussion forum for authority, hydropower sector and research institutes Promote implementation of fishpass strategy, especially migratory fish research Migratory Fish Umbrella I, ( ) Migratory Fish Umbrella II, ( ) Migratory Fish Umbrella III, ? ( , draft, not agreed yet) Co-financed by Ministry, Research Institutes and hydropower companies Examples of research themes Enhancing efficiency of fish-stocking, improving fish-farming process Enhancing fish-way efficiency Telemetric studies of downstream migration of smolts Ecological flow, habitat modelling of spawning and breeding areas Upstream migration behavior of salmon spawners, downstream migration behavior of salmon smolts. Population model for catchment area view 7

8 Migratory fish, Salmon Population model Lähde: Aki Mäki-Petäys, Luke, esitelmä, Pohjolan vaelluskala- ja kalatiesymposio , Rovaniemi

9 River based solution holistic view Life-cycle of fish population models Breeding areas Number of dams Upstream and downstream migration Fish-ways, trap and transport, other technical solutions Fish farming, fish releasing Fishery restrictions Actions in river basins Implementation: Step by Step 0-3 ha 8,5 ha 5 ha 35 ha 3 ha Now potential habitats for fry: ha in tributaries Original breeding grounds: 600 ha 8,5 ha 10