2015 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in the Netherlands

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1 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme 215 Final Heating & Cooling Demand in the Netherlands Country presentation October 217 Context of the Netherlands 1

2 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme General context Population [1]: 16.8 million 3.3% of EU28 GDP [1]: 663 billion EUR Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 213] 5.1% of EU28 Heating degree days[2] : 2625 HDDs/year 11th warmest of EU28 5rd warmest of the 14 HRE countries 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the datasheet for the Netherlands (216) 2. Eurostat s 215 data on HDDs in the Netherlands (216) General context Energy intensity Total final energy demand (FED) [3]: 564 TWh FED per capita : 33.5 MWh/Capita 6th highest of EU28 5th highest of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources 32.9 TWh Heat Demand Atlas (major population centres are visible [HRE4, 213] 4.5% of EU28 7th highest of EU28 and HRE14 [4] : 5.8% of total FED 26th highest share of EU28 Lowest share of HRE14 Final energy from renewable sources for H&C [4]: 15.6 TWh 5.5% of the total H&C Lowest share of EU28 3. Eurostat s 215 data on annual energy quantities in the Netherlands 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 215 results 2

3 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Climate and emissions The Netherlands have committed to reduce GHG emissions by 16% [5], within the EU Climate and Energy Package Carbon per capita Carbon per GDP [kg CO2/person] [ton CO2/billion EUR] 1, Carbon Emission per tone of energy carrier (carbon intensity) [kg CO2/toe] 2nd highest among the 14 HRE 7th lowest among the 14 HRE 2,198 7th lowest among the 14 HRE 214 data [1] 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the datasheet of the Netherlands (216) 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 46 (29) Current national energy situation 3

4 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Netherlands: H&C energy by purposes H&C comprises half of the final energy demand of the Netherlands. Very little cooling process needs, but very high need for space and process heating Process cooling 4% Other heating 1% 6% Heating and cooling 5% Non-H&C 5% heating 49% Process heating 4% Final Energy Demand for the Netherlands (564 TWh) cooling % Netherlands H&C (284 TWh) 14 HRE: H&C energy by purposes The Netherlands have the 7th highest final energy demand for H&C among the 14 HRE countries. AT BE CZ FI FR DE HU IT Netherlands H&C (284 TWh) NL PL RO heating SE Process heating Other heating UK Process cooling cooling ES

5 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme H&C energy by energy carriers The Netherlands account for only 5% of the EU28 s total delivered H&C demand. Compared to the EU28, the Netherlands use way more gas and other fuels (fossil) while using less biomass, district heating electricity and oil. 8% 1% % % 4% Biomass Electricity District heating Coal 3% 2% 1% % % 7% 6% 9% 42% Others (fossil) Heat pumps Solar thermal Others (RES) 7% 62% Netherlands H&C (284 TWh) EU28 H&C (6,352 TWh) Sectors by purposes and energy carriers Industries in the Netherlands are overwhelmingly dominated by process heating, other sectors by space heating. Its industry relies much more on fossil fuels, especially gas, coal and others (fossil). The residential and service sectors use mostly gas TWh 1 TWh 49 TWh Industry Residential Services heating cooling Process heating Process cooling Other heating TWh 1 TWh 49 TWh Industry Residential Services Solar thermal Others (RES) Others (fossil) Oil Heat pumps (electric) Gas Electricity District heating Coal Biomass 5

6 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Industry sub-sectors by H&C purposes Industry in the Netherlands is overwhelmingly dominated by higher temperature heating processes. Most of this is used for the metals and (petro-) chemical industries 2% 1% 2% % Process heating 1-2 C Process heating 2-5 C 16% Process heating >5 C heating 7 Process heating <1 C cooling 7% Process cooling <-3 C Process cooling-3- C 48% Process cooling -15 C Netherlands industry (134 TWh) Industry sub-sectors by energy carriers 2% 6% To attain such high temperatures, industry in the Netherlands relies on fossil fuels. Biomass only accounts for 2% % % Gas 3% Others (fossil) Coal 9% 42% District heating Electricity 13% Oil Final Energy [TWh] Biomass Others (RES) 25% Solar thermal Netherlands industry (134 TWh) 6

7 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Industry Heating Netherlands Industry uses mostly gas for space heating, although it also uses some district heating and oil Process cooling -15 C Process cooling -3- C Process cooling <-3 C cooling heating Process heating >5 C Process heating 2-5 C Process heating 1-2 C Process heating <1 C Residential sub-sectors by energy carriers Households in the Netherlands use mostly gas for heating Single-family homes lead the way in biomass and district heating 1% % % % 8 6% 5% 4% Gas Biomass Electricity District heating Heat pumps Solar thermal % Oil 1 Netherlands households (1 TWh) Coal cooling Other heating SFH heating SFH MFH heating MFH 7

8 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Service sub-sectors by H&C purposes heating is definitely the main concern for the service sector in the Netherlands. Their only significant cooling needs are from wholesale/retail trade, and some from hospitality facilities. 1% 7% 6% 1% 76% Netherlands services (49 TWh) heating Process cooling Process heating cooling Service sectors by energy carriers Netherlands service sector relies greatly on gas, most of which goes to space heating. All cooling, and process heating, are powered by electricity only. 17% 1% 1% 3% 2% % 4% 72% Netherlands services (49 TWh) Gas Electricity District heating Biomass Oil Heat pumps Solar thermal Coal Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands heating Process heating cooling Process cooling 8

9 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Excess heat sources Excess Heat: At least 155 Twh* Would cover 99% of the final energy demand for heating and Hot water in the Netherlands The biggest excess heat sources are located in the west regions, and especially around Rotterdam metropolitan area. Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 213] * Calculated from the 95 biggest facilities in the Netherlands using Peta 4.2 Heat Synergy Regions 6 regions present a very high potential for district heating 3 regions other present a high potential for district heating Excess Heat Atlas [HRE4, 213] 9

10 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 22 research and innovation programme Main references cited 1. DG Energy s 214 data from the Netherlands datasheet (216) 2. Eurostat s 215 data on HDDs (216) 3. Eurostat s 215 data on annual energy quantities 4. Eurostat s RES Shares 215 results 5. Official Journal of the European Union, Decision No 46 (29) 1