New modern comprehensive solution siemens.cz/waste

Transcription

1 Hazardous waste New modern comprehensive solution siemens.cz/waste

2 How to beat the problem of disposal of infectious waste Filling Grinding Evaporation Heating Waste is placed into the operating chamber in the original packaging in which it was collected sacks, plastic containers, etc. Then the lid is closed. The process of waste grinding is initiated. The mechanical energy is converted into heat and the whole chamber is heating up. Gradually the temperature climbs up to 100 C. At this temperature all moisture is evaporated from the waste. The duration of this phase depends on the water/ liquid contents of the batch. Once all the moisture evaporates, the temperature quickly starts rising up to 151 C The principle of the Converter device The machine is designed as unicameral all processes of decontamination/processing take place in one process chamber which, after being loaded with an adequate quantity of waste in the original waste-sorting packaging, is hermetically sealed. In the initial phase the waste is crushed into small unidentifiable particles. Mechanical energy of the crusher and the blades which constantly rotate, cause an increase in temperature at which moisture contained in the waste evaporates. After reaching the temperature of 100 C the cycle in the device for treatment of municipal waste is terminated without any hazardous properties remaining. The finished product is dried and crushed and its volume is reduced by about 70 %, the weight by about 50 %. In the H-type device, intended for the processing of hazardous waste, the cycle continues by the increase of temperature up to 151 C. Once this temperature is reached, water is injected into the decontamination chamber. At the temperature stated the water immediately becomes a gas steam mixes with particles of waste for the duration of 3 minutes which decontaminates the waste to level IV, The cooling process follows water circulates through a pipe around the decontamination container and thus cooling it to approx. 60 C. Then the completely dry waste ground to small particles of a size of 2 3 mm (without sharp points which could injure an operator when handling) is expelled from the chamber into a prepared container/sack. The whole cycle lasts 30 min. The whole process of decontamination and each phase of it are continuously monitored and recorded. The reduction in the number of viable organisms is indicated by means of biological indicators (geobacilus stearothermophilus)

3 Sterilization Cooling Unloading The temperature is kept at the level of 151 C for 3 minutes. Then water is injected into the chamber where given the high temperature it is immediately turned into steam. Furthermore, the contents of the chamber are stirred, allowing the even decontamination of the entire batch. Then the entire chamber is cooled by water from the heat exchanger to about 60 C and thus the resulting product is reduced to a temperature at which it may be safely removed from the chamber. The pulverized content of the chamber is dispatched via the valve in the bottom of the appliance into a prepared container. inside the chamber there are "pockets" provided for their insertion. The frequency of inspections shall be determined by the operating guidelines in accordance with the approval procedure. In the event of an accident, the failure of mechanism or other unpredictable event, the device is equipped with a chemical container (sodium hypochlorite 5 %), which would be dispatched into the chamber if the machine malfunctions to complete the decontamination. A constant weak vacuum in the chamber also ensures protection against premature escape of particles into the surrounding atmosphere. In case of violation of the integrity of the chamber, air would be more likely suctioned into the chamber than vice versa. All of the expelled air is filtered in the same way as the waste water (with efficiency around %). The level of noise from the appliance is around 80 db. Processing methods of infectious waste Autoclave Incinerator Microwave system Converter Dry waste No Yes No Yes Weight reduction No Yes No Yes Reduction of volume No Yes No Yes Safety No No Yes Yes Without construction modifications No No Yes Yes Emission-free No No Yes Yes Length of the process 60' Continuously 45' Less than 30' Environmentally friendly No No No Yes Easy operation No No No Yes

4 Decontamination of waste codes , , , , , , Expressed in words: diapers, dressings, plasters, paper, used disposable items, needles including special packaging for their collection, syringes, plaster, synthetic materials, plastics, cannulas, filters, boxes, surgical dressings, masks, shields, disposable coats and garments, remnants of tissue, blood bags, urinary bags, remnants of glass test tubes, vials, trays, forgotten or broken instruments, etc. Legislation and the subsequent use of the resulting product The State Health Institute in Prague has assessed the decontamination characteristics of the Converter and issued a favorable opinion regarding its introduction for decontamination of hospital infectious waste provided that a detailed operating procedure is drawn up for specific conditions. The resulting product, which can be stored as normal waste is classified as categories (waste usable as alternative fuel). Construction Requirements Installation of the device does not require any special structural modifications: A sheltered area with a concrete floor will suffice, but being inside a building is preferable Separate storage of hazardous waste according to the valid legislative provisions remains the same as in case of using any other means: unauthorized persons must not be allowed access and storage time periods for untreated waste are unchanged The accompanying documentation shall clarify where the resulting decontaminated product will be stored The device requires connection to the water mains, electricity and a waste-water pipe. Types of devices and their capacity Currently the H100, H200, H400, H1000, H2000 and H5000 types are available. The number indicates the capacity of the chamber in liters.

5 % of volume -50% of the weight * 2000 * Depending on the input humidity Matters of interest... Technical Data Connection to: water, electricity, waste-water pipe Environmentally friendly Safe operation, low operating costs and long-term development-tested technology Input of the waste in the original separator containers, including sacks, containers and plastic boxes Grinding to minute unidentifiable particles without sharp points Suitable for all types of infectious waste: glass, needles, surgical instruments, syringes, plastics, tubing, cannulas, masks, gloves, shields, plasters, dressings, gauze, surgical dressing, blood bags, urinary bags, remnants of blood, tissue, plaster, diapers in the following categories: , , , , , , An option to control the effectiveness of decontamination through biological indicators Backup system: sodium hypochlorite (5 %) Reduction in the volume by 70 %, reduction of weight by 50 % Odorless Decontamination of IV. degree = 10 6 Power consumption: kwh/1 kg Water consumption: Water max. 4 l Noise: 80 db The resulting product is 100 % dry, category : waste usable as alternative fuel H100 Capacity of kg/h Energy consumption 40 kw Voltage 70 and Dimensions of the device x 900 x mm Weight of the device 850 kg Chamber capacity 100 l H200 Capacity of kg/h Energy consumption 75 kw Voltage 140 A Dimensions of the device x x mm Weight of the device 1,420 kg Chamber capacity 200 l

6 Subsequent use of the decontaminated waste as a fuel Decontamination of infectious waste at the place of origin Transport of decontaminated waste as that of being without hazardous properties Collection of decontaminated waste for recovery Decontaminated infectious waste from the Converter is a dry mixture containing crushed parts of cellulose, textiles, plastics and other substances which were contained in the treated waste. The newly-created waste is now classified as which is waste that can be utilized as alternative fuel. The resulting decontaminated waste falls into the RDF category (Refuse-derived fuel) or TAP (Hard alternative fuel). The mixture has a calorific value of brown coal and therefore may be advantageously processed further, preferably at the place of its generation or within the complex of buildings. In the case of holdings where there are a number of health facilities in different cities collection may be organized of decontaminated waste to one common point where appropriate combustion plant may be installed. With regard to the fact that the mixture also contains fragments of plastic, it must be burned in a special incinerator which is designed to handle such fuel composition. The process of combustion takes place at temperatures higher than 800 C and therefore there are no undesirable toxic emissions. Thus generated heat is of course utilized for heating of the medical facility, or can be utilized by means of a heat exchanger for cooling of the hospital. The time course of hazardous waste treatment RDF/TAP teplota ( C) 151 C 100 C čas (minuty) Phase Process 1 Filling 2 Shredding/Grinding Cement Cementárny plants Power Elektrárny plants (spalování společně s uhlím) (incineration together with coal) Pyrolysis Spalovny 3 Heating 4-5 Heating to a higher temp. 6 Decontamination 7 Cooling 8 Unloading

7 Environmentally-friendly treatment of decontaminated waste Recovery of heat generated for heating purposes Recovery of heat generated for cooling purposes During the process of decontamination of infectious waste heating with subsequent cooling of the Converter contents takes place. Heated coolant water must be continuously on tap. This takes place in a cooling tower or in a dry cooler. A suitable alternative is an installation of a cooling circuit by means of a heat exchanger into the existing heating system, where it can be used for example for preheating of the water. This solution represents significant energy savings. If the medical facility has no suitable location for the Converter, a solution is possible by installing a container. This is a normal container that is fully-adapted for the installation of the technological device for decontamination of infectious waste. Advantages of decontamination using the Converter: Decontamination at the site of waste generation Overall reduction of the ADR transports of up to 70 % Reduction of risk during transport Emission-free decontamination of waste Reduction of volume and weight of waste Simple operation

8 Contact: Siemens, s.r.o. Siemensova Praha 13 Lenka Navrátilová Team assistant of the Energy Services Dept. Phone: , epc.cz@siemens.com Contact person: Ing. Leoš Grelich Phone: leos.grelich@siemens.com