Phosphorus recovery & recycling

Transcription

1 Phosphorus recovery & recycling Bridging the gap & closing the loop by Christian Kabbe Bringing technologies to life

2 OUR CAPABILITIES Generation, evaluation and execution of innovation Generate Opportunity Evaluate Opportunity Execute Opportunity TAG Innovation Hubs Market Scoping Horizon Scans Due Diligence Technology Trials Business Case Business/Market Strategy Business Development Partner Innovation Partner Investment, R&D, Tax People and Culture

3 AGENDA Right to ask or choose? Nutrient recovery from sewage / sludge / ash Market & Regulation Outlook Joseph Wright of Derby: Henning Brand discovering phosphorus in 1669

4 Do we know and have a right to choose TOGETHER WE ARE REVOLUTIONISNG THE WAY??? EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND SUSTAINALE SOLUTIONS ARE COMMERCIALISED Kabbe 2018 what s in our food and where it comes from?

5 Sewage TOGETHER (sludge) WE ARE is a REVOLUTIONISNG renewable THE resource WAY EMERGING still waiting TECHNOLOGIES to be tapped AND SUSTAINALE to it s full SOLUTIONS potential! ARE COMMERCIALISED 14/06/2018 isleutilities.com

6 Relevant bio-based waste streams - in Europe [kton P/year] Total Recycled Potential Sewage sludge Biodegradable solid waste Meat & bone meal Total Manure recycling = Mineral fertiliser use = Van Dijk & OeOverview of phosphorus flows in wastes in Europe, 2013, Fertilisers Europe seminar, 6 Feb Updated Van Dijk et al. 2015nema Sewage (sludge) is the second most relevant renewable waste stream for P recovery & recycling in Europe!

7 Pillars of Nutrient Recovery & Recycling ~38% ~62% food fertiliser / agriculture us sewage nutrients Dewatered sludge / Biosolids N & P recovery from aqueous phase P recovery from solid phase / ashes WWTP sewage sludge Challenge: Enabling techn. alternatives to complement /compensate traditional route!

8 Sewage Sludge - Destinations in Europe - Diversity 100% 90% 80% Percentage of sludge use/disposal route 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Other Storage Landfill Incineration Landscaping Green Areas Forestry Agriculture 10% 0% AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GR HU IE IT LT LU LV MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK UK European Country Sources: EurEau 2016, EUROSTAT 2016, DESTATIS 2016, BAFU 2016 Total sludge quantity covered: appr. 10 million tons of dry solids per year!

9 Hotspots for P recovery & Recycling grit chamber primary clarification aeration secondary clarification influent effluent waste activated sludge P re-dissolving pre-treatment agriculture thickening 2c process water 2b 1 biogas dewatering 2a 3 anaerobic digestion Integrated in WWTP Site by Site incineration Downstream WWTP Clusters

10 Visible Approaches & Solutions Amended from P-REX and Kraus

11 Global implementation - frequently updated and soon an ISLE online solution

12 2 nd Gen. Nutrient Recovery Cascades for P & N + Energy Primary Sludge Biogas to CHP Dewatered Sludge Digestion Dewatering Waste Activated Sludge Digestion Thermal hydrolysis Predewatering Source: amended from Kraus 2016 Return Load H 2 SO 4 or HNO 3 NaOH N recovery DAS or AN MgCl 2 Struvite Crystallization Struvite More than 50 struvite inst. globally Feasible due to operational benefits integrative Synergies with enhanced energy eff. Multi nutrient recovery Short ROI

13 The thermal route phoenix from the ashes rather centralised due to economy of scale Requires undiluted thermal sludge treatment (incineration or pyrolysis) Premium ashes suitable for direct implementation in fertiliser production -> (high in P, low in Fe, Al, Si, Cl ) In future in Germany > t SSA > t P Challenges: P content Heavy metal content HM depletion Source: Kraus 2016 acc. Krüger & Adam 2014

14 Germany substantial increase of mono-inc. Currently appr. 665 kt DS monoincineration capacity (municipal sludge) After 2029/32 at least kt DS capacity needed (Ecoprog 2017) Most new capacities between 2022 and 2027 (already +480 kt DS in prep. announced) -> future SSA quantity > 500 kt/a Outotec

15 Two-Stage EUPHORE Process Mutual incin. & recovery Pilots in DE and CH Zero waste o Customized fertiliser? o Site specific products o HM reduction Source: EUPHORE GmbH

16 Glatt SeraPlant Suspend Granulate Sell Ash + H 3 PO 4 + other nutrients Spray granulation Customized product Source: SERAPLANT Robust and simple Zero waste o Customized, commercial fertiliser? No HM depletion, Limitation to premium ash

17 Ash2 Phos EasyMining Sweden AB Commercial HQ products Commercial HQ by-products Independent of Fe/Al Real decontamination Robust and simple!!! No heat, pressure or evapor.! No I-EX Demo (Helsingborg, 2018) Upscaling in preperation Source:

18 Keys to Success Only technologies, yielding homogenous products or raw materials, independent from input material quality and mutually meeting both criteria, energy efficiency and resource efficiency will have a chance for wide-spread application under sustainability aspects. Keys: Heavy metal depletion (high quality products) Moderate energy (and chemicals) consumption (cost) Market for known recovered P (commercial products) (real value and price) Kabbe 2017

19 TOGETHER An enabling WE ARE REVOLUTIONISNG regulatory framework THE WAY can accelerate EMERGING the TECHNOLOGIES market uptake AND succeeding SUSTAINALE in a SOLUTIONS shift from ARE market COMMERCIALISED push to pull 14/06/2018 isleutilities.com

20 No Recycling without Value Chains Recovery End-of-Waste border line Recycling Other industries Household, industry WWTP Raw material Fertiliser Fertiliser Agriculture Supply Cost? Profits? Demand Waste, raw material or product? -> Question of volume, homogenity and still of origin! Sludge organic fertiliser Struvite NP fertiliser in some MS (proven good fert. eff.) DCP approved P fertiliser (component) Ash generally barely plant available, rather raw material processing needed MAP/DAP main N&P components in fertiliser production (commodities) MGP / P 4 commercial products with broad application (commodities) (Biochar) actually Pyrochar! No fertiliser! Soil improver?

21 OSTARA s Value Chain Solution Source: OSTARA

22 Definition of End-of-Waste for CMC and PFC EU fertiliser reg. EC 2003/2003 EU organic EC 834/2007 EC 889/2008 Member States UNIT D2 GROW: Fertiliser WG IPTS STRUBIAS ( ) Stakeholder (NGOs and individuals)

23 Germany new fertilising ordinance (DÜV) limits nutrient loads applied to land and acutely reduces sludge disposal capacities -> cost explosion! 2017 new fertiliser ordinance (DÜMV) sets stricter quality criteria (less sludge is catching up) 2017 new sewage sludge ordinance (AbfKlärV) enters into force 2023 all WWTP have to submit sludge management concepts considering P recovery 2029 P recovery oblig. for all WWTP above 100,000 p.e. (ban from land application) 2032 P recovery oblig. for all WWTP > 50,000 p.e. o Even smaller WWTP have to recover P, if no land application possible o On-site WWTP: P recovery to deplete below 20 g P/kg DM or at least by 50% o After thermal-pretreatment recoverable separate storage of ash/concentrate or recovery process with >80% recovery rate o o o o What is missing? No marketable recycling concepts included No measure to secure proper ash quality (all sludge can be inc. in mono-inc.) Reverence value for P should refer to mineral sludge phase, not to DM Who pays for what? (Inc. and recovery from ash monopoly?)

24 Wisdom just TOGETHER written on WE paper ARE REVOLUTIONISNG will be dust THE one WAY day; Only EMERGING the wisdom TECHNOLOGIES applied will AND SUSTAINALE shape SOLUTIONS our future! ARE COMMERCIALISED 14/06/2018 isleutilities.com

25 Wrap-up & Outlook Key driver for recovery in EU is nutrient surplus in industrial countries (not scarcity) Sewage sludge already is and will be more pushed out of land appl. by farm residues (trend towards incineration in more and more countries) Given strategic importance: EU-P needs to be recycled as long as possible Some countries adapt legislation (CH, DE) to foster P recovery, others will follow Start with lowest hanging fruits and tap synergies! No recycling without value chains! Legal frame needs to enable! Border crossing value chains (ash exports!) Phosphorus must not be considered in isolation (N, C ) We have to accelerate market uptake of recovery & recycling technologies and products

26 CONTACT US Cruquiusweg LS Heemstede The Netherlands Ignaz.Worm@isleutilities.com Christian.Kabbe@isleutilities.com Bastian.Piltz@isleutilities.com

27 Thank you Bringing technologies to life