Biomass District Hea.ng Systems design: The Grevena city case study

Transcription

1 Biomass District Hea.ng Systems design: The Grevena city case study E;hymios Giagozoglou Giagozoglou E2hymios, Vaios Christos, Dallas Evangellos, Dimitriadou Evanthia, Koilani>s Theodoros, Davos Nikolaos, Dounas Alekos, Donas Ioannis, Tsaknakis Georgios, Tsiamitros Dimitrios Website: EinB th Interna2onal Conference ENERGY in BUILDINGS 2016

2 Outline 1. Project objec>ve 2. Available types, quality and quan>ty of local biomass 3. Biomass supply cost 4. Poten>al use of locally available dry lignite 5. Thermal load analysis 6. Exis>ng thermal produc>on units in the area 7. District hea>ng network design 8. Applied biomass units technologies and energy mixture scenarios 9. Conclusions

3 Project objec.ve The provision of thermal energy for urban use in the city of Grevena via a district hea>ng scheme using local, environmentally friendly biomass fuel. Aim of the study To es>mate the possibility of implemen>ng a biomass district hea>ng system for the city of Grevena and suggest the appropriate solu>on in both technical and economical terms.

4 Available types, quality and quan.ty of local biomass Data on biomass poten>al were obtained from the local authori>es of Forests and Agriculture Forest and agricultural Biomass Compe>>ve uses of biomass (husbandry, firewood commerce etc) were considered Local Biowaste produc>on (whey ~ tn/annum, sludge~500 tn/annum, animal remains ~ 350 tn/annum) was not considered. Type of biomass Availability (in tn) Wheat residues ,00 Corn residues ,00 Energy plants Wooden biomass ,00 Forestry residues tns/annum available~ mwh Regional Unit of Grevena-Use of land

5 Biomass supply cost Data on fuel cost were obtained : For wooden biomass, by the prices that are determined by the Ministry of Energy and Environmental Protec>on. For agricultural residues, by their supply cost for other compe>>ve use and by similar calls for tender from other district hea>ng organiza>ons. For oil, by the Ministry of Environment and Energy, Observatory of fuel prices For natural gas, by the Natural Gas Companies of Thessaly and Thessaloniki Type of biomass Cost including transfer VAT excl. ( / tn) Pellets 200,00 Wheat residues 60,00 Corn residues 40,00 Wooden biomass 75,00-81,00 Type of biomass Cost including transfer VAT excl. ( / MWh)* Pellet 56,14 Wheat residues 24,00 Corn residues 17,00 Wooden biomass 23,00-24,50 Oil 76,00-91,00 Natural Gas 50,00 Lignite (PPC) 16,00 Dry lignite 23,50 *85% boiler efficiency The highest biomass supply cost for Grevena city is ~25 /MWh of produced energy

6 Poten.al use of locally available dry lignite Dry lignite is the result of processing the natural lignite, which is submided to milling and drying new commercial product upgraded characteris>cs high energy content low humidity ease of storing and transferring burned in solid fuels and natural gas burning units Could be produced in the Lignite Center of West Macedonia Dry lignite can be used as the peak-reserve unit fuel of the proposed project, instead of oil thus reducing the final energy cost Lignite feeding (tank at the lei side) at an exis2ng installa2on [

7 Thermal load analysis To determine the thermal load characteris>cs of the city, the following were taken into considera>on: Spa>al distribu>on of buildings Exis>ng building volume Building shell characteris>cs Spa>al distribu>on of popula>on Es>ma>on of popula>on evolu>on Popula>on evolu>on Popula>on (2011): Popula>on (2016): Popula>on (2035): % of the population is spotted at the 1/3 of the city s surface.

8 Thermal load analysis Building volume evolu>on Examined period: 20 years ( ) Surface/inhabitant ra>o: 56,88 m2 Volume / inhabitant ra>o: 159,26 m3 ü Building volume (2016): 2,19x10 6 m3 ü Building volume (2035): 2,75x10 6 m3 Spa>al building distribu>on Categoriza>on of buildings according to number of floors-3d view

9 Thermal load analysis Thermal load evolu>on Load / inhabitant ra>o for zone A (high density): 0, MW/ inhabitant Load / inhabitant ra>o for zone B (Low density): 0, MW/ inhabitant Normalized thermal power for new buildings: 50 W/m 2 Load/inhabitant ra>o for new buildings: 0, MW/inhabitant ü Building thermal load evolu>on ü 2016: 71,53 MW ü 2035:81,52 MW Thermal load evolu.on (MW) Categoriza>on of buildings according to thermal load-3d view

10 Thermal load analysis Projec>on of thermal load evolu>on ü Thermal load (2016): 71,53 MW ü Thermal load (2035):81,52 MW Considering the inhabitants daily ac>vi>es, the maximum expected daily thermal load (peak load) will not exceed the 70 % of the installed thermal load. Moreover, for the determina>on of the nominal thermal power of the unit, 2 MW of thermal losses are considered. ü DHS nominal thermal power evolution 2016: 52,07 MW 2035: 59,06 MW

11 Exis.ng thermal produc.on units in the area There are three wood processing units in the area that can supply wood biomass or thermal energy to the biomass district hea>ng network: The first one can supply tn of wooden biomass per month (wood chips) or inject thermal heat directly to the district hea>ng network with an installed capacity of 18,6 MWth. The second one can supply 100 tn of wooden biomass per month (wood chips) while the third one can supply 250 tn of wooden biomass per month (wood chips) at the price of 30 / tn.

12 District hea.ng network design DHS network characteris>cs closed loop two pipes (flow and return) pre-insulated pipes installed underground - ΕΝ253 PN 25atm,130 C. Connec>on of buildings indirect connec>on heat exchangers DHS cost is estimated to k

13 Applied biomass units technologies and energy mixture Determination of the heat production unit and energy mixture via comparative analysis of alternative investment scenarios. Proposed heat production method: combustion Danish Energy Agency,Energinet BASIC ASSUMPTIONS Investment normalized costs: Solid fuel boilers (k /ΜWth): 230,00 Oil boiler (k /ΜWth): 40,00 Normalized costs of fuels: Local biomass ( /ΜWh): 20,00 Dry lignite ( /ΜWh): 20,03 Oil ( /ΜWh): 94,55 Thermal load evolu2on: Maximum thermal load (2016) (MW): 71,53 Maximum thermal load in 20years (MW): 81,52 Peak load (2016) (MW): 52,07 Peak load in 20 years (MW): 59,06 Thermal energy demand Thermal energy demand (2016) (MWh): Thermal energy demand (2035)(MWh):

14 Applied biomass units technologies and energy mixture Scenario No Biomass (MW) Dry lignite (MW) Oil (MW) # ,06 # ,06 # ,06 # ,06 # ,06 # ,06 # ,06 0,0 MAIN RESULTS Investment cost (VAT excl) 27,2 M to 38,6M Average fuel cost (VAT excl) 23,13 /ΜWh to 57,17 /ΜWh End user energy price (VAT excl) 42,84 /ΜWh to 76,48 /ΜWh

15 Applied biomass units technologies and energy mixture Proposed investment Scenario: No2 biomass boilers 30MWth-base load boilers (two boilers of 15 MWth each) oil boiler of 29,06MW (peak load unit) encouraging also the co-burning of biomass and dry lignite in the base load boilers. The peak load unit has an average contribution of 4,9% of the system thermal energy demand for the 20 years period, while the rest 95,1% of the system thermal energy demand is produced in the base unit. Proposed investment scenario characteristics DHS cost :22 M Heat production unit: 8 M Total investment cost: 30 M Average fuel cost (VAT excl) 27,33 /ΜWh End user energy price (VAT excl) 45,66 /ΜWh Average base unit fuel: MWh tns of biomass Average peak unit fuel: 6.889MWh 578 tns of oil

16 Conclusions The proposed types of locally available biomass are: Agriculture biomass (wheat and corn cul>va>on residues, energy plants), Wooden biomass, Dry lignite, from the West Macedonia region, as a mixture with the biomass sources. Biomass supply cost: Maximum supply cost of the local biomass is determined to 25,00 /MWh. Compared to natural gas (50,00 /MWh) and oil (91,00 /MWh), it is s>ll very adrac>ve. Local economy is enhanced, since local products are fully exploited leading to a closed-circle energy economy. Thermal load and district hea.ng network: The installed thermal load is es>mated to 81.52MW. The district hea>ng system nominal thermal power is es>mated to 59,06 MW Energy source mixture and selected technology boilers: Biomass boilers of total capacity 30MWth as base load boilers (two boilers of 15 MWth each) and one oil boiler of 29,06MW (peak -reserve unit), encouraging also the co-burning of biomass-dry lignite in the base load boilers. Project cost: The project cost is es>mated to ,48 k The usual progress of such an investment indicates that the 77% of the popula>on is covered by the ini>al investment (22.800,00 K + VAT). The final price for the end-costumer is expected to reach the 50 % of the price using oil as energy source (prices 2015).

17 Biomass District Hea.ng Systems design: The Grevena city case study E;hymios Giagozoglou EinB th Interna2onal Conference ENERGY in BUILDINGS