Unravelling the Ecology of Non-native Species to inform strategy. Helen Roy and many more

Transcription

1 Unravelling the Ecology of Non-native Species to inform strategy Helen Roy and many more

2 Species introduced (aided by humans) outside native range Non-Native Species Henosepilachna argus

3 Invasive Non-Native Species Harmonia axyridis Non-Native Species that threatens biodiversity, ecosystems or the way we live

4 Mean number of species Non-Native Species in Europe The problem: rate of invasion of alien species is increasing, and so are the associated costs to society, the economy and biological diversity INNS cost Europe >12 billion / year (based on documented impact of 125 IAS out of over thousand considered as invasive in Europe) Date

5 Hottentot fig home and away

6 Hottentot fig home and away

7 Mean number of species Climate and invasion = deadly duo? INNS cost Europe >12 billion / year (based on documented impact of 125 IAS out of over thousand considered as invasive in Europe) Date

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9 There remains a high proportion of emerging alien species we have yet to encounter 25% of first records during were of species that had not been previously recorded anywhere as alien

10 Introduction Unravelling patterns of invasion Establishment Early et al (2016) Nature Communications DOI: /ncomms12485

11 Chapman D, Purse B V, Roy H E, Bullock J M. Global trade networks determine the distribution of invasive non-native species. Global Ecology Biogeography 2017;00:1 11.

12 Action Against Invasive Non-Native Species

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14 Documenting invasions in Britain - GBNNSIP

15 Scorecard 2017 for Great Britain 1506 established non-native plants 469 established non-native animals 273 established non-native species designated as having negative ecological or human impact: 101 (6.7%) established non-native plants 172 (36.7%) established non-native animals Roy et al. (2014) Biological Invasions; Roy et al. (2017) Tracking changes in the introduction and distributions of non-native species in Great Britain. Final Report - Defra

16 B6 Invasive Non-Native Species

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18 GB Top 10 Asian hornet Vespa velutina Terrestrial predator Native to China Arrived in pottery consignment Bordeaux, France in 2004

19 Asian hornet arrived September 2016

20 GB Top 20 - Argentine ant Linepithema humile Ecosystem engineer

21 Engaging people in surveillance and monitoring

22 Alien Alerts Biological record Database Expert verifier Yes Record verified? No Stakeholders informed Action

23 Asian Hornet Watch

24 Non-Native Species Alerts

25 A system to address invasive alien species should be underpinned by a centralised information system collating the existing information on alien species in the Union and allowing access to information on the presence of species, their spread, their ecology, invasion history and all other information necessary to underpin policy and management decisions and allowing also the exchange of best practices.

26 Developing the list of IAS of Union concern

27 Prioritising species for risk assessment

28 Minimum standards Invasion Stage Management Minimum standards for risk assessment Containment Mitigation Prevention Eradication Evidence for ecosystem service impacts Consideration of climate change Socio-economic impacts Transport Introduction Establishment 10. Data limitations 11. Documents information sources 12. Provides a summary in a consistent and interpretable form 13. Includes uncertainty 14. Includes quality assurance 1. Basic species description and overview 2. Likelihood of invasion 4. Assessment of introduction pathways Spread 3. Likelihood of invasion 5. Assessment of impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems 6. Assessment of impact on ecosystem services 7. Assessment of socioeconomic impacts 8. Consideration of status (threatened or protected) of species or habitat under threat

29 Thinking about pathways a) Taxonomic groups Other alien species High-impact IAS Percentage of species Percentage of species 60 Just published: Guide to Pathway Terminology 20 (European Commission 0 0 Plants Verteb. Inverteb. Algae Fungi Other Plants Verteb. Inverteb. Algae Fungi Other n=458 n=1633 n=191 n=10 n=6 n=17 n=35 n=31 n=24 n=2 n=3 n=4 intentional unintentional both intentional unintentional both b) Environments Other alien species High-impact IAS Percentage of species Percentage of species terrestrial n=840 freshwater n=638 marine n=478 multiple n=355 0 terrestrial n=64 freshwater n=13 marine n=6 multiple n=16 intentional unintentional both intentional unintentional both Saul et al. (in press) Journal of Applied Ecology

30 Variation in the importance of pathways Essl et al. (2015) Crossing frontiers in tackling pathways of biological invasions. Bioscience: biv082

31 Number of species ikely pathways of arrival for EU horizon scanning species RELEASE IN NATURE TRANSPORT STOWAWAY TRANSPORT CONTAMINANT ESCAPE FROM CONFINEMENT Pathway of arrival CORRIDOR UNAIDED MEDIUM HIGH VERY HIGH

32 UK Ladybird Survey

33 Engaging people in non-native species ecology

34 Surveillance and monitoring invasions Harmonia axyridis

35 Impacts of harlequin ladybirds

36 % pupae parasitised Escape from natural enemies Harmonia axyridis Coccinella septempunctata

37 Ten years of invasion in Britain

38 Going global

39 3578m a.s.l.

40 unravelling ecology together

41 Forthcoming field guide

42 Citizen science and alien species For many countries, the efficiency of invasion monitoring can be improved by inclusion into preexisting biodiversity monitoring schemes. Countries may capitalize on citizen science, as well as emerging online and remote technologies in data capture to improve records of invasions. For all countries the goal should be to provide at regular intervals (at least every five years) alien species occurrence data corresponding to their maximum level of resolution, be it for the national inventory, priority sites, spatial extent, or the national distribution of occurrence of a priority set of taxa.

43 Citizen science excellent science and engagement

44 Summary Importance of global collaborations Sharing information Engaging people Predicting invasions

45 Thank you Trevor Renals