Progress on the MYRRHA project Status at the end of 2017 new implementation plan towards start of construction

Transcription

1 Progress on the MYRRHA project Status at the end of 2017 new implementation plan towards start of construction Hamid AÏT ABDERRAHIM on behalf of MYRRHA Team Director of MYRRHA Project or International Conference on Sustainable Development through Nuclear Research and Education NUCLEAR2018, Pitesti, Romania, May 23-25, 2018

2 Outline What is & why MYRRHA MYRRHA Reactor Present status MYRRHA Accelerator Specific requirements MYRRHA Pre-Licensing & Licensing status Phased implementation & high level planning Conclusion 2

3 What is & Why MYRRHA Source: 3

4 Key technical objective of the MYRRHA-project: an Accelerator Driven System MYRRHA An Accelerator Driven System Demonstrate the ADS concept at pre-industrial scale Can operate in critical and sub-critical modes Demonstrate transmutation Fast neutron source multipurpose and flexible irradiation facility Target main reaction spallation output n/s material LBE (coolant) Accelerator particles protons beam energy 600 MeV beam current 2.4 to 4 ma Reactor power 65 to 100 MW th k eff 0,95 spectrum fast coolant LBE 4

5 MYRRHA R&D applications portfolio SNF*/ Waste Fission GEN IV Multipurpose hybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications Fusion Fundamental research *SNF = Spent Nuclear Fuel Radio-isotopes SMR LFR Source: SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team, MYRRHA Business Plan 5

6 Transmutation is the better solution for Spent Nuclear Fuel SNF 1000 transmutation of spent fuel spent fuel reprocessing no reprocessing ~300 year +10,000 year +300,000 year Natural Uranium 1 *SNF = Spent Nuclear Fuel Duration Reduction 1.000x Volume Reduction 100x Source: European Commission Strategy Paper on Partitioning & Transmutation (2005), SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 6

7 Three options for Minor Actinide transmutation Studied in ARCAS FP7 project EU is presently considering two approaches for transmutation: via FR or ADS FR heterogeneous FR homogeneous ADS Driver fuel Blanket with MA Fuel with MA Blanket Fuel with MA Core safety parameters limit the amount of MA that can be loaded in the critical core for transmutation, leading to transmutation rates of: FR = 2 to 4 kg/twh ADS = 35 kg/twh (based on a 400 MW th EFIT design) 7

8 Even with completely different national NE policies European solution for HLW works with ADS Spent fuel A Reprocessing A Reprocessing B Pu + MA MA ADS fuel fabrication Pu + MA ADS fuel reprocessing ADS Spent fuel ADS GROUP A SHARED REGIONAL FACILITIES Advantages for A ADS shared with B ADS burn A s Pu& MA Smaller Fu-Cycle units & shared Pu MOX Fabrication UOX Fabrication Enriched U PWR MOX PWR UOX Spent fuel B GROUP B Scenario 1 objective: elimination of A s spent fuel by 2100 A = Countries Phasing Out, B = Countries Continuing Advantages for B ADS shared with B ADS burn B s MA A s uses B s Pu (part) as resource in FR FR fleet not contam with MA s Smaller Fu-Cycle units & shared 8

9 MYRRHA Reactor Present status Source: 9

10 Pool-type: MYRRHA rev. 1.6 at the End of 2014 Size reduction Po issue O 2 concentration control Optimisation requested 10

11 Option 0-D: evolution of existing design with innovative heat exchangers Layout of main components 11

12 MYRRHA reactor design update Four MYRRHA primary system design options investigated to reduce the dimension of the reactor vessel (& associated cost) Option Reactor type Description 0 Pool Updated rev. 1.6 Innovative IVFHM & double-walled PHX 1 Pool Reduced size Innovative IVFHM & double-walled PHX Option 0 is now the reference design under further optimisation 2 Loop Bottom loading Existing IVFHM concept & external doublewalled PHX 3 Loop Top loading 12

13 MYRRHA Accelerator Specific requirements Source: 13

14 MYRRHA linac: Design frozen since

15 15 Specific requirements of MYRRHA Accelerator High power proton beam (up to 2.4 MW) Proton energy 600 MeV Beam current Repetition rate 0.1 to 4.0 ma CW, 250 Hz Beam duty cycle 10-4 to 1 Beam power stability Beam footprint on reactor window Beam footprint stability # of allowed beam trips on reactor longer than 3 sec # of allowed beam trips on reactor longer than 0.1 sec # of allowed beam trips on reactor shorter than 0.1 sec < ± 2% on a time scale of 100ms Circular 85mm < ± 10% on a time scale of 1s 10 maximum per 3-month operation period 100 maximum per day unlimited Extreme reliability level: MTBF > 250 hrs 15

16 Phase MeV ( 25-30) Phase 3 Reactor ( 25-30) Phase MeV ( 18-24) MYRRHA s phased implementation strategy LEBT 0.03 MeV 1.5 MeV 5.9 MeV RFQ RT-CH sec on SC-CH sec on 17 MeV MEBT 70 kw dump # MeV Spoke linac MHz 48 cav., l=73 m Benefits of phased approach: RT-CH cavity SC-CH cavity #2 Reducing technical risk Spreading investment cost LEBT 4-rod RFQ thermal mockup SC-CH cavity spoke cryomodule single spoke cavity power coupler cold tuning system First R&D facility available in Mol end of element ellip cal cavity ellip cal cavity envelope with cold tuning mechanism design of the test cryomodule for the ellip cal cavity 700 MHz Solid State RF amplifier prototyping Source:SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 16

17 Accelerator present focus on prototyping & demonstration Ion source LEBT Chopper RFQ CH NC cavities Single spoke cryomodules Elliptical cryomodules 17

18 Focus in Phase 1 : 100 MeV accelerator: to prepare production in series 2020 on A selection of past R&D topics, already proto-typed Components along the linac kw dump #1 1 2 #2 5 4 Global items: Solid State amplifiers, LLRF, controls,... Source: SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 18

19 Ion source LEBT Chopper 19

20 RFQ Radiofrequency quadrupole First accelerating structure 4--rod 30keV 1.5MeV 176.1MHz 4m long aluminium structure Stems: OFHC Copper &Thick copper plating Complex water cooling system 20

21 CH room temperature cavities Second accelerating section 1.5MeV 17MeV 176.1MHz Stainless steel structures Thin copper plating 21

22 Single spoke cavity cryomodules 22

23 Single spoke cavity 23

24 Elliptical cavity cryomodules Fourth and fifth accelerating section 100MeV 600MeV Superconducting RF structures MeV: double spoke or elliptical cavities (352.2 or 704.4MHz) MeV: elliptical cavities (704.4MHz) 2 cavity cryomodules: ~ 3m long 4 cavity cryomodules: ~ 8m long 24

25 MYRRHA Pre-Licensing & Licensing status Source: 25

26 Licensing: Approach Pre-licensing phase For a complex nuclear installation relying on new technologies like MYRRHA To timely communicate on design development and its expectations in terms of nuclear safety and security requirements, and safeguards provision By implementing instruments providing guidance to the owner/designer Approach Identification and evaluation of Focus Points (FPs), new or not mature enough issues specific to MYRRHA that may have an impact on the safety of the facility by jeopardizing any of the safety functions Elaboration of a Design Options and Provisions File (DOPF) = pre-psar 26

27 Licensing: Design Options and Provisions File Volume 1: Purpose and description of the MYRRHA installation Facility system components, modes of operation, codes & standards, and other operational aspects. Interaction with site & environment Volume 2: Approach to the nuclear safety Rules for safety demonstration and for determining the radiological consequences of accidents (check compliance with safety demo criteria) Volume 3: Design options, selected provisions and their justification Initiating events and their categorization into plant states, main design options and their justification, preliminary safety analyses Volume 4: Management system for safety of the installation For the time being, only restricted to the design phase. To be extended later on for the construction and operation phases Volume 5: Security and Safeguards Integrated Approach 27

28 Status FPs (end 2017) 46 deliverables have been accepted 50 deliverables are still in evaluation or in Q&A iterations 5 deliverables should still be delivered this year 69 deliverables are scheduled to be issued after

29 Licensing: Conclusions A fully consistent and coherent design of the MYRRHA primary system was obtained Focus is shifting towards realization of prototypes of (sub-) components A large MYRRHA R&D supporting programme (with the support and in-kind contribution of international partners) generated between 2010 and 2017 important results Significant progress has been achieved in the pre-licensing framework with the Belgian Safety Authorities First opinion on licensability (of full MYRRHA) received in November 2017 Licensing of MYRRHA Accelerator 100 MeV started in

30 Phased implementation plan & high-level planning Source: 30

31 Phase MeV Phase 3 Reactor Phase MeV MYRRHA s phased implementation strategy LEBT 0.03 MeV 1.5 MeV 5.9 MeV RFQ RT-CH sec on SC-CH sec on 17 MeV MEBT 70 kw dump # MeV Spoke linac MHz 48 cav., l=73 m Benefits of phased approach: RT-CH cavity SC-CH cavity #2 Reducing technical risk Spreading investment cost LEBT 4-rod RFQ thermal mockup SC-CH cavity spoke cryomodule single spoke cavity power coupler cold tuning system First R&D facility available in Mol end of element ellip cal cavity ellip cal cavity envelope with cold tuning mechanism design of the test cryomodule for the ellip cal cavity 700 MHz Solid State RF amplifier prototyping Source:SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 31

32 MINERVA Schematic view of the facility A 100 MeV accelerator that by design has: continuous and high intensity proton beams extreme reliability 100 MeV proton linac Superconducting section 11 m 2 m 4 m 25 m 100 MeV Front-End 73 m Redirect a fraction of the proton beam into the PTF 4 32

33 MINERVA Project part Site of MYRRHA at SCK-CEN Site 9 33

34 MINERVA Building conceptual design Proton target facility Level 0 Front End building Accelerator tunnel Injector linac 11 Cryogenics installation 34

35 Building conceptual design 3D partial view 14 35

36 Building conceptual design 3D partial view 15 36

37 Phased implementation plan MYRRHA Project ( ) > Implementation High-Level overview Cut-off decision: Economic / Consortium / FANC-AFCN High level global planning of MYRRHA Project ( ) Pre-Licensing Phase (Full MYRRHA view) Licensing Phase (Full MYRRHA view) Phase 1: Total Phase 1 - MINERVA: 100 MeV Accelerator + ISOL Prototyping, Tendering, and Construction Commission MINERVA Phase 1 - R&D: Supporting 600 MeV and Reactor MINERVA formal licensing Royal Decree Phase 2-600MeV : Total Phase MeV Accelerator: Tendering, Construction, and Commissioning Phase 3 - Reactor: Total Phase 3 - Reactor: Commission Full MYRRHA: pre-licensing Full MYRRHA: formal licensing Full MYRRHA: follow-up regulator during construction FANC / AFCN license full MYRRHA Start Operation Phase 1: Phase 2&3: Source: SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 37

38 CapEx: MYRRHA Total investment budget (Summary) Phase 1 ( ) EUR M* Phase 2 ( ) EUR M* Total ( ) EUR M* By installation By activity By installation 52 By activity By installation 52 By activity Project Mgmt. Acc Mev Reactor Acc Mev Target Stations Licensing Integration engineering R&D PP&E** Nuclear fuel purchase Notes: *All numbers expressed in constant 2018 EUR **PP&E = Property, Plant & Equipment Source: SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team, MYRRHA Business Plan 38

39 MYRRHA is recognized in Europe to contribute to strategic objectives of both Energy and Knowledge economy Knowledge Economy Energy Independence ESFRI European Strategic Forum for Research Infrastructure SET Plan European Strategic Energy Technologies Plan EIB InnovFin Juncker Plan MYRRHA is selected by the European Investment Bank (EIB) as a potential project for financing and benefits from advisory services from EIB InnovFin MYRRHA is on the list of projects candidate to be financed by the European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI, also called Juncker plan ) Source: European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI), European Strategic Energy Plan (SET), EIB InnovFin, SCK CEN MYRRHA Project Team 39

40 Conclusions ADS is not anymore an Emerging Nuclear Energy System It has accomplished many impressive progresses in various fields, thanks to MYRRHA: Accelerator technology Pb and Pb-Bi technology HLM instrumentation (O 2 -meters, Flow meters, US-Visu, Sub-criticality monitoring, etc ) Material behavior in HLM (corrosion, erosion LME, etc ) ZPR experiments (FEAT/TARC, MUSE, YALINA, GUINEVERE, ) Large Scale HLM reactor mock-ups (ESCAPE, CLEAR-S) What is then the danger for this technology? Not to succeed to cross the valley of death for moving from R&D enthusiasm compensating small money to pre-industrial scale needing large money, rigorous industrial approach and severe safety and licensing judgement MYRRHA is aiming to cross the valley in a stepwise but breaking the ground in

41 The valley of death for innovation 41

42 With a positive decision by BE Gov on Phase 1 in beginning of 2018, we will break ground in

43 A jump in the future for pioneering innovation in Europe Through a pan-european Reasearch Facility in Belgium 43

44

45 Copyright SCK CEN PLEASE NOTE! This presentation contains data, information and formats for dedicated use ONLY and may not be copied, distributed or cited without the explicit permission of the SCK CEN. If this has been obtained, please reference it as a personal communication. By courtesy of SCK CEN. SCK CEN Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie Centre d'etude de l'energie Nucléaire Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Stichting van Openbaar Nut Fondation d'utilité Publique Foundation of Public Utility Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 BE-1160 BRUSSELS Operational Office: Boeretang 200 BE-2400 MOL 45