Primary Energy Demand (PJ)

Transcription

1 12,000 Primary Energy Demand (PJ) 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 Imported electricity Nuclear electricity Coal Imported refined oil Oil Natural Gas Biomass and waste Renewable electricity 0

2 PJ 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Final Energy demand by fuel (PJ) Others Heat Biosolids / waste Manufactured fuel Bio diesels Ethanol/Methanol Hydrogen Jet fuel Coal LPG Fuel oil / bio-oil Diesel Petrol Gas / biomethane Electricity

3 PJ 8,000 Final Energy demand by Sector 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 - Non-energy use Transport Services Residential Industry Agriculture

4 PJ Use of conservation Industry Service Residential

5 PJ Electricity storage Pumped hydro Hydrogen storage Plug-in hybrid Storage heaters

6 Mt-CO2 600 Sectoral Emissions Other Emissions Transport Services Residential Industry Hydrogen Electricity Agriculture Upstream -

7 Mt-CO Enduse Sectoral Emissions Non-energy use Transport Services Residential Industry Agriculture Upstream 0.0

8 ()2000)/t-CO Marginal cost of CO

9 Billion (2000) Undiscounted energy system cost

10 BVkm Car fleets Car - Methanol Car - Hydrogen Car - Battery Car - E85 Car - Petrol Plug-in Car - Petrol Hybrid Car - Petrol ICE Car - Diesel/biodiesel Plug-in Car - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid Car - Diesel/biodiesel ICE

11 BVkm Bus fleets Bus - Methanol Bus - Hydrogen Bus - Battery Bus - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid Bus - Diesel/biodiesel ICE

12 BVkm 35.0 HGV fleet 30.0 HGV - Hydrogen HGV - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid HGV - Diesel/biodiesel

13 BvKm LGV fleets LGV - Methanol LGV - Hydrogen LGV - Battery LGV - Petrol Plug-in LGV - Petrol Hybrid LGV - Petrol LGV - E85 LGV - Diesel/biodiesel Plug-in LGV - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid LGV - Diesel/biodiesel

14 BVkm Two-wheelers fleet TW - Hydrogen TW - Electricity TW - Petrol 0.0

15 BVkm Rail fleet Rail - Hydrogen Rail - Electricity Rail - Diesel/biodiesel

16 PJ Transport fuel demand 2500 Ethanol/methanol 2000 Bio-diesel/kerosene Jet fuel Hydrogen Electricity 500 Diesel Petrol 0

17 PJ 1,600 Generation by plant type 1,400 Storage 1,200 1,000 CHPs Non-base load Base load -

18 GW Installed capacity by plant type Storage CHPs Non-base load Base load -

19 PJ 1,400 1,200 1, Car fuel demand Car - Methanol Car - Hydrogen Car - Battery Car - E85 Car - Petrol Plug-in Car - Petrol Hybrid Car - Petrol ICE Car - Diesel/biodiesel Plug-in Car - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid Car - Diesel/biodiesel ICE

20 PJ Bus fuel demand Bus - Methanol Bus - Hydrogen Bus - Battery Bus - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid Bus - Diesel/biodiesel ICE

21 PJ HGV fuel demand HGV - Hydrogen HGV - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid HGV - Diesel/biodiesel

22 PJ LGV fuel demand LGV - Methanol LGV - Hydrogen LGV - Battery LGV - Petrol Plug-in LGV - Petrol Hybrid LGV - Petrol LGV - E85 LGV - Diesel/biodiesel Plug-in LGV - Diesel/biodiesel Hybrid LGV - Diesel/biodiesel

23 PJ Two-wheeler fuel demand TW - Hydrogen TW - Electricity TW - Petrol

24 PJ Rail fuel demand Rail - Hydrogen Rail - Electricity Rail - Diesel/biodiesel

25 % reduction from base 5.00% Industry and agriculture demand reductions 0.00% -5.00% % % % % % Industry - Chemicals Industry - Iron & steel Industry - Non ferrous metals Industry - Others Industry - Paper & pulp Agriculture

26 % reduction from base 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% -5.00% % % % % % Residential demand reductions Residential - Electricity Residential - Cooling Residential - Cooking Residential - Refrigeration Residential - Heating Residential - Hot-water

27 % reduction from base 10.00% Service demand reductions 5.00% 0.00% -5.00% % % % % % Services - Lighting Services - Refrigeration Services - Cooking Services - Cooling Services - Other electrical Services - Heating Services - Hot-water

28 % reduction from base Transport demand reduction 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% -5.00% % % % % % Transport - Air domestic Transport - Bus Transport - Car Transport - Rail freight Transport - HGV Transport - Air International Transport - LGV Transport - Int'l Shipping Transport - Rail passenger Transport - Shipping Transport - Two wheeler

29 Billion Consumer+Producer Surplus Change in consumer + producer surplus Change in energy system costs Decrease in area under demand curve Increase in area under demand curve

30 PJ Aviation fuel demand Air - Bio-Kerosene Air - Hydrogen Air - Jet fuel

31 BVkm 0.3 Aviation fleet Air (int) - Hydrogen Air (int) - Jet fuelbiokerosene Air - Hydrogen Air - Jet fuel-biokerosene

32 PJ Bio-products in final energy Industry Residential Service Transport

33 PJ Sectoral electricity demands (PJ) 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Upstreams Transport Service Residential Industry Hydrogen Agriculture

34 PJ 1,600.0 Electricity generation mix 1, , , Storage Solar PV Marine Imports Biowaste & others Wind Hydro Oil Nuclear Biomass CCS Gas CCS Gas Coal CCS Cofiring CCS Cofiring Coal

35 GW Installed electric capacity Storage Solar PV Marine Imports Biowaste & others Wind Hydro Oil Nuclear Biomass CCS Gas CCS Gas Coal CCS Cofiring CCS Cofiring Coal

36 MtCO2 Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) Utsira basin Aquifier Oil/gas field - high transport Oil/gas field - low transport Enhanced oil recovery

37 120.0 Drying Steam Natural Gas / Biomethane Liquid Petroleum Gas Light Fuel Oil / Bio-oil Heavy Fuel Oil Coal Coke

38 High temperature heat Steam Natural Gas / Biomethane Liquid Petroleum Gas Light Fuel Oil / Bio-oil Heavy Fuel Oil Coal Electricity Coke Coke Oven Gas Blast Furnace Gas

39 Low temperature heat Steam Natural Gas / Biomethane Liquid Petroleum Gas Light Fuel Oil / Bio-oil Heavy Fuel Oil Coal Electricity Coke Coke Oven Gas

40 Investment level by fuel (GW) Storage Solar PV Marine Imports Biowaste & others Wind Hydro Oil Nuclear Biomass CCS Gas CCS Gas Coal CCS Cofiring CCS Cofiring Coal