International Conference of Sustainability Science Tokyo, 2009

Transcription

1 International Conference of Sustainability Science Tokyo, 2009 The Bioenergy village Lighthouse Project for sustainable energy production in rural area PD Dr.-Ing. Marianne Karpenstein-Machan

2 Structure Guidelines to implement bioenergy projects in communities Technical concept Bioenergy village Jühnde Financial concept Economic aspects Conclusion

3 Our Guidelines to Implement Bioenergy Projects in Communities/Municipalities Use local renewable energy sources Use combined heat and power generation with high efficiency Produce energy crops in a sustainable way and with wide energy input/output ratio Use local animal manure and other organic residuals Use residuals of energy production (ashes, digestate) as fertilizer Invite community people to participate in planning, implementation and investment Use state of the art technology Participation of village people in a bioenergy project should be voluntary

4 The Bioenergy Village Project was created by an interdisciplinary team of the University Goettingen in the year 1998 Involved Disciplines: Agronomy, Geoscience, Economy, Sociology, Soil Science, Political Science Psychology, Goal: Cover the electricity and space heat energy demand of the village with biomass under active participation of village people

5 What is a Bioenergy Village? It is covering its energy needs (electricity & heating) with Biomass (plants, manure) or other local renewable energy ressources It is organized decentralized & in participatory ways

6 Bioenergy Village Juehnde 800 inhabitants 9 farmers 1300 ha farmland 800 ha forest

7 Technical concept

8 Technical concept Public grid Electricity Electricity Combined heat and power station (CHP) Anarobic digestion plant Village hot water pipeline Central Heating Plant

9 Model of the Biomass Energy Facilities in Juehnde Storage wood chips Heat plant facilities and office CHP Silage stock Water lagune 2. Fermenter and Storage tank 1. Fermenter Photo: Weitemeyer

10 Climate protection! Reduce CO 2 output by 3,300 tons/a = 60 % CO 2 reduction/capita/year in Juehnde Juehnde reached now the CO 2 -Reduction aims of Europe Union for 2050

11 5,5 km hot water grid -145 households

12 Hot water grid under construction in 2005 Branch line to the house

13 Heat transfer into the house Break through for hot water grid heat exchanger with heat meter Single boiler can be removed!!

14 Technical concept Capacities of Bioenergy facilities in Juehnde Anaerobic digestion plant with 700 kw el power station ~ 5 Mio. kwh/a Central Heating plant fed by wood chips 550 kw 2 heat storage facilities Peak load boiler (fuel oil) with 1500 kw

15 Required biomass quantities - to run the energy plants in Juehnde Liquid manure available 6 animal farms (swine and cattle) m3 /year Annual crops cultivated on farmland = 30 % of the total farmland Wood chips from forest =10 % of the annual regrow 350 ha/year 300 tons/year

16 Operator concept Who operates the company?

17 Village people established a co-operative society with limited liability in 2004

18 Members of the Co-operative society: heat supply clients farmers other village people sponsors Minimum share 1500 Euro/member

19 Financial concept

20 Investment in Jühnde Biogas plant: 2,90 Mio. Heat supply facilities 0,90 Mio. Hot water grid: 1,60 Mio. other * 0,10 Mio. Total 5,50 Mio. * Outside facilities

21 Capital Investment: Financial concept: Co-operative Shares Bank Credits Grant (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Protection)

22 Cash flow analyses 2007, data: V.Ruwisch, Expenses Yield 1 Energy carrier % 1 Yield electricity sale % Maize Yield space heat sale % Triticale Wood Fossil oil Employees/staff % 3 Maintainance/rep./ins % 4 Interest bank credit % 3 Depriciation Grant % 5 Depriciation % Profit Total %

23 Heat clients in Jühnde pay less!! 2005/2006: 893 Euro * 2007: 766 Euro * 2008: 900 Euro * Euro * * Saved Money/year compared to families who heated with fossil oil fuels

24 Does the Modell Jühnde run without a Government Grant and can be transferred to other German villages? Yes!! Following assumptions: Feed in prices for renewable electricity on the basis of renewable energy act 2009 (EEG 2009) Heat energy prices on an level compared to an oil-price of 0,60 Euro/liter Interest rate not more than 4.6 % Biomass prices not higher than 115 Euro/t dry mater

25 Transfer to other villages in the district Göttingen Krebeck Wollbrandshausen Jühnde Barlissen Reiffenhausen

26 Transfer to other Villages in Germany Vrees Iden Ölpers 5 LK North Map shows villages which are on the way to become a Bioenergy Village or have already established a Bioenergy Village 10 LK Gött Lieberhausen Göhren Nettersheim Tanna Gemünden Effelter Altershausen Rai-Breitenbach Oberried Hüfingen Gutenzell Mauenheim Frickingen Sauerlach

27 Interest in other countries Estonia Russland USA Canada Jühnde Korea Japan China Thailand Taiwan Indonesien

28 Conclusion Bioenergy villages contribute to climate and environment protection and resource conservation Bioenergy villages strengthen the economy of rural communities and increases the attractiveness for people to live there (jobs and more) The lighthouse project Jühnde is a model for rural areas with high biomass potential (biomass from farmland and manure) The feed in regulations for electricity (EEG 2009) are the base for the profitability of bioenergy projects in Germany EEG is the catalyst for renewable energy development in Germany: created new jobs, better technologies and new possibilities to use local resources for an self sufficient energy supply Danger: Centralized big projects with questionable ecological consequences (monoculture, long transports, less participation)

29 Cultivation concept - Double Cropping System tons dry mater year Winter rape; Winter cereals, Legums Harvest E. g. Maize, Sunflowers, Sorghum spp. (Sugar Millet), Ryegrass 2 0 März April Mai Juni Juli Aug. Sept. Okt Nov

30 Suitable energy crops for digestion

31 What is a Bioenergy Village? It is covering its energy needs (electricity & heating) with Biomass (plants, manure) or other local renewable energy ressources It is organized decentralized & in participatory ways

32 History of Bioenergy villages in Germany A first pilot project was planned by our team Motivation of people in the village JÜHNDE Planning and engineering period Construction of the fermentation plants, the central heating plant, and the heating grid Production of heat & electricity with biomass Establishment of further 10 bioenergy villages