Strategies for measuring and reducing your carbon footprint

Transcription

1 Strategies for measuring and reducing your carbon footprint Mayra Portalatin, LEED AP O + M Project Manager, Facility Engineering Associates, PC SESSION NO.: T1.24 TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 2011 ROOM NO.: 324

2 Learning Objectives Identify and recognize why your carbon footprint is important Learn how to calculate your carbon footprint Practical ways to reduce your carbon footprint

3 Agenda What s the Problem Calculating your Carbon Footprint Challenges Reducing your Carbon Footprint

4 What s the Problem? What is climate change? Who Is Responsible? Where do Buildings fit in? Where does transportation fit in?

5 Greenhouse Gases Capture heat and keep the surface of the Earth warm enough for us to live on. Without the greenhouse effect, the planet would be an uninhabitable.

6 Climate Change Refers to an average increase in temperature resulting in changes in climate Warmer Earth leads to changes in.rainfall patterns, rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. The concern is that climate change is caused by human activities.

7 Emissions Problem Where Do Existing Buildings Fit In?

8 U.S. CO 2 Emissions by Sector

9 Energy use in buildings is the largest opportunity to achieve the reductions the U.S. needs in greenhouse gas emissions while creating positive economic value.

10 Why Are Existing Buildings Important?

11 Energy Impact 2008 Total = Million Metric Tons

12 What is a Ton of Carbon?

13 U.S. Buildings Impacts on Resources 39% of total energy consumption (2006 US DOE Buildings Energy Datebook) 71% of electricity consumption (2006 US DOE Buildings Energy Datebook) 39% CO 2 emissions (EIA, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the U.S.) 36% of greenhouse gas emissions (EIA, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the U.S.) (Source: US Green Building Council)

14 Transportation & Energy Transportation sources accounted for approximately 29% of total U.S. GHG emissions in 2006.

15 Transportation & Energy Transportation Energy Usage for Average Office Building: 92.9 KBTU/sf/year Transportation Energy Intensity: Average Commuter 121 KBTU/sf/year How Much More Energy Does The Average Commute to the Building Use Than the Building Itself? 30% Source: Driving to Green Buildings: The Transportation Energy Intensity of Buildings Environmental Building News, September 1, 2007

16 Calculating Your Carbon Footprint Reporting standards, protocols, and calculators What Information Will I Need? How Long Will This Take?

17 Global Reporting Standard for Sustainability Reporting Protocol: GRI Sustainability Reporting guidelines (G3 Guidelines) Environmental Performance Indicators (9 Aspects) Materials Energy Water Biodiversity Emissions, Effluents, Waste Products and Services Compliance Transport Overall

18 Protocols for Corporate Accounting Provides guidance for preparing GHG Emissions Inventory Accounting and Reporting of Emissions (6 GHG of the Kyoto Protocol) Program and Policy Neutral

19 Protocol for U.S. Federal Facilities The Greenhouse Gas Protocol for the U.S. Public Sector was released in October 2010 by the GHG Protocol Initiative and LMI. The protocol outlines how federal, state and local governments can account for their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The protocol serves as a reference for implementing Executive Order

20 5 Steps to Calculating your Footprint Choose your Tools Define Your Organizational Boundaries Identify the Scope (Sources of Emissions) Gather the Data Input into Carbon Calculator

21 Tools for Calculating your Carbon Footprint GHG Calculator ENERGY STAR Calculator for Low Emitters Campus Calculator

22 Tools for Calculating your Carbon Footprint U.S. Public Sector Protocol does not require specific calculation tools Recommends peer reviewed tools: Cross Sector Tools Sector Specific Tools You may need to use more than one tool, likely divided by scope: Direct (Scope 1) Indirect (Scope 2) Transport/Mobile Services (Scope 3)

23 5 Steps to Calculating your Footprint Choose your Tools Define Your Organizational Boundaries Identify the Scope (Sources of Emissions) Gather the Data Input into Carbon Calculator

24 Organizational Boundaries Defines the facilities/entities that will be included in your inventory. Headquarters Multiple Office Locations Leased Space Subsidiaries Joint Ventures Partnerships Franchises

25 Organizational Boundaries Two Approaches Accounting Category Equity Share Approach Control Approach Group Companies / Subsidiaries Associated / Affiliated Companies Non-Incorporated Joint Ventures / Partnerships / Operations where partners have joint financial control Equity Share of GHG Emissions Equity Share of GHG Emissions Equity Share of GHG Emissions 100% of GHG Emissions 0% of GHG Emissions Equity Share of GHG Emissions Fixed Asset Investments 0% 0% Franchises Equity Share of GHG Emissions 100% of GHG Emissions

26 5 Steps to Calculating your Footprint Choose your Tools Define Your Organizational Boundaries Identify the Scope (Sources of Emissions) Gather the Data Input into Carbon Calculator

27 Identify the Scope

28 Identify the Scope Identify Sources of Emissions (Scope) Direct GHG Emissions Indirect GHG Emissions Three Scopes of Emissions Generally Account & Report on Scopes 1 & 2 Scope 3 Supply Chain

29 Scope 1: Direct GHG Emissions Combustion of Fuels on Stationary Sources: Generation of Electricity, Heat, or Steam Physical or Chemical Processing Company Fleet Fugitive Emissions (i.e. leaks) Excludes Direct CO 2 Emissions from Combustion of Biomass (To be Reported Separately)

30 Scope 1: Sources of Emissions Stationary Combustion Boilers Furnaces Burners Turbines Heaters Incinerators Engines

31 Scope 1: Sources of Emissions Mobile Combustion Transportation Process Emissions Physical Processes Chemical Processes Fugitive Emissions Intentional and Unintentional Equipment Leaks

32 Scope 2: Electricity Indirect GHG Emissions Emissions from the Generation of Purchased Electricity One of the Largest Sources of GHG Emissions Energy Efficient Technologies and Energy Conservation Measures are Key to Reduction of GHG Emissions

33 Scope 3: Other Indirect GHG Emissions Common Items: Commuter Travel Directly Financed Outsourced Travel Uncommon Items: Electricity-Related Activities not in Scope 2 (Exploration, Drilling) Extraction and Production of Purchased Materials and Fuels Transportation of Purchased Materials and Fuels Use of Sold Products and Services Waste Disposal (transportation of waste or emissions from sole off-site waste disposal facility)

34 5 Steps to Calculating your Footprint Choose your Tools Define Your Organizational Boundaries Identify the Scope (Sources of Emissions) Gather the Data Input into Carbon Calculator

35 What do you need? Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 Fuels (tons) Electricity (kwh) Airline Travel (miles) Refrigerants & Chemicals (lbs) Fertilizer Used Husbandry (# Animals) Steam (MMBtu) Chilled Water (District System) Natural Gas (Therms or M 3 ) Commuter Travel (miles) Train Travel (miles) Purchased Offsets What you need and units will depend on your calculator!

36 Where & Who has my Data? Facilities Management Department Utility Bills Vehicle Fleet Information Purchasing Department Business Travel Information Mechanical Service Contractor Refrigerant Leakage Rates (i.e. Chillers) Employees Commuter Information (via survey)

37 5 Steps to Calculating your Footprint Choose your Tools Define Your Organizational Boundaries Identify the Scope (Sources of Emissions) Gather the Data Input into Carbon Calculator

38 ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager Tracks Scope 1 & Scope 2 GHG Emissions Energy Renewable Energy (i.e. metered PV panels) Renewable Energy Certificates (offsets) Tracks changes in energy use over time in single buildings, groups of buildings, or entire portfolios.

39 General Information ENERGY STAR Inputs Building address including zip code Energy Consumption Data 12 consecutive months of meter data for each fuel type Space Type Data Gross square footage Space type specific: weekly operating hours, # of PCs, # of workers, etc

40 ENERGY STAR Output Greenhouse gas emissions reduction

41 Challenges Challenges Gathering the Data Data is kept by multiple sources Surveys are often necessary Data Gaps Other Challenges Leased Space Deciding What to Report Participation

42 Reducing your Carbon Footprint What can you do in your building? Decrease Energy Consumption Purchase Renewable Energy Purchase Carbon Offsets

43 Majority of carbon dioxide emissions at most facilities are from operations

44 Decreasing Energy Consumption Establish a baseline Develop strategies for energy reduction Energy Audits Commissioning Reduce Plug Loads Education

45 Energy Audits Typically Costs $.08 - $.24 per SF 5-20% potential annual energy savings 0.5 to 4 year payback Source: Portland Energy Conservation, Inc.

46 Energy Audit Recommendations No to Low Cost Improvements Reduce work hours Occupancy sensors (lighting) Use energy efficient equipment Control Optimization Capital Intensive Improvements Chiller replacements with high efficiency units Enhanced controls Install high performance mechanical systems

47 Commissioning Typically New Construction Existing Buildings Costs $1.16 per SF $0.30 per SF Median Annual Energy Savings Median Payback 13% 16% 4.22 years 1.1 years Source: LBNL 2009 Report on Building Commissioning

48 Commissioning Recommendations Modify sequence of operations Connect lighting to BAS Delay morning warm-up Lower AHU set points in occupied mode Reduce water heater temperature set point Replace lamps with more efficient lamps Use photocell controls to turn off emergency fixtures during daylight hours

49 Reducing Plug Loads Smart Power Strips Limiting types of Personal Items Purchase ENERGY STAR qualified office equipment Computer power management

50 Often Neglected Plug Loads Personal Appliance Annual Energy Consumption (KwH) Operating Cost ($/yr)* Clock Radio 30 $2.70 Small Stereo 55 $5.00 Phone Charger 7.2 $0.70 Digital Photo Frame (7 ) 6.57 $1.00 Decorative Fountain 6 $1 Space Heater 329 $29.61 This is per station / office! *Assumes $0.09/kWh What about phantom loads?

51 Education Don t just change the facility change the way people think Modifying occupant habits Training and educating staff Raising staff and constituent/client awareness Report progress and celebrate success

52 Other GHG Reduction Strategies Saving on energy? then you are reducing GHG emissions associated with your building! Other strategies Alternative Transportation Workplace Alternatives

53 Alternative Transportation Providing Preferred Parking for Alternative Fuel and/or Hybrid Vehicles Develop Alternative Commuting Incentive Program Bicycle Racks & Changing Lockers Proximity to Public Transportation

54 Workplace Alternatives Telecommuting 4-10 Hour Days Virtual Meetings

55 Reducing your Carbon Footprint What can you do in your building? Decrease Energy Consumption Purchase Renewable Energy Purchase Carbon Offsets

56 What is it? Renewable Energy Derived from Natural Sources Replenish Over Short Time Examples Sun Wind Organic Plant & Waste Material Earth s Heat

57 Renewable Energy Generate On-Site Photovoltaic Cells Solar Hot-Water Heaters Building-Mounted Wind Turbines Purchase Off-Site Green Power Certificates Renewable Energy Certificates (REC)

58 Renewable Energy Certificates 1 REC = 1 MWh Renewable Energy (1,000 kwh) Cost Typically Range From $0.005/kWh to $0.06/ kwh U.S. Average Monthly Energy Consumption: Industrial 107,907 kwh Commercial 6,408 kwh Residential 936 kwh (2007 Data)

59 Reducing your Carbon Footprint What can you do in your building? Decrease Energy Consumption Purchase Renewable Energy Purchase Carbon Offsets

60 Carbon Offsets A carbon offset is an emission reduction credit from another organization s project that results in less carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than would otherwise occur.

61 Carbon Offsets A ton of CO 2 e is emitted when you: Travel 2,000 miles in an airplane Drive miles in a large SUV Drives 1,900 miles in a mid-sized car Drive 6,000 miles in a hybrid gasolineelectric car Run an average US household for 60 days Have your computer on for 10,600 hours Graze one Ugandan dairy cow for eight months To Offset 1,000 Tons of CO 2 e you could: Move 145 drivers from large SUVs to hybrids for one year Run one 600 kw wind turbine for an average year Replace watt light bulbs with 18- watt cfls (10 year life) Replace 2,000 refrigerators with highest efficiency model (10 year life) Install 125 home solar panels in India (20 year life) Protect 4 acres of tropical rainforest deforestation

62 Conclusion Establish your Baseline Strategize & Align with your Organization Set Goals Implement Strategies Track & Measure Report

63 Questions? Contact: Mayra Portalatin, LEED AP O + M mayra.portalatin@feapc.com (703)