New Zealand Mudsnails in Washington State

Transcription

1 New Zealand Mudsnails in Washington State Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife Aquatic Invasive Species Unit Olympic Knotweed Working Group Meeting November 14, 2013

2 Overview NZMS Biology and Invasive Risks Overview of Recent Detections Response Options Cooperative Management Priorities Next Steps 2

3 NZMS Invasive History United States 1987

4 NZMS Invasive History United States 2013

5 NZMS Invasive History Washington State 2013 Snohomish River 2009 Chehalis River

6 NZMS Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Biology Native to New Zealand Live for about 1 year Very small less than 6 mm Nocturnal grazers Tolerant of temperatures 34 C and salinities up to 15ppt Densities up to 500k m 2

7 NZMS Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Biology Reach sexually maturity at 3 mm Western population parthenogenic clones it only takes one female Spawning in summer and autumn Embryos Brood embryos

8 Identification Full grown shell, fairly elongate with 5-6 whorls, maximum length usually 5mm, occasionally 6 mm 1 Whorl Shell is usually horn colored but ranges from light brown to black and may be encrusted with algae, etc. Operculum only visible on live snails Dextral opening to the right of the animal

9 Size Raised Ridges Lymnaeidae Fluminicola sp. Juga sp. Credit: King County Water and Land Resources

10 NZMS Invasive Risks Consume primary production Compete with native grazers and detritivors Alter food sources for invertebrate and vertebrate predators Dominate secondary production in food webs Less preferred/nutritious prey for native fish

11 Predators Parasitic flatworm in New Zealand Signal crayfish

12 Overview of Snohomish River Detection Detection Site Detected by Torrey Luiting and Grant Novak of ICF International August 6, 2013

13 Snohomish River

14 Smith Island Restoration Site

15 Overview of Blue Slough Detection Detection Site Detected by Edward Johannes private consultant July 24, 2013

16 Blue Slough Detection Site DNR Access Trail

17 Blue Slough

18 Affected Stakeholders RCW Prohibited aquatic animal species These species are considered by the commission to have a high risk of becoming an invasive species and may not be possessed, imported, purchased, sold, propagated, transported, or released into state waters.

19 Response Options Prevention education and outreach Voluntary actions to minimize spread Infested Site/Boater Sign Walk In Sign Boat Launch Sign

20 Response Options Infested site baseline and trend monitoring Determine scope of infestation and observe changes over time

21 Response Options Mandatory Check Stations Containment: active management to minimize spread Inspections average 5 minutes Immune from AIS citations at check stations if all department directives are followed Designed to be outreach and educational Randomly along roadways and water bodies

22 Public Pathways

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25 Response Options Resource Manager Decontamination Protocols Containment: active management to minimize spread Regularly inspect and clean gear while working Use dedicated equipment for a water body Progress from least to mostly likely infested waters and with, not against water flow Minimize contact with water or equipment with lake/stream sediments and vegetation Keep plants/sediments out of boats and gear Minimize use of multi-piece wading gear 25

26 Stakeholder Pathways

27 WDFW Internal AIS Decontamination Management Protocol 27

28 Decontamination Level 1 Standard procedure performed every time Basic equipment Stiff brush Mud pick Rinse water Tote or garbage bags 28

29 Decontamination Level 1 Clean Drain Rinse 29

30 Decontamination Level 2 Objective: Eradicate Kill all remaining invasive species after Level 1 removal 30

31 When to Apply Decontamination Level 2 Freshwater Aquatic Areas After infested waters Before sensitive areas Between WRIAs Before isolated and still-water habitats Marine Aquatic Areas After infested waters Before sensitive areas Between geographic basins 31

32 Decontamination Level 2 Option: Hot Water 140 F / 60 C at 15 seconds or 5 minutes Environmentally friendly

33 Decontamination Level 2 Option: Freezing 14 F / -10 C at 8 hours Environmentally friendly

34 Decontamination Level 2 Option: Virkon Aquatic 2% for 20 minutes bath Equipment must be rinsed with potable water Rinse water must be captured and properly disposed according to the label Single 10 lb. tub $87 Bulk case of 4 10 lb. tubs - $77 per tub Test stripes $55 Vendor Western

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37 Response Options Control and Eradication Active management to reduce or remove entire population

38 Recommended Short-Term Cooperative Management Priorities 1. Prevent further spread from resource managers by implementing decontamination level 2 protocols 2. Determine distribution of NZMS 3. Conduct mandatory and voluntary check stations

39 Recommended Long-Term Cooperative Management Priorities 1. Determine containment/control/eradication options based on NZMS baseline survey results 2. Determine enhanced education/outreach needs for infested site area 3. Develop/implement permanent decontamination station for infested site area

40 Questions/Recommendations?

41 Thanks WDFW AIS Biologist Jesse Schultz- (360)