A Dialogue on Cities and Climate Change. Mr. Dharmendra Secretary (Environment & Forests) Govt. of NCT Delhi, India

Transcription

1 A Dialogue on Cities and Climate Change Delhi and Its Progress on Tackling Climate Change Issues Mr. Dharmendra Secretary (Environment & Forests) Govt. of NCT Delhi, India INDIA DELHI Latitude :28.38 N Longitude: E 1

2 Major Indian Cities City Geographical Population Area (Sq. Km) As per 2001 census Delhi million (16.3 million in 2009) Mumbai million Kolkata & million Howrah Chennai million Delhi- At a Glance Geographical Area 1483 sq km Current Population Expected population by year 2021 Population density Migrant Population Industries 16.3 million 22 million (approx.) More than 10,000 people per Sq. Km About 0.5 million every year Thermal Power Plants and Small Scale Industries 2

3 CONTRIBUTION OF CITIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE Cities cover less than 1% of the earth's surface but are disproportionately p responsible for causing climate change. Currently, around 50 % of the world s population live in cities (set to reach 60 per cent by 2030). Yet cities and urban areas consume some 75 % of the world's energyand are responsible for up to 75 % of greenhouse gas emissions. HIGH ENERGY USE & WASTEFUL ECONOMIC MODEL HIGH ENERGY EFFICIENT & MINIMUM WASTEFUL ECONOMIC MODEL CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION PROJECTIONS Country 2002 MtCO MtCO2 Avg. Annual Growth Total Growth World % 58.9% Annex-I % 28.9% Non Annex-I % 100.5% USA % 38.7% Western % 11.4% Europe China % 144.8% India % 94.3% Brazil % 98.9% Source : Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) Version 4.0 Washington DC, World Resource Institute,

4 INDIAN SCENARIO On a per capita basis, India s emissions are 70% below the world average Source : PEW Centre on Global Climate Change with TERI Country USA EU 9.40 Japan 9.87 China 3.60 Russia India 1.02 World Average Per Capita Carbon-dioxide emission (metric tons) 4.25 Carbon dioxide Emissions in India (2004) INDIAN SCENARIO Five independent India-specific studies on GHG emissions profile : 1) TERI-Poznan 2) NCAER-CGE T 3) McKinsey 4) IRADe-AA 5) TERI-MoEF As per the estimates of the five different studies, India s per capita GHG emissions in would be between 2.77 tonnes and 5.00 tonnes of CO2e (Carbon Dioxide equivalent). India s GHG emissions in 2031 vary from 4.0 billion tones to 7.3 billion tones of CO2e Four of the five studies estimated that even in 2031, India s per capita GHG emissions would stay under 4 tonnes of CO2e which h is lower than the global l per capita emissions i of 4.22 tonnes of CO2e in The key drivers of the range of these estimates are the assumptions on GDP growth rates, penetration of clean energy, energy efficiency improvements etc. 4

5 India s Share in Global CO 2 Emission National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) 8CoreMissions National Solar Mission To promote the development and use of solar energy for power generation and other uses National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency Mandating specific energy consumption and energy incentives National Mission on Sustainable Habitat To promote energy efficiency as a core component of urban planning National Water Mission The plan sets a goal of a 20% improvement in water use efficiency through pricing and other measures 5

6 National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem The plan aims to conserve biodiversity, forest cover, and other ecological values in the Himalayan region. National Mission for Green India To carry out afforestation of 6 million hectares of degradedd d forest lands and expanding forest cover from 23% to 33% of India s territory National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture To support climate adaptation in agriculture through the development of climate-resilient crops, expansion of weather insurance mechanisms, and agricultural practices National Mission for Strategic Mission for Climate Change To gain a better understanding of climate science, impacts and challenges Climate Change Agenda for Delhi The Climate Change Agenda for Delhi by the Government of NCT of Delhi put forth several action items that the Government intends to undertake in the coming years. 65 Agenda Points for action on various sectors identified 6

7 Water Forestry Buildings Waste Sectors Identified under Climate Change Agenda Lighting Transportation Renewables Energy On its way to become Largest Public Transport on CNG in the World (10,000 Buses running on CNG by 2010) TRANSPORT Low Floor Urban Buses, High Capacity Bus System, Stringent emission norms, Clean fuel (EURO IV EQUIVALENT DIESEL BY 2010) 500 Networked PUC Centre. Delhi Metro earned Carbon Credits for regenerative braking project 7

8 Air Ambience Fund Collection on sale of diesel in the city at rate of 0.25 Rs/litre and utilisation for 29.5% subsidy in purchase of Battery Operated Vehicle ENERGY CONSERVATION Delhi Cabinet has decided to upgrade energy efficiency of existing Government Buildings through retrofitting to be carried out by energy service companies in a performance contracting mode. The objective is to ensure that Government Buildings can achieve at least rating of one star from BEE under their office building labeling programme. Mandatory Energy Conservation Building Code adoption in Government buildings and in all new construction projects applied for Environmental Clearance 8

9 Subsidy in installation of Solar Water Heating Systems : (Rs 6000 (120 US $) per 100 LPD for Domestic & Rs (1500 US $ ) per 1000 LPD for non-commercial institution) Solar Power Generation Promoting CFL & LED Use Green Building Technology Observing Earth Hour Saved about 700 MW with power saving for 1hr only WATER CONSERVATION Onsite Sewage Treatment Plant /Effluent Treatment Plant mandatory in up-coming construction projects. Recycle and reuse of treated waste water for flushing, horticulture, cooling etc. Installation of low flow water appliances. Energy Efficient Water & Wastewater treatment operations and Methane Recovery and reuse is under consideration for a CDM project. 9

10 Rain Water Harvesting Mandatory in building plots > 200 sq mt Groundwater drawal subject to DJB permission and rain water harvesting/waste water recycling. CLEAN POWER GENERATION Delhi Government plans to switch over to GAS BASED POWER GENERATION Adoption of beneficiated coal having ash content less than 34% in existing coal based plant. Stringent emission norms (Particulate Matter 50 mg/nm 3 ) Online NOx Monitoring in Gas based power plant 10

11 Green Cover of Delhi 30 sq. Km to 300 sq. Km in last 10 years Source : State of Forest Report (FSI) 1.2 million Saplings are being planted this year 0.6 million Saplings are being distributed through Department Nurseries, Petrol Pumps, CNG Stations, Mother Dairy booths etc. Delhi Parks & Garden Society has been created for maintenance of parks & gardens 11

12 Before 2007, there were 25 protected forests and 14 city forests in the city and another 18 new city forests have been created in last two years. The govt. plans to create another 9 city forests this year. Participation of Eco-Clubs, RWAs, NGOs, etc Forest CDM Project is in pipeline. 140 Water bodies are being greened Municipal Solid Waste 200 TPD Compost plant at Okhla operational 200 TPD A.P.M.C Compost Plant at Tikri khurd 500 TPD MCD Compost plant at Bhalswa 1300 TPD Integrated Waste Complex at Gazipur Bio-gas Plant Site (under development) and 10 MW power generation ( )TPD Integrated Waste Complex at NDMC Plant Site, Sukhdev Vihar (under development) and 16 MW power generation 12

13 Decentralized biodegradable waste management by Organic Waste Converter Compact machine; Wet compost in 15 minutes; Ready compost in 7 days. Odourless process. Generating Public Awareness Advertisements released in Newspaper to spread environmental awareness. Digital display has been done important traffic intersections. at Metro coaches and metro stations carry environmental messages regularly. Jingle on FM radio is released. Participation in seminars, conferences, workshops, exhibitions, is a regular feature. Bus Q Shelters are also being used for the public awareness in respect of Plastic menace and Greening. 13

14 THANK YOU 14