Dissemination and fostering of plasma based environmental technological innovation

Transcription

1 Dissemination and fostering of plasma based environmental technological innovation Plasma based cleaning of exhaust gases of combustion(wp4) Eugen Stamate, Technical University of Denmark

2 Objectives Further develop and promote plasma assisted technologies involved in NOx and SOx reduction by: Mapping the specificity of NOx and SOx emission in Baltic See region in terms of polluting sources, their size and pollution levels; Testing and cost evaluating the three main technologies (catalyst, low temperature oxidation and electron beam irradiation) for most conditions applicable to Baltic See region. Sharing and enforcing the current expertise in NOx and SOx reduction in the region; Building mobile and stationary facilities accessible for research, demonstration and promotion of plasma assisted technologies for NOx and SOx reduction; Elaborating up to date technical documentation and its dissemination; 1

3 Implementation Partners WP4 leader: Technical University of Denmark (Former Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy) WP4 members: Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP) Technical University of Denmark Uppsala University Lithuanian Energy Institute Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology Szczecin University of Technology University of Tartu 2

4 Implementation Tasks: 28, main tasks: List/map of the emission processes in the Baltic Sea region, standardization and table applications, guide and handbook for plasma technologies Build up a mobile NOx /SOx reduction rector to test several technologies including low temperature oxidation, direct plasma treatment and catalytic materials Development of infrared absorption spectroscopy based gas phase diagnostic for process control, catalytic convertor sand new power supplies for large scale reduction Evaluate the role of mixing scheme, water vapors, time dependent, steep temperature gradient, process optimization, hybrid configurations Preparation and testing of different photo catalyst coatings by different techniques 3

5 Main results of work package NOx/SOx reduction reactor built at DTU 6 m long, up to 250 slm flue gas; Sensors, controls and diagnostics; Used for low temperature oxidation, direct plasma treatment, hybrid configurations including catalytic coatings, and also for test on VOC reduction Measurements campaign, October 2012 at DTU NOx/SOx reduction reactor at DTU, Risø campus Schematic of the NOx/SOx reduction reactor 4

6 FTIR analisys using PlasTEP standard for NOx PlasTEP standard dd.mm.yyyy 5

7 Main results of work package Plasma systems for deposition of coatings Lithuanian Energy Institute Several plasma spray systems have been used for deposition of wide range of catalytic coatings. Operation by feeding air, nitrogen, propane-butane, acetylene or CO 2 gases in the mixture with dispersed particles under the possibility of injection directly into the reacting arc zone. Schematic presentation of the plasma deposition process 6

8 Main results of work package Szczecin University of Technology Power supply unit requirements: Mobility (single element) Controllable output voltage and thus power One phase supply (230Vac) Output resonant converter Microcomputer control unit Preliminary DC/DC converter 7

9 Absorbance, NO [a.u.] Concentration, NO [ppm] Main results of work package Uppsala University Fused Hollow Cathode with aerodynamic stabilization (A-HEAD) Plasma works as a 100% oxidation catalyst, without additives, without catalyst NO x + air + N 2 mixture, 7 l/min, 5 kv, i.s % O 2 n 5% O 2 q 7% O Experiments with varying content of oxygen in the NO x /air mixtures - oxygen screening No difference between mixtures containing real or artificial (model) air Specific energy input values as low as 4-5 J/l for 3% O J/l for 5% O J/l for 7% O Repetition frequency [Hz] H. Baránková and L. Bardos, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 (2012)

10 Main results of work package University of Tartu Removal of NO in synthetic flue gas by plasma and catalyst (TiO 2 ) NO oxidation Synthetic flue gas Catalyst has practically no effect on removal 360 ppm NO (higher not possible) 5 % CO 2 5 % H 2 O 500 ppm C 3 H ppm CO 80 % N 2 balance Temperature 60 C L/min Oxidation to NO 2 and HNO 3 CO 2 had no effect, H 2 O and C 3 H 6 strong positive effect unstable NO at 10 L/min (still same trends) 9

11 Main results of work package Conclusions and future actions Optimization of NOx/SOx reduction was carried out in different configurations including ozone injection, direct plasma treatment, catalytic materials and electron beam irradiation. Results have been disseminated during workshops with industrial partners, symposiums, summer schools, printed reports, guidelines, handbooks and scientific publications; Investments were finalized successfully and have been used transnational tests with participation of project partners; Future actions: Further tests at biomass power plants within the PlasTEP+ project; Use of investment for collaboration with industrial partners; Maintain and extend the current expertise in plasma technologies for NOx/SOx reduction 10

12 Thank you for your attention! Eugen Stamate, PhD, Senior Scientist Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde, Denmark Tel.: